Association Between Migraine Comorbidity and Psychiatric Symptoms Among People With Newly Diagnosed Focal Epilepsy
Abstract
Objective:
Methods:
Results:
Conclusions:
Methods
Participants
Questionnaires