Page numbers printed in boldface type refer to tables or figures.
Abdominal flap phalloplasty,267
Abdominoplasty,299
Access to care, for TGNC peopleadvocacy and,61
hormone treatment and,198–199, 216
problem of,4, 43, 184
responsibilities of mental health professionals and,308
Acne, and testosterone,203
Adam’s apple, and transfeminine facial feminization,299
Administration, of hormone treatment,206,
207, 208
Adolescents, and puberty suppression,132.
See also Children
Advertising, of clinics,45
Advocacy, for TGNC people.
See also Letter writing
assisting TGNC patients with,54
case management and,67
education and,62, 70–71
emergency departments and,64–67
homeless shelters and,67–69
hospitals and,62–63
prisons and,69
responsibilities of mental health professionals and,12–13, 308
Advocate, The (magazine),49
Affirmed female, use of term,53
Age, and outcomes of gender-affirming procedures,136.
See also Adolescents; Children
Alcohol abuse, in case examples,115–116, 148.
See also Substance abuse
Alcoholics Anonymous (AA),119
Ambivalence, and transitioning,133
American Psychiatric Association,70, 71, 92, 111
Anderson, Lucy Hicks,33
Anxiety, and testosterone use,205
Areola, and transmasculine top surgery,237, 238,
239, 240
Aromantic people,174
Asexuality, and relationship choices,173–174
Association of LGBTQ Psychiatrists (AGLP),6, 38, 70
Asterisk, use of on patient records,52
Autogynephilia,96–97
Automatic thoughts, and mental health professionals,21
Bathrooms, and clinics,49
Behavior, and gender stereotypes,19–20
Benjamin, Harry,36
Billing.
See also Insurance companies
gender markers and,50
legal name and,52
paperwork requirements and patient concerns about,54
Binding, of breasts,234–236
Bipolar disorder,63, 205
Bisexuality, and health care,189
Black market, and steroids,198
Blending, and plurality,160
Blood clots, and estrogen,222
Bodycorrelation of type with outcomes of gender-affirming procedures,136
discussions of sexuality and,170–172
effects of estrogen on,216–221
effects of testosterone on,199–204
gender-affirming procedures for feminine,299–300
gender-affirming procedures for masculine,301
gender stereotypes and shape of,18, 20,
21mental health care and focus on,115
terminology for parts of,169
Body contouring, as feminine body procedure,299
Body mass index,202, 219
Bondage, domination, and sadomasochism (BDSM),175
Bottom surgery.
See Transfeminine bottom surgery; Transmasculine bottom surgery
Boundaries, and working with families,144
Bowers, Marci,38
Bowie, David,38
Brain, postmortem studies of TGNC individuals,103, 104
Breastsestrogen treatment and development of,218–219
evolution and development of,250
femininity and,249
presence of and assignment of gender,233,
234transfeminine top surgery and,252–255
transmasculine top surgery and,237–240
Broadnax, Willmer “Little Ax,”33
Brochures, in clinic waiting rooms,48
Buttocks, and implants,299, 301
Buttonhole technique, of transmasculine top surgery,238, 239,
241Callen-Lorde Community Health Center (New York),6–7, 38,
44Canceraccess to care and,184
in case examples,186, 188
estrogen and risk of breast cancer,222
screenings for,187Capacity evaluations, and letter writing,82–83
Cardiac problems, and testosterone,206
Case examplesof advocacy,62–63, 65–66, 67–68
of detransitioning,134–135
of dissociative identity disorder,158–159
of families,145–147, 148, 149–150
of hormone therapy,203–204, 220–221
of letter writing,80–81
of mental health care for TGNC people,112–113, 115–116, 118
of primary health care,185–186, 188–189
of sexuality,169–170, 175
of transfeminine bottom surgery,281–282, 286–288
of transfeminine facial feminization,296
of transfeminine top surgery,252, 254–255
of transitioning,132–133, 149–150
of transmasculine body procedures,300
of transmasculine bottom surgery,263–265, 265–266, 270–272
of transmasculine top surgery,235–236, 239–240, 242–243
of transvestitism,101, 102
Case management, and advocacy,67
Cashier, Albert,32
Cheeks, and transfeminine facial feminization,298, 299
Children.
