Parent counseling or parent guidance has been used to more generally describe parent education and therapy separate from work with the child. It refers to an overall continuum of interventions aimed to help parents understand their children and their moods and behaviors. It sometimes targets parent attitudes and behaviors that may contribute to overall difficulties in the family. Interventions range from basic education to psychotherapy and can include clarification, advice, persuasion, facilitation, and exploration of feelings (Arnold 1978). The decision of which intervention to use is made based on the nature of the problem, family personality and strengths, obstacles to effective parenting, and type of help the parents are willing to accept.