Page numbers printed in boldface type refer to tables.
AA (Alcoholics Anonymous),240, 372
Abstinence, from alcohol and substance use,110, 237, 246
Accumulative risk factor hypothesis,242–243
Active listening,63–64, 277
Acute mania,186, 200,
205.
See also Bipolar disorder; Mania
Addiction,239, 246.
See also Substance use disorders
Advicein correctional settings,337–338
ethical issues,402–403
guidelines,337–338,
339principles of,87–88
schizophrenia and,153–154
Advocacyas case management duty,150, 357–358
ethics of,407, 416–417
for suicide prevention,284
Affect control strategies,92–93
Agoraphobia,226–227
Akathisia,170
Alcoholics Anonymous (AA),240, 372
Alcohol use and alcoholismabstinence,110, 237
co-occurring disordersanxiety disorders,244–245,
245bipolar disorder,244
borderline personality disorder (BPD),257–258
case vignette,238–239
depression,244
mental health diagnosis difficulties with,238–239
overview,236–237
schizophrenia,150–151, 241–243,
243in crisis patients,279
depression and,238, 244
Freud on,246
mania symptoms and,238
medication nonadherence and,384
supportive groups for,240–241
supportive psychotherapy forabstinence and,237
advice,337
confrontation and,239–240
detoxification and,110, 113
goal setting,237
Alexander, F.,19, 21
American Medical Association (AMA) ethical code,396,
398American Psychiatric Association (APA)Cultural Formulation Interview,397
ethical code,396
Ethics Committee,409
religion guidelines,415
Amphetamines,238
Amputations,311
Anosognosia,386
Anticipation of failure,60
Anticipatory unlinking,101–102
Antidepressant medicationadherence issues,384
for histrionic personality disorder (HPD),265
medication facilitation,195–196
for panic disorder,226
for persistent depressive disorder,199
for schizophrenia with depressive symptoms,167
side effects,389–390
Antiphon,18
Antipsychotic medicationcase vignettes,135–136, 171–172
for command hallucinations,159
for delusions,163
development of,388
guidelines,171–173,
174for ideas of reference,164
nonadherence,135–136
for premonitory symptoms,172
for schizophrenia,159, 163, 169–173,
174side effects,150, 279, 388–389
suicide and,279
supportive psychotherapy integration with,169–173
Antisocial personality disorder (ASPD),206, 254–255, 334
Anxiety disordersagoraphobia,226–227
cancer and,314–315
cognitive-behavioral therapy for,15, 98–100,
99, 101, 222, 228–229
generalized anxiety disorder (GAD),215, 220–223
obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD),215, 227–229.
See also Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
overview,213–214,
214–
215, 219–220
panic disorder,215, 225–227
specific phobias,14–15,
215, 223–225, 227
substance use disorders and,244–245,
245supportive psychotherapy foranxiety level assessment,214–216
building skills,218
effectiveness,14–15
empathy and,216, 226
framing and reframing,216–217
with medication integration,217, 219
praise,218–219
realistic optimism,217–218, 226
resources and,218
strength assessment,218
universalizing,217
APA.
See American Psychiatric Association
APD (avoidant personality disorder),255–256, 263
Asylum seekerscase vignettes,338, 340
in correctional settings,338, 340
ethical issues,407–408, 416–417
Attunement,65–66
Automatic thoughts and images,100, 100–101,
Avoidant personality disorder (APD),255–256, 263
Benzodiazepines,226
Bereavement, grief, and mourningcase vignette,289
institutional transference and,289–290
for loss of a child,291–292
of older patients,324–325
overview,288–289
schizophrenia and,168
of suicide survivors,287–288
supportive psychotherapy for,185,
290unresolved,290–291
Bibring, E.,22
Bipolar disorderacute mania,186, 200,
205borderline personality disorder (BPD) similarity,258
case vignette,206
cognitive-behavioral therapy for,17, 200
comorbid illnesses and personality issues,205–207
hospitalization for,200, 203
interpersonal and social rhythm therapy (IPSRT) for,200, 204–205
manic states,186, 200–205,
205medication adherence and,386
relapse prevention strategies,204–205, 207
remission,204–205, 206–207
substance use and,238
substance use disorders and,243–244
supportive psychotherapy effectiveness,15, 17, 200
Blame, externalization of,78–79
Bloch, S.,20
Body image issuescancer and,311, 315
case vignette,312–314
supportive psychotherapy for,312–314
Borderline personality disorder (BPD)bipolar disorder symptom similarity,258
case management of,358–359
case vignettes,78, 141, 257–258, 360
DSM-5 criteria,257
medical illness reactions and,306–307
medicationsmessages,379
nonadherence causes,386
therapist-prescriber split for,358, 360, 382
splitting and,358, 360, 382
substance use disorders and,257–258
supportive psychotherapy forcountertransference and,40, 113
defense interpretations,75
dream interpretations,78
patient exclusion criteria,113
symptoms and presentation,256–257
treatment comparisons,17, 22,
186, 257–258
Boredomin correctional settings,340
of patients,214, 340
of therapist,43
Boston Psychotherapy Study,14
BPD.