See also Adolescents
assignment of gender at birth,17, 24–25, 52, 100, 299
exclusion of from topics of book,11
transitioning of parent and,149–150
Chin, and transfeminine facial feminization,298
Cis, and cisnormalitycountertransference in mental health care and,120
gender spectrum and,24–25
general profile features of face and,297Clinic(s).
See also Health care; Mental health care
changes needed in,43–44
documentation and,53
electronic health records and,51–53
finding of by patients,44–45
front desk staff of,47,
48group therapy and,54–55
paperwork issues for,50–51
referrals by,55–56
safety issues for,45–47
signage in,47–50
social services and,53–54
Clinician-patient relationship, and diagnosis of gender dysphoria,104–105
Clitoris, testosterone and enlargement of,203, 265
Clothing, as signal of gender status,234.
See also Transvestic disorder; Transvestite; Transvestitism
Cohen-Kettenis, Peggy,39
Colon graft, and transfeminine bottom surgery,286
Communication, and discussions about sexuality,174–175
Competency, and capacity evaluations,82
Concentric circle technique, and transmasculine top surgery,238
Conversion therapy,35, 117
Coping strategies, and transitioning,137–138
Countertransference, and mental health care,120, 173
Cowell, Roberta,36
Crystal Meth Anonymous (CMA),119
Culture, and cultural issuesAdam’s apple and assignment of gender,299
binding of breasts and,234–235
breasts as sign of fertility and,249,
250gender dysphoria and,103
global shift regarding gender, gender roles, and gender diversity,5
meaning of penis and,263
sexualization of trans women and,280
Danish Girl, The,35, 282
Daydreaming, and dissociations,158
Defense mechanisms, and transitioning,131, 133
Dehydration, and spironolactone,224
Department of Health and HumanServices,38
Depression, in case example,134–135.
See also Major depression
Detransitioning,130, 134–136.
See also Transitioning
Diagnosis, criteria for gender dysphoria,94–
95, 95–96, 100–106, 117
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5; American Psychiatric Association 2013)controversy on inclusion of gender dysphoria in,91, 92–94
criteria for diagnosis of gender dysphoria,94–
95, 95–96, 97,
98criteria for diagnosis of transvestic disorder,100–
101Dilation, of neovagina,285
Dillon, Michael,35–36, 237, 267
Discrimination, public statement of American Psychiatric Association on,71,
93Dissociative disorders,137, 158.
See also Plurality
Documentation, and clinic management,53
Domestic or intimate partner violence,122
Dosage, of testosterone,206
Drag queens,101–103, 280
Dysphoria, use of term,97
Eads, Robert,61, 184
Education.
See also Psychoeducation
advocacy and,62, 70–71
as responsibility of mental health professionals,308–309
Elagabalus (Roman Emperor),32
Elbe, Lili,35, 282
Electrolysis,217, 283
Electronic health recordsgender marker changes and,79
management of clinics and,51–53
Ellis, Havelock,34
Emergency departments, and advocacy for TGNC people,64–67
Endocrinologists, referrals to by clinics,55–56.
See also Hormones, and hormone therapy
Entertainment, and drag queens,102, 103
Eon de Beaumont, Le Chevalier de,32, 34
Erickson Education Foundation,36
Erickson, Reed,36
Erickson-Schroth, Laura,103
Erythrocytosis,206
Estrogen.
