Sections
General Principles | Behavioral Interventions | Psychopharmacological Treatment
Excerpt
This section will focus on those topics most relevant to child
psychiatrists, child psychologists, pediatricians, and family practitioners.
Because persons on the autism spectrum can be affected with many
diverse behavioral, cognitive, and emotional difficulties, treatment
must be both broad and tailored to the needs of each person. The
initial evaluation should provide information not only about the
specific symptoms of autism but also about the person's
level of intellectual functioning; basic vocabulary and grammar
skills; fine and gross motor skills; the presence of hypersensitivity
to auditory, tactile, or visual sensory input; and the presence
of other psychiatric diagnoses, in particular anxiety disorder and
symptoms of attention-deficit disorder with or without hyperactivity
(DSM-IV does not allow a diagnosis of ADHD in the presence of a PDD).
A treatment plan must be developed that addresses that particular
person's needs. Other specialists must be consulted by
the family: speech pathologists, occupational and recreational therapists, behavioral
specialists with expertise in autism, a sleep medicine specialist
for children with serious sleep problems, and special education
teachers who can design a suitable curriculum and who know how to
deal with the specific problems that may interfere with the child's
learning in school. Autistic persons may not understand that if
they follow the teacher's instruction that the teacher
will be pleased, they may not know why "fitting in" to
the school routines is important, and they may, of course, have
moderate to severe intellectual handicap as well.