See Borderline personality disorder
Breast cancer,311, 315
Burke, T.,347–348
Burnoutcountertransference burnout,44–46,
45–
46, 175,
176family burnout,369, 371–372
prevention of,357, 371–372
professional burnout,43–46, 321
stigma of,321
Caffeine,220, 223, 225
Cancer,311, 314–316
Caplan, Gerald,277–278
Case management dutiescase vignettes,361, 362
ethical issues,407, 417
external interfaces,356coordination and continuity of care,363
discharge planning,363
family involvement,363–365
outside service coordination,361–362
peer group support,372
supportive family counseling,365–372,
367,
369,
373.
See also Family psychoeducational approach
inside interfaces,356advocacy,150, 357–358
case presentations,357
opinion differences,358–361
patient selection and assignment,355–356
treatment planning and coordination,356–357
overview,353–354
splittinginteragency,362
interpersonal,358–361
therapist-prescriber,381, 381–383
Clarification,50–
51, 68–69
Clinician Survivors Task Force,287
Cocaine,15–16, 238, 245–246
Cochrane Collaborative,14, 148–149
Cognitive-behavioral therapyfor agoraphobia,226
for anxiety disorders,15, 98–100,
99, 101, 222, 228–229
for bipolar disorder,17, 200
cognitive restructuring, as direct intervention,86, 98–102,
99–
101for depression,98,
99, 184,
190,
193, 199
with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD),221–223
for intellectually disabled patients,347
negative outcomes in,9
for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD),228–229
for panic disorder,225, 226
for schizophrenia,149, 156
for specific phobias,224–225
supportive therapist’s use of,8,
86Cognitive restructuringfor anxiety disorders,98–100,
99, 101, 222, 228–229
for depression,98,
99as direct intervention,86, 98–102,
99–
101Command hallucinations,159, 279
Communicative techniquesadjustments to,121–122
case vignette,64–65
for hallucinations,157
with medically ill patients,304
principles of,62–66
transference management,49, 52
types of,50Compliments and praise,104–105
Compulsions,227–229
Confrontationsalternatives to,129, 135–136
anxiety disorders and,244–245
case vignettes,67–68, 135–136
defined,66–67
of delusions,160–162
effectiveness of,137
of hidden issues,135–136
with medically ill patients,304
principles of,66–68, 69
schizophrenia and,242,
243substance use disorders and,239–240, 242,
243, 244–245
in supportive context,31, 33
types of,50, 67–68
Congenital disfigurements,312–314
Consultation-liaison medicine,301–302
Contamination by personal needs,414
Controlled breathing (relaxation technique),221
Co-occurring disordersof intellectually disabled patients overview,345–346
supportive techniques for,346–349
of substance use disordersanxiety,244–245,
245bipolar disorder,243–244
case vignette,238–239
cocaine use,245–246
confrontation and,239–240, 242,
243, 244–245
depression,243–244, 246
goals and objectives,241,
242mental health diagnosis difficulties and,238–239
overview,235–238
relapse prevention strategies,246–247
schizophrenia,150–151, 241–243,
243supportive groups for,240–241
terminology for,239
Coping behaviorsborderline personality disorder (BPD) and,75
in crisis situations,277, 282
with disfigurements,312–314
explanatory techniques for,59,
60faith-based coping skills,337–338, 399
in medically ill patients,300–303
schizophrenia and,59,
60substitutions for,103
suicide and,282
Correctional settingsadvice and,337–338,
339case vignettes,337, 338–340, 341
disciplinary process input,338–340
ethical issues,340–341
overview,333–336
posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and,338–340
serious mental illness (SMI) patients in,336–338
special requests handling in,342
telepsychiatry,342, 345
therapist activities in,342,
343–
344Counter-identification,358–359
Counterprojectioncase vignette,80
interpretations and,79–80
Countertransferencecauses of,41–
42in correctional settings,335
with dependent personality disorder (DPD),268–269
depression and,196
limit setting and,90, 91
with older patients,326–327
with paranoid personality disorder,262
with schizophrenia,174–175
in supportive relationship,39–43,
41–
42termination of care and,127
Crisis managementfor bereavement, grief, and mourningcase vignette,289
institutional transference and,289–290
of life-threatening illnesses,307–312
loss of a child,291–292
overview,288–289