See also Hormones, and hormone therapy
effects of on body,216–221
effects of on mind,221–222
forms of,222–223
informed consent and,223
lack of access to therapy with,216
monitoring of,222,
223mood changes and,118, 221
physical effects of,216
timing of effects of,217, 218
Evaluation, and mental health care,114, 137–138
Evolution, and development of breasts,250
Eyes and eyebrows, and transfeminine facial feminization,297–209
Faceestrogen and hair on,217–218
gender and automatic labeling of,294,
295gender stereotypes and,18–19,
22,
201transfeminine facial feminization and,296–299
transmasculine body procedures and masculinization of,300, 301
Fa‘fafine, and cultural views of gender,103
False self, and transitioning,134
Familychallenges of working with,143–144
children and transitioning of parent,149–150
families of choice and,144–145
listing of as contacts on registration forms,51
meaning of word,143
mental health care and,114, 122
parents and,145–147, 149–150
partners and,147–149
transitioning and,133
trauma in TGNC patients and,122
Fatfeminine body procedures and,299
hormone therapy and,202, 219
Fear, of emergency departments byTGNC people,64
Femininitybreasts as signal of,249
women of trans experience and,280
Fenway Health (Boston),38
Fertility.
See also Pregnancy
breasts as symbol of,249,
250hormone therapy and,204–205, 222
penile inversion technique and,283
Focus, testosterone use and ability to,205
Forehead, and transfeminine facial feminization,298
Form letters, for gender marker changes,79,
80Free-flap phalloplasty,267–270
Free nipple graft technique, of transmasculine top surgery,239,
242Freud, Sigmund,173–174
Front desk staff, of clinics,47,
48Fronting, and plurality,160, 161
Galactorrhea,253
Gay and Lesbian Medical Association (GLMA),38, 70
Gender.
See also Gender dysphoria; Gender identity; Gender spectrum
assignment of at birth,17, 24–25, 52
automatic labeling of face and,294,
295chest as signal for,233,
234as distinct from sex,18,
19stereotypes of,18–20, 111, 119,
201Gender-affirming procedures.
See also Hormones; Mental health care; Surgery
feminine body procedures and,299–300
predicting poor outcomes of,136
plurality and,162
transfeminine facial feminization and,296–299
transmasculine body procedures and,300–301
writing letters of support for,82
Gender bending,5
Gender binary,10, 21–22
Gender diversity, prevalence of,26–27.
See also Gender spectrum
Gender dysphoriain case examples,80–81, 113, 265, 270, 286, 287
clinician-patient relationship and diagnosis of,104–105
controversy on inclusion of in DSM-5,91, 92–94
criteria for diagnosis of,94–
95, 95–96, 100–103
discomfort with body and,170–171
gender marker changes and,79
gender variance versus diagnosis of,91–94
genetics and,103
history of,96–97
hormonal explanations for,103–104
hormone treatment and,198
insurance companies and coverage of treatment,117
interview questions for diagnosis of,105–106
plurality and,161
presence of phallus and,261
societal explanations for,104
use of term in context,9
voice and symptoms of,300
Gender identity.
See also Gender; Gender spectrum
acceptance of patients’ by mental health professionals,307
discussion of as part of initial medical exam,52
documentation and patient ambivalence about,53
emergency departments and,65
gender marker changes and,78–79
origins of term,35
room assignments in hospitals and,63–64
Gender identity disorder (GID),97,
98,
99, 198
Gender incongruence,91
Gender marker changesletter writing in support of,78–82
paperwork requirements for,54
prisons and,69
Gender revolution, of mid-twentieth century,36–37
Gender roles.
See also Stereotypes
diagnosis of gender dysphoria and,96
first use of term,37
Gender spectrum.
See also Gender diversity; Gender identity
binary and nonbinary,21–22
cisnormality and,24–25
history of study of,33–34
importance of understanding,27
misgendering and,24
patients and,20–21
pronouns and,21, 22–24
sexual orientation and,25–26
Genetics, and gender dysphoria,103
Gillies, Harold,35, 267
Gillies technique, of phalloplasty,267
Glansplasty,270
GLMA.
See Gay and Lesbian Medical Association
Granulomas, and breast implants,253
Group therapy,54–55, 118–119
Gynecology, and gynecologistsprimary health care and,189
referral to by clinics,56
Gynecomastia,238
Hair, and hairline.
See also Electrolysis
estrogen and,216–218
testosterone and,199–200
transfeminine facial feminization and,299
transmasculine body procedures and,300, 301
Handouts, on clinic policies,48
Hart, Alan,36
Headspace, and plurality,160
Health care, for TGNC people.
See also Access to care; Cancer; Clinics; Electronic health records; Emergency departments; HIV; Hormones; Hospitals; Primary care physicians; Surgery
general screenings and,185–187
history of,35–36
physical examination and,185
role of mental health professionals in,189–190
sexual health and HIV,187–189
Hermaphrodite,24, 100
Hips, and implants,299, 301
Hirschfeld, Magnus,34, 35
Historyof gender diverse people,32–39
of gender dysphoria,96–97
HIVprimary health care and,187–189
sharing needles or doses of testosterone and risk of,198
Homelessness and homeless shelters,67–69
Homophobia,280.
See also Transphobia
Homosexuality, in earlier editions of DSM,92,
93.
See also Sexual orientation
Hooker, Evelyn,92
Hormones, and hormone therapy.
See also Endocrinologists; Estrogen; Spironolactone; Testosterone
continuation of in hospitals,64
gender dysphoria and,103–104
psychoactive medications and,117–118
transitioning and,131–132
Hospitals.
See also Emergency departments; Health care
advocacy for TGNC people in,62–64
gender marker documentation and,79
Housing, and referrals to social services by clinics,54, 56.
See also Homelessness
Human Rights Campaign (HRC),38–39
Impartiality, in mental health care,115–117
Implantsbreast augmentation and,252–253
facial masculinization and,300
feminine body procedures and,299
Informed consent, for hormone therapy,208, 223
Institute of Sexology (Germany),34
Insurance companiesaccess to care and,184
advocacy and,61–62
breast augmentation and,251
diagnosis of gender dysphoria and,117
gender marker changes and,50, 79
hormone therapy and,219
letters of support for treatment and,79, 82, 84
transfeminine bottom surgery and,279
Internalized transphobia,119–120, 121
International Classification of Diseases (ICD),91–92,
99, 198
Internet, and sites for posting of information on experiences with health care providers,45
Intersex, and assignment of gender,24–25, 78, 100
Interview questions, for diagnosis of gender dysphoria,105–106
Intramuscular administration, of hormone treatment,206, 222
Isolation, and mental health care,123
Jaw, and transfeminine facial feminization,298–299
Joan of Arc,32
Johnson, Marsha P.,37
Jones, Grace,38
Jorgensen, Christine,36
Kink, and sexuality,175
Kinsey, Alfred,19
Language.
See Names; Pronouns; Terminology
Leaders, of group therapy,55
Legal issuesgender marker changes and,79
letters of support for surgery and,84
name changes and,80
referral to services by clinics,56
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer/questioning.
See LGBTQ people
Letter writingcapacity evaluations and,82–83
as critical part of treatment,13
for gender marker change,78–82
support for surgery and,83–84
LGBT Health (journal),38
LGBTQ people.
See also TGNC people
acceptance of in mainstream media,38
centers, and support groups,119
increase in services to,38–39
nontraditional relationships involving,173
political and social backlash against,37
queer-oriented bars and social life of,121
Stonewall Riots and history of,37
use of acronym in context of current volume,9
Libido, and testosterone treatment,204
Lips, and transfeminine facial feminization,298
Lithium,117
Lyon-Martin Health Services (San Francisco),38
Magazines, in waiting rooms of clinics,49–50
Major depression, in case examples,115–116, 252, 265.
See also Depression
Mania,62–63, 205
Mastectomy,237
Mazzoni Center (Philadelphia),38
McGinn, Christine,38
McWilliams, Nancy,112
Media, growing presence of gender diverse people in,4, 5
Medicaid,38
Medications, prescription of psychoactive,117–118.
See also Prescriptions
Menstruation, and testosterone treatment,203
Mental health care.
See also Clinics; Group therapy; Mental health professionals; Mental illness; Patients; Psychoanalysis
competent physical health care and,186
countertransference and,120
cultural stereotypes of gender and,111
impartiality in individual therapy and,115–117
internalized transphobia and,119–120
isolation and,123
mental health resources and,119
mind and body in,114–115
prescription of medications and,117–118
resilience and,123
ruling out of physical diagnoses and,183
shame and,122
starting treatment and,113–114
substance use and,121
suicide and,121
trauma and,122–123
violence and,121–122
Mental health professionals.
