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Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder | Mood Disorders | Autism Spectrum Disorders | Substance Abuse | Anxiety Disorders
Excerpt
There is a large body of literature indicating high prevalence
of sleep disorders in children with ADHD, based on subjective parental
and self-reports and objective instrumental assessments of sleep.
Difficulty settling down to sleep, delayed sleep onset with frequent
nocturnal awakenings, restless sleep, and reduced total amount of
sleep have been reported in children with ADHD. Both behavioral
and intrinsic sleep disorders have been associated with symptoms of
ADHD. Snoring and OSA have been implicated in the possible pathophysiology
of ADHD symptoms in some children. A strong association among RLS, PLMD,
and ADHD was shown in a number of studies, with 26%–64% of
children with ADHD meeting criteria for PLMD on polysomnography
(Picchietti et al. 1998, 1999) and over
44% of children with PLMD having a clinical diagnosis of
ADHD (Crabtree et al. 2003).