supportive agenda for,289–290,
290unresolved,290–291
crisis, defined,275
crisis intervention, defined,276
for current supportive therapy patient,278–280
defined,276
overview,276–277
for suicideno-harm contracts,284–286
predicting suicidality,281–282
prevention,284–286
risk factors,282,
283in schizophrenia patients,169
statistics,281
support for suicide survivors,287–288
support for therapists,287–288
therapeutic agendas,282–284,
285, 286–287
warning signs,282,
283time-limited crisis support,277–278
Cultural awarenesscountertransference and,41culture, defined,397
ethical issues,407–408, 418
overview,397–400, 419–420
Cultural Formulation Interview,397
Current life reports,63
Defense interpretations,74–75, 304
Defense substitution,103–104, 137
Delirium,299, 300
Delusions,38, 159–163
Dementia,299, 328, 386
Dementia praecox,40
Denialanosognosia and,386
case vignette,68–69
confrontation of,67
defined,386
of medical illnesses,94, 304, 310
of medication nonadherence,386
of mental illness diagnosis,203, 207, 368–369, 386
of psychotic episodes,164–166
of substance use disorders,110, 244–245
Dependence (addiction),239, 246
Dependency (therapeutic)countertransference and,42crisis management and,289–290
dependent personality disorder and,268–269
depression and,196
ethical issues,408–409, 415
families and,197–198
institutional transference and,289–290
medical illness and,312
patient autonomy and,408–409
precautions,33, 39
therapy termination and,125
Dependent personality disorder (DPD),267–269
Depressionbereavement and,288
of cancer patients,314–315
chronic states of,198–199
cognitive-behavioral therapy for,98,
99, 184,
190,
193, 199
co-occurring disorders and,243, 244, 246, 347–348
delirium differentiation,299
histrionic personality disorder (HPD) and,265
in medically ill patients,199
narcissistic personality disorder (NPD) and,259
in older patients,327–328
panic disorders and,227
remission,198
schizophrenia and,167–169,
170somatic complaints and,194
stimulant withdrawal and,238
substance use disorders and,243, 244, 247
suicide and,195, 197, 282
supportive psychotherapy fordependency management,196
effectiveness of,15, 110,
192family involvement,197–198
guilt, addressing,196
improvement acknowledgment,197
loss, addressing,196–197
medication facilitation,195–196.
See also Antidepressant medication
patient selection,188, 194,
193–
194reassurances,194–195
strategies,185,
187, 187–188
therapy comparisons,184,
185, 187–188,
189–
192Detention centers,335.
See also Correctional settings
Dewald, P.A.,22
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (American Psychiatric Association)borderline personality disorder (BPD) description,257
Cultural Formulation Interview,397
culture, defined,397
dependent personality disorder (DPD) description,267
histrionic personality disorder (HPD) criteria,264
narcissistic personality disorder (NPD) description,258–259
obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (OCPD) description,259
personality disorder categorization,253
schizophrenia criteria,147
Dichotomy of personality, induced,81
Direct interventionsadvicein correctional settings,337–338
ethical issues,402–403
guidelines,337–338,
339principles of,87–88
schizophrenia and,153–154
affect control strategies,92–93
case vignettes,97, 102
cognitive restructuring,86, 98–102,
99,
100,
101diversions and,103–104
educating patients,93–95
effectiveness of,136–137, 140
explicit direction,88,
89homework,102–103, 348
impulse control strategies,92–93
individualized interventions,117
for intellectually disabled patients,348
limit setting,88–92, 130, 202
overview,85–86,
86permission giving,88
phasing-in interventions,117
praise and compliments,104–105
scheduling and goal setting,97–98
self-management skills,118
social skills training,95,
96substitutes,103–104, 137
suggestion,87
supportive family counseling,365–372,
367,
369,
373transference manifestations,102
work and work skills,95–97
Disease model of mental illness,80, 195, 197, 217
Displaced interpretationscase vignettes,74, 80
principles of,73–74, 78–80
Distortions of realitycase vignette,58
principles of,57–58
Distributive psychotherapy,129
Dix, Dorothea,336
Double-awareness,160, 162–164,
163,
165DPD (dependent personality disorder),267–269
Draper, E.,20
Dream interpretationscase vignette,78
principles of,77–78,
79Drugs.