See also Mental health care; Patients; Therapists
acceptance of patients’ gender identities by,307
access to care and,308
advice for,15–16
advocacy and role of,12–13, 61, 308
automatic thoughts and,21
awareness of own sex, gender, and sexuality by,168
case managers and advocacy,67
diagnosis of gender dysphoria and relationship with patients,104–105
education as responsibility of,308–309
exploration of self,17
LGBTQ topics and training of,70
primary health care and,189–190
use of term therapist,10
Mental illness.
See Bipolar disorder; Gender dysphoria; Major depression; Mental health care; Mental health professionals; Obsessive-compulsive disorder; Personality disorders; Posttraumatic stress disorder; Psychosis; Schizophrenia
Mental status exam, and capacity evaluation,83
Metoidioplasty, and transmasculine bottom surgery,265–266
Minddiscussions of sexuality and,172
effects of hormone therapy on,204–206, 221–222
Misgendering, and gender spectrum,24
Money, John,36–37
Monitoring, of hormone therapy,206,
207, 222,
223Mood changes, and hormone therapy,118, 221
Morley, Angela,33
Muscles, and hormone therapy,200, 202, 218
Names, of TGNC peopleemergency rooms and,65
gender marker changes and changes of,80
hospitals and,63
mental health care and,114
paperwork requirements for change of,54
use of on clinic paperwork,50–51,
52Narcotics Anonymous (NA),119
National Alliance of the Mentally Ill (NAMI),144
Neighborhoods, safety of for TGNC people,46
Neovagina, and transfeminine bottom surgery,283–284, 285, 286
New York Daily News (newspaper),36
Nose, and transfeminine facial feminization,297
Obsessive-compulsive disorder,137
Omnisexual, use of term,172
Orbital rim contouring, of eyes,297
Orchiectomy,283
Out (magazine),49
Packers, and alternatives to transmasculine bottom surgery,263,
264Pain, and vaginal dilation,285
Pansexual, use of term,25, 172
Parents, and families of TGNC people,145–147
Partners, and families of TGNC people,147–149
Patients.
See also Health care; Mental health care; Names; Pronouns
acceptance of gender identities by mental health professionals,307
diagnosis of gender dysphoria and relationship with clinicians,104–105
finding of clinics by,44–45
gender spectrum and,20–21
increase in number of transgender at clinics,44use of term in context,8–9
Pectoral implants,301
Penile inversion technique, and transfeminine bottom surgery,279, 282–285, 287–288
Penis, and tucking,280–281.
See also Transfeminine bottom surgery
Periareolar technique, of transmasculine top surgery,238
Personality disorders,131, 160–161
Personality structures, and dissociations,158
Phalloplasty, and transmasculine bottom surgery,267–272
Phallus, gender dysphoria and presence of,261
Physical abuse, in case example,158.
See also Sexual abuse; Violence
Physical examinationprimary health care and,185
testosterone treatment and,206
Plastic surgery, and transm-2asculine top surgery,237
Pluralitydissociative identity disorder and,157
fronting and blending,160, 161
gender dysphoria and,161
headspace and,160
open and closed systems of,159–160
patient-centered approach to,162
personality disorders and,160–161
psychosis and,160
Police, and safety issues for clinics,46–47
Polyamorous relationships, and sexuality,173
Posttraumatic stress disorder, in case examples,65–66, 158, 287
Potassium, and spironolactone,224
Pregnancy, in case example,188–189.
See also Fertility
“Pre-op,” use of term,280
Prescriptions, electronic forms of,53.
See also Medications
Pride flag stickers, on clinic doors or in waiting room,48–49
Primary care.
See Health care
Primary care physiciansprescription of testosterone by,198
referral to by clinics,55
Prince, Virginia,31, 33, 97
Prisons, and advocacy for TGNC people,69
Progesterone,224.
