Sections
Extrapyramidal Side Effects | Akathisia | Withdrawal Dyskinesia | Tardive Dyskinesia | Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome
Excerpt
In general, children and adolescents are more sensitive than
adults to EPS associated with FGAs and SGAs (Correll et al. 2006). An RCT of 40 youth with psychotic disorders comparing
haloperidol (mean dosage: 5 mg/day), risperidone (mean
dosage: 4 mg/day), and olanzapine (mean dosage: 12 mg/day)
found substantial EPS not only with haloperidol (67%) but
also with olanzapine (56%) and risperidone (53%),
although haloperidol-treated patients reported more severe EPS (Sikich et al. 2004). In another study of 119 pediatric patients
with schizophrenia, molindone (mean dosage: 60 mg/day)
was associated with greater benztropine use (48%) compared
to risperidone (37%, mean dosage: 2.8 mg) and olanzapine
(26%, mean dosage: 11 mg/day), even though patients
randomly assigned to molindone received 0.5 mg benztropine bid prophylactically
(Sikich et al. 2008). Clozapine and quetiapine appear
to be associated with relatively low rates of EPS in pediatric patients
(as in adults). For aripiprazole and ziprasidone, rates of EPS appear
to increase with increasing dose.