See Medications; Substance use disorders
DSM-5.
SeeDiagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (American Psychiatric Association)
Dual agentry,414
Dual diagnoses.
See Co-occurring disorders
Dwight, Louis,336
Dysthymic conditions and states,185, 198–199
Echoing,64–66, 129, 136–137
Ego strength,16
Emotionally attuned listening,62–63
Emotional tone,130
Empathyanxiety disorders and,216, 226
co-occurring disorders and,242with older patients,325–236
principles of,122–123
schizophrenia and,163–164
Entitlement management,39
Erotic dreams,77–78
ERP (exposure and response prevention),224–225, 228–229
Ethical issuescase vignette,341
in correctional settings,340–341
ethics, defined,396
legal issues and,395–397
limiting guidelinesadvocacy and,416–417
cultural awareness,418
honesty,412–413
non-allowable goals,410–411
patient’s autonomy,11, 408–409
right to refuse treatment,411–412
therapist’s self-understanding,413–416,
416,
417overview,395–397, 419–420
permissive guidelineson advice,402–403
advocacy and,407
cultural awareness and,407–408
for goal setting,403–405
incidental gratifications,406
therapeutic influence,400–402
professional ethics codes,396,
398,
399for termination of care,127
Exercise (physical),103, 166–167, 223
Existential crises,76, 278, 279
Explanatory techniquescase vignettes,58, 64–65, 67–68, 74, 78, 80
clarification as,50–
51, 68–69
communicative techniques asadjustments to,121–122
managing the transference and,49, 52
principles of,62–66
types of,50confrontation principles,66–68, 69.
See also Confrontations
for coping behaviors,59,
60.
See also Coping behaviors
counterprojection,79–80
defense interpretations,74–75, 304
for depression in schizophrenia,167–168
displaced interpretations,73–74, 78–80
distortions of reality,57–58
dream interpretations,77–78,
79explanations,68–69
externalization of blame,78–79
induced dichotomy of personality,81
interpretation principles,68–71,
72.
See also Interpretations
levels of,49,
50–
51, 52
with medically ill patients,304
metaphors and similes,76–77, 121, 168, 195
pacing and timing,69–70
projection,79, 80
psychodynamic life narrative,80–81
for psychological defenses,54–56,
55for reality testing,52–53, 62.
See also Reality testing
for self-esteem enhancement,56, 59–62
upwards interpretation,71–73
Explicit direction,88,
89Exposure and response prevention (ERP),224–225, 228–229
Exposure exercises,222–225, 226, 228–229
Expressed emotion,66, 365–366
Extended evaluation,119
Externalization of blame,78–79
Faith-based coping skills,337–338, 399
Family psychoeducational approachfor agoraphobia,227
basis of,239
benefits,373for depression,197
goals and objectives,367importance of,364–365
for intellectually disabled patients,346
for manic patients,203
overview,363–364
for panic disorder,225
for schizophrenia,154–155,
156, 365–368,
367on stigma of mental health care,322
for suicide prevention,282
for supportive family-therapist relationship,365–372,
367,
369,
373for terminal illnesses,311–312
treatment stages,368–372,
369Framing,216–217
Frank, Jerome,30–31
French, T.M.,19, 21
Freud, Sigmund,19, 77, 246
Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD),215, 220–223
Generalizing (universalizing),73–74, 217
Genetic interpretations,71–73
Geriatrics.
See Older patients
Gifts,132–133, 152, 406
Gill, M.M.,19–20, 21–22
Glover, Edward,20
Goal settingwith alcoholism,237
case management and,361
with co-occurring disorders,241,
242ethical guidelines for,403–405, 410–411, 412–413
initiating therapy and,123
medication adherence,383
patient participation in,118
principles of,5, 10, 11–13,
12, 40, 52
realistic gains expectations,124
scheduling directives for,97–98
with substance use disorders,237
with terminal illnesses,311
Gorgias (Plato),18
Grief.