See also Hormones, and hormone therapy
Pronounsclinic signage about importance of,49
patient records and,52use of to address patients,21, 22–24, 47, 114
Prostate, and hormone therapy,219–220
Psychiatric symptoms, and testosterone use,205.
See also Mental illness
Psychiatrists, and referrals by clinics,55
Psychoanalysis,34–35
Psychoeducation, and internalized transphobia,120.
See also Education
Psychological consequencesof lack of access to hormone treatment,198
of transitioning,131–132
Psychosisdecisions on transitioning or detransitioning and,137
plurality and,160
testosterone use and,205
Puberty suppression,132
Pumping parties, and transfeminine top surgery,251–252
Questions, and interviews for diagnosis of gender dysphoria,105–106
Recovery plan, and letters of support for surgery,83
Referrals, and clinic management,55–56
Registration forms, and gender options,50,
51Reimer, David,37
Repetition, of topics in current volume,10
Resilience, and mental health care,123
Richards, Renée,33
Richter, Dorchen,35
Rivera, Sylvia,37
Room assignments, in hospitals,63–64
Safety.
See also Violence
of clinics,45–47
emergency departments and,65
suicidal ideation and plans for,121
Saline, and breast implants,252, 253
Samoa, and cultural perspectives on gender,103
Scarring, from transmasculine surgery,242, 268–269
Schizophreniain case examples,67–68, 112–113
testosterone use and,205
Security guards, at hospitals and clinics,46
Self-disclosure, as form of advocacy,62
Semicircular technique, of transmasculine top surgery,238
Sex, as distinct from gender,18,
19Sexual abuse.
See also Physical abuse
in case examples,65–66, 158
primary health care and,188
Sexuality.
See also Sexual orientation
asexuality and,173–174
body and,170–172
communication and,174–175
discussions about sex and,168
diversity of,169–170, 172–173
kink and,175
polyamorous relationships and,173
sexualization of trans women and,280
use of words and establishment of trust,168, 169
Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs),187–188
Sexual orientationattraction of cis men to women of trans experience,280
diversity in,170
gender spectrum and,25–26
testosterone use and,205–206
Shame, and mental health care,122
Sheltersadvocacy and,67–69
referral to by clinics,56
Signage, for clinics,47–50
Silicone, and breast augmentation,251, 252, 253
Skinhormone therapy and,203, 219
transfeminine bottom surgery and grafts,286–288
Social history, and mental health care,114
Social media, and gender options,50
Social services, clinics and paperwork requirements for,53–54
Social supports.
See also Support groups
contacts listed on registration forms and,51
information on in clinic flyers,48
Societal explanations, for gender dysphoria,104
Southern Comfort (documentary film),184
Spack, Norman,39
Sperm production, and estrogen therapy,222
Spironolactone.
See also Hormones, and hormone therapy
combined treatment with estrogen,216, 223
lithium and,117
as testosterone blocker,215, 223–224
Stand-to-pee (STP) devices,262–263
Standards of Care.
See World Professional Association for Transgender Health (WPATH)
Stateslaws on gender marker changes and,79
letters of support for surgery and,84
Steinach, Eugen,34
Stereotypes, and gender,18–20, 111, 119,
201Steroids.
See Testosterone
Stickers, with pronouns,49
Stoller, Robert,35
Stonewall Riots (1969),37
Strap-ons, as alternative to transmasculine bottom surgery,262–265
Street Transvestite Action Revolutionaries (STAR),37
Substance use, and mental health care,121.
See also Alcohol abuse
Suicide, and suicidal ideationin case example,158
decisions on transitioning and detransitioning,137
frequency of in TGNC population,112, 121
unsupportive families and,147
Support groups,56, 118, 119.
See also Social supports
Surgery, and surgical procedures.
See also Transfeminine bottom surgery; Transfeminine top surgery; Transmasculine bottom surgery; Transmasculine top surgery
history of,35–36
lack of training of surgeons in vaginoplasty,279
letters of support for,83–84
referrals to surgeons by clinics,56
T-anchor technique, of transmasculine top surgery,238–239,
241Terminology.