See Bereavement, grief, and mourning
Guidance (permission),88
Guiltblame for illness and,61, 71–73, 310–311, 370
depression and,196
medically ill patients and,310
Hallucinationscase vignette,158
command hallucinations,159, 279
normalization of,147–148
schizophrenia and,147–148, 157–159,
160therapeutic responses to,157–159,
160Hartmann, Heinz,20
Hidden issue excavationcase vignette,135–136
principles of,133–136,
134–
135Histrionic personality disorder (HPD)DSM-5 criteria,264
emotionality, exaggerated,264–265
immediate gratification,266–267, 306
manipulative behaviors,265–266
medication-therapy interactions,379
psychosis and,265
self-destructive actions,267
suicidality and,265
supportive psychotherapy techniques,264–267,
268,
309, 379
Homework,102–103, 348
HPD.
See Histrionic personality disorder
Imagery exposure,222, 223
Impulse control,92–93
Induced dichotomy of personality,81
Inexact interpretation,70, 71–73, 77
Insight-oriented therapy,305
Institutional insight,136
Intellectual disabilitiescase vignettes,337
in correctional settings,337
overview,345–346
supportive techniques for,346–349
Intellectualization,103
Intellectually disabled patientsoverview,345–346
supportive techniques for,346–349
Interpersonal and social rhythm therapy (IPSRT),200, 204–205
Interpersonal therapy,15, 187,
191,
193Interpretationscase vignettes,74, 80, 158
defense interpretations,74–75, 304
delivery of,50–
51, 70–71,
72displaced interpretations,73–74, 78–80
of distortions of reality,57–58
of dreams,77–78,
79genetic interpretations,71–73
of hallucinations,157–158
inexact interpretation,70, 71–73, 77
principles of,68–69,
72upwards interpretations,71–73
IPSRT (interpersonal and social rhythm therapy),200, 204–205
Jails,335.
See also Correctional settings
Jones, Ernest,20
Karasu, T.B.,188,
189–
192,
193–
194Kernberg, O.F.,16–17
Knight, R.P.,20
Levine, Maurice,21
Limit setting,88–92, 130, 202
Managing therapycase vignettes,120, 135–136, 138–140
changing modes of therapy,127–128
contracts and contingent agreements,121
costs,119
curveballs,130
gifts as,132–133, 152, 406
special settings and situations,131
diagnostic indications for supportive psychotherapy,111–
112directing the content,128–130
feedback,137–141
frequency and duration of sessions,118–121, 153
hidden issue excavation,133–136,
134–
135intervention effectiveness judgment,136–137
key therapist functions,121–124
patient selectioncriteria,109–113,
116for long-term therapy,113,
114for short-term therapy,113,
115phasesinitiating therapy,118–124,
119middle course,124–125
terminating,125–127
transitioning to new therapist,127
for schizophrenia,150
session dialogue,137–141
therapeutic slowdown,124–125,
126treatment planning,114–118
trial versus fixed plan,119
Mania.
See also Bipolar disorder
acute,186, 200,
205states of,186, 200–205,
205substance use and,238
therapeutic agenda,202, 203,
205treatment approaches,186MAOIs (monoamine oxidase inhibitors),389, 390
Masochistic (self-defeating) patients,196, 199, 306
Medical illness analogy (model),80, 195, 197, 217
Medically ill patientscancer,314–316
case vignette,312–314
considerations,300–301
denials of illness,94, 310
depression and,199
disfigurement,311, 312–314, 315
life-threatening illnesses,307, 310–312
overview,299–300
reactions to illnessespersonality types and,302–307
stages of adaption,305techniques for specific personality types,308–
309therapist do’s and don’ts,313types of,303with schizophrenia,150
substance use disorders confounding diagnosis of,238–239
supportive psychotherapy for,16, 301–302
Medicationsadherence tocase vignette,135–136
combined therapy,380–381, 390
hidden issues and,135–136
nonadherence management,386–387
nonadherence risk factors and causes,384–386
overview,383–384
right to refuse,383
strategies for improving,380,
385, 386–387
therapist-prescriber split and,382
for antisocial personality disorder (ASPD),254–255
for avoidant personality disorder,255–256
for depression,187.
See also Antidepressant medication
injections,382
for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD),228
for panic disorder,225, 226
side effects,387–390
suicidal patients guidelines,284,
285-therapy interactionscombined therapy and,219, 380–383, 390
ethical issues,400–402
facilitation of,196
guidelines,377–379,
380meanings, messages and effects of medications,217, 377–379,
378–
379,
380therapist-prescriber split,381, 381–382
Metaphors,76–77, 121, 168, 195
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs),389, 390
Mood disordersbipolar disorder,200–205.
See also Bipolar disorder
depression,184–199.
See also Depression
hallucinations and,147–148
overview,183–184,
185–
186supportive family counseling for,366,
367supportive psychotherapy for,183–184
Mourning.
See Bereavement, grief, and mourning
Narcissistic personality disorder (NPD),206, 258–259, 306,
308Narcotics Anonymous (NA),240
Neural diathesis-stress theory,242
Neurofibromatosis (case vignette),312–314
Nicotine,220, 225
Nightmares, repetitive,77
NPD (narcissistic personality disorder),206, 258–259, 306,
308Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD),215, 219–220, 227–229
Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (OCPD),259–260, 304–305
Older patientsadaptational responses of,321barriers to mental health care for,320–323
death and dying,328
dementia,328
depression and,327–328
geriatric psychotherapyempathy and,325–326
issues and concerns for,323–325
technique adaptions for,324transference and countertransference in,326–327
grief and bereavement by,324–325
overview,319–320
self-esteem of,324
suicide and,327–328
Palliative care,307–308, 310
Panic disorder,215, 225–227
Paranoid personality disordercase vignettes,58, 135–136
characteristics of,261–262
confrontation with,66
distortions of reality explanations,57–58
medical illness reactions and,306
medication nonadherence and,135–136
therapeutic techniques for,308Patient autonomy,11, 404–405, 408–409
Patient-therapist relationship.
See Supportive relationship
Peer group support.
See Supportive groups
Persistent depressive disorder (chronic depression),198–199
Personality disordersantisocial personality disorder (ASPD),206, 254–255, 334
avoidant personality disorder (APD),255–256, 263
borderline personality disorder (BPD),256–258.
See also Borderline personality disorder
case vignettes,58, 135–136
categorical models of,253, 254
dependent personality disorder (DPD),267–269
dimensional model of,253–254
externalization of blame,78–79
histrionic personality disorder (HPD),264–267,
268.
See also Histrionic personality disorder
masochistic (self-defeating) patients,196, 199, 306
medical illness reactions and,302–307,
308–
309narcissistic personality disorder (NPD),206, 258–259, 306,
308obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (OCPD),259–260, 304–305
overview,251–254
paranoid personality disorder,261–262, 306.
See also Paranoid personality disorder
schizoid personality disorder,263, 306,
309schizotypal personality disorder,260–261
self-defeating patients,154, 199, 306
supportive psychotherapy for,17, 269
Personal listening,62–63
Pharmacotherapy.
See Medications
Phobias.
See Agoraphobia; Specific (simple) phobias
Physical abuse,133–135
Physical exercise,103, 166–167, 223
Pine, Fred,65, 70–71
Pinsker, Henry,20, 22
Plato,18
Plussing,62
Postpsychotic depression,167
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD),77, 147–148, 338–340
Powerethical issues of,400–402
taxonomy of,400–401
Praecox feeling,40
Praise and compliments,104–105
Pregnancy,419
Premonitory symptoms,172
Principles of Medical Ethics (AMA),396
Principlism,404–405
Professional listening,63
Progressive muscle relaxation (relaxation technique),221
Projectioncase vignettes,58, 80
interpretations and,79, 80
paranoid distortions as,58
transference and,326
Projective identification,174–175, 358–359
Proverbs,76
Psychiatric consultation,301–302
Psychiatric residents,355, 387
Psychoanalysis,17, 22, 267
Psychodynamic life narrative,80–81
Psychodynamic psychotherapydefense interpretations,74–75
for depression,189effectiveness of,17
for intellectually disabled patients,347
for medically ill patients,188
patient selection criteria,113,
193short-term psychodynamic therapy,183–184
supportive therapy techniques used in,6
understanding of oneself through,267
Psychoeducation,239.