See also Names; Pronouns
clinic documentation and,53
sexuality and use of,169, 172–173
use of terms in context of current volume,8–10
use of term transgender,24
Testicleshormone therapy and,219
practice of tucking and,280–281
Testosterone.
See also Hormones, and hormone therapy
access to care and,198–199
effects of on body,199–204
enlargement of clitoris and,203, 265
estrogen therapy and decrease in,221–222
forms of,206, 208
hospitals and cessation of,64
informed consent and,208
monitoring of,206
pregnancy and,188, 189
reasons for medicinal treatment with,197–198
spironolactone as blocker of,215, 223–224
timing of effects of,200, 201
understanding of risks and benefits of,199
TGNC people.
See also Access to care; Advocacy; Clinics; Family; Gender spectrum; Health care; History; Hormones; LGBTQ people; Mental health care; Patients; Sexuality; Surgery; Transitioning
negative experiences of with health care professionals,45
population of in U.S.,27
prevalence of depression, anxiety, substance abuse, HIV, trauma, and suicide in,112
public awareness of,3
responsibilities of mental health professionals to,307–309
suicide attempts and completion by,121
use of acronym in context,9
working with as opportunity,11–12
Therapists.
See also Mental health professionals
referrals by clinics to,55
use of word as substitute for practitioner,9–10
Throuple,173
Tipton, Billy,33
Top surgery.
See Transfeminine top surgery; Transmasculine top surgery
Tracheal shave, and Adam’s apple,299
Transamorous, use of term,173
Transdermal administration, of hormone treatment,208, 222
Transfeminine bottom surgerybrief history of,282
colon graft and,286
nongenital skin grafts and,286–288
no surgery as alternative to,280–282
penile inversion technique and,282–285
Transfeminine facial feminization,296–299
Transfeminine hormones.
See Hormones, and hormone therapy
Transfeminine top surgerybreast augmentation and,252–255
pumping parties and,251–252
Transgender.
See also TGNC people
association of word with mental illness,92
detransitioning and,135–136
first use of term,97
Transgender and gendernonconforming people.
See TGNC people
Transgender Health (journal),38
Transitioningcase example of,132–134
concept of,129–130
effect of on children,149–150
hormone treatment and,131–132
trauma and coping strategies,137–138
Transmasculine body procedures,300–301
Transmasculine bottom surgeryexploration of options,261–263
metoidioplasty and,265–266
no surgery as alternative to,262–265
phalloplasty and,267–272
Transmasculine hormones.
See Hormones; Testosterone
Transmasculine top surgerycase example of,235–236, 239–240, 242–243
no surgery as option,236–237
surgical follow-up and,241–243
types of,237–240
Transphobiagroup therapy and,55
mental health care and internalized,119–120, 121
Transsexualism,98, 99
Transvestic disorder, DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for,100–
101Transvestite, introduction of term,34
Transvestitism,98,
99, 100–103
Traumamental health care and,122–123
plurality and,161, 162
sexuality and,174
TGNC people in prisons and,69
transitioning and,137–138
Tube-within-a-tube technique, and phalloplasty,269
Tucking, of penis and testicles,280–281
Tummy tuck,299
Ulrichs, Karl Heinrich,33–34, 96
United States Association for Transgender Health (USPATH),38
Urethrapenile inversion technique and,283
phalloplasty and,269–270
Urethroplasty,265
Vagina.
See also Neovagina
effects of testosterone treatment on,203
transmasculine bottom surgery and vaginectomy,271
Vaginoplasty, and transfeminine bottom surgery,279.
See also Penile inversion technique
Violence, mental health care and risk of,121–122.
See also Safety; Trauma
Voice, and vocal chordsfeminine body procedures and,300
hormone therapy and,203, 219
Vulvoplasty,284
Waiting room, of clinic,47, 48
Weightlifting, and body masculinization,301
Williams Institute,27
Woman of trans experience, use of term,53
Word choices, use of terms in context of current volume,8–10
Word of mouth, as method for finding clinics,45, 48
World Professional Association for Transgender Health (WPATH),36, 69–70, 77, 78, 82, 131, 144, 208
Ze and zir, as pronouns,23