See also Family psychoeducational approach
PTSD (posttraumatic stress disorder),77, 147–148, 338–340
Realistic optimism,217–218, 226
Reality testingwith borderline personality disorder,358–359
double awarenesswith delusions,160, 162–163,
163with ideas of reference,165explanatory techniques for,52–53, 62
with mania,203
Reassuranceswith depression,194–195
for self-esteem enhancement,60–62
suggestions and,87
Reframing,216–217, 290
Reil, Johann Christian,18–19
Relaxation training,220–221
Religionethical issues and,415
faith-based coping skills,337–338, 339
religious competence,397–399
Repetitive nightmares,77
Restatements,64–66
Right to refuse treatment,383, 411–412
Rockland, L.H.,20–21, 22
Rogers, Carl,63–64
Rosenthal, R.,20
Rush, Benjamin,19
Schilder, Paul,21
Schizoid personality disorder,263, 306,
309Schizophreniaanosognosia and,386
anxiety and,151
case management of,150
case vignettes,67–68, 97, 152
cognitive-behavioral therapy for,149, 156
co-occurring disorders and,150–151, 241–243,
243coping behaviors and,59,
60countertransference and,40, 44, 174–175,
176depression and,167–169,
170DSM-5 criteria,147
gift acceptance and,132, 152
medicationsintegration with therapy,169–173,
174nonadherence risk factors and causes,385–386
premonitory symptoms and,172
side effects,388–389
substance use disorder and,150–151, 241–243,
243supportive family counseling,154–155,
156, 365–368,
367supportive psychotherapy fordifficulties with,173–175
effectiveness of,14, 148–150
family-therapist cooperation,154–155,
156frequency and duration of sessions,153
giving advice,153–154
in-session emphases,152–154
modeling and identifying with therapist,155–156
outside-of-session emphases,154–155
repetition,154
risks for patient,173–174,
176self-esteem enhancement,60–61
supportive relationship and,151–152,
153work and work skills,96–97
symptoms and therapeutic responsesdelusions and lack of self-awareness,38, 159–161,
163depression,167–169,
170hallucinations,147–148, 157–159,
160ideas of reference,163–164,
165lifestyle issues,166
metacognition (lack of),161–163
negative symptoms,166
overview,156–157
psychotic episode denials,164–166
Schizotypal personality disorder,260–261
Schlesinger, H.J.,22
Sectoring,128–129
Secular Organizations for Sobriety (SOS),240–241
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI),226, 389–390
Self-defeating (masochistic) patients,196, 199, 306
Self-esteemanxiety disorders and,101
depression and,196
enhancement techniques for,56, 59–62, 101
of family members,365, 371
hallucinations and,158
ideas of reference and,164
mood disorders’ effects on,185–
186of older patients,324
supportive groups and,227
Self-gratification,413–414
Self-medication theory,243, 244
Serotonin syndrome,389–390
Short-term psychodynamic therapy,183–184
Similes,76–77
Simple (specific) phobias,14–15,
215, 223–225, 227
Social rhythm therapy,200, 204–205
Social skills training,95,
96, 102–103, 155–156
Socrates,18
SOS (Secular Organizations for Sobriety),240–241
Special populationsin correctional settingscase vignettes,337, 338–340, 341
disciplinary process input,338–340
ethical issues,340–341
giving advice in,337–338,
339overview,333–336
posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and,338–340
serious mental illness (SMI) patients in,336–338
special requests handling and,342
telepsychiatry,342, 345
therapist activities in,342,
343–
344intellectually disabled patientsoverview,345–346
supportive techniques for,346–349
overview,339Specific (simple) phobias,14–15,
215, 223–225, 227
Splittingcase vignette,361
interagency,362
interpersonal,358–361
therapist-prescriber,381, 381–383
SSRI (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor),226, 389–390
Stigma, of mental health care,320–322
Stimulants.
See also Caffeine; Cocaine; Nicotine
depression and withdrawal from,238
generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and,220
mania with use of,238
panic disorder and,225
Strengths Model,361
Substance use disorders.
See also Alcohol use and alcoholism; Co-occurring disorders
antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) and,254
anxiety disorders and,244–245,
245borderline personality disorder (BPD) and,257–258
confrontation and,239–240, 242,
243, 244–245
co-occurring disorders ofanxiety,244–245,
245bipolar disorder,243–244
case vignettes,238–239
cocaine use,245–246
confrontation and,239–240, 242,
243, 244–245
depression,243, 244, 246
goals and objectives,241,
242mental health diagnosis difficulties with,238–239
overview,235–238
relapse prevention strategies,246–247
schizophrenia,150–151, 241–243,
243supportive groups for,240–241
in crisis patients,279
detoxification and,110
Freud on,246
histrionic personality disorder (HPD) and,266
medication nonadherence and,384
narcissistic personality disorder (NPD) and,259
supportive groups,240–241
supportive psychotherapy foradvice,337
effectiveness,15–16
goal setting,237
indications,110
terminology for,239
Substitutes, for undesirable behavior,103–104, 137
Sudden unexplained infant death (SUID),291–292
Suicidedepression and,195, 197, 282
histrionic personality disorder (HPD) and,265
schizophrenia and,169
stimulant withdrawal and,238
Supervision (therapeutic),64, 409
Supportive family counseling,365–372,
367,
369,
373Supportive groupsfor anxiety disorders,227
for grief,289–290
for panic disorder,227
for patients with terminal illnesses,312
for specific phobias,227
for substance abuse,240–241
for therapists who lose patients to suicide,287
therapist’s working relationships with,372
Supportive psychotherapyas community process.
See Case management duties; Family psychoeducational approach; Supportive family counseling
defined,5, 10–11, 13, 52–53, 354
diagnostic applications of.
See Anxiety disorders; Co-occurring disorders; Crisis management; Hallucinations; Mood disorders; Personality disorders; Schizophrenia; Suicide
effectiveness of,20, 21,
32, 35–36, 38–39
historical background,4, 17–23
overview,3–5, 23
principlescharacteristics,11, 13–17
as eclectic therapy,5–7, 11
effectiveness of,8, 13–17, 34–35, 110,
111–
112, 113
as evidence-based treatment,6, 8, 10–11, 13–17
goals,5, 10, 11–13,
12, 40, 52
negative bias,13
negative outcomes explained,8, 9–10
repertory of techniques,6–7,
8, 10–11.
See also Direct interventions; Explanatory techniques; Managing therapy; Supportive relationship
with specific patient populations.
See Correctional settings; Intellectual disabilities; Medically ill patients; Older patients
support, concept of,30–33
therapist-patient relationship.
See Supportive relationship
Supportive relationshipburnout and,43–46, 152
case vignette,40
communication style adjustments,121–122
concept of,30–33,
32–
34co-occurring disorders and,237
countertransference and,39–43,
41–
42, 44–46,
45–
46.
See also Countertransference
dependency management,39
empathy, conveying and generating,122–123.
See also Empathy
entitlement management,39
ethical guidelines for,400–402, 412–413
overview,29
for schizophrenia patients,151–152,
153transference and,35–39,
36.
See also Transference
as working alliance,33–35.
See also Working alliance
Tarachow, S.,22
TCAs (tricyclic antidepressants),389
Therapeutic alliance.
See Supportive relationship; Working alliance
Therapeutic slowdown,124–125,
126Therapeutic supervision,64, 409
Tracking,64, 129
Transferenceassessment of patient’s strengths, weaknesses, and goals,129
borderline personality disorder (BPD) and,113
case vignettes,289, 361
in correctional settings,335
defined,35–36
dependent personality disorder (DPD),268
institutional transference,37, 38–39, 95, 125–127, 280, 289–290, 355
lying and,135
managed transference,35, 36–37,
36, 49, 52
modeling and identification with therapist,102
negative transference,36, 37, 39
with older patients,326–327
positive transference,20, 21,
32, 35–36, 38–39
praise and compliments,105
in psychoanalysis,22
psychotic transference,37–38
for schizophrenia patients,174
splitting and,320–322, 358–362, 381–383,
381.
See also Splitting
therapist-prescriber split and,382
Transinstitutionalization,336
Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs),389
Universalizing,73–74, 217
Unlinking,75, 101–102
Upwards interpretation,71–73
Ventilation of feelings,66
Vicarious discussion,73
Vulnerability set,100,
101Wallerstein, R.S.,16–17, 20
Werman, D.S.,20, 22
Women for Sobriety,240–241
Women’s issues, ethics of,418–419
Work and work skills,95–97
Working alliancewith anxiety disorders,224, 226
for co-occurring disorder patients,237
ethical principles of,409, 415–416,
417with obsessive-compulsive disorder patients,228
patient autonomy and,11, 404–405, 408–409
principles of,33–35, 123–134
World Health Organizationon ageism,322
on dementia,328
on obesity,388
on palliative care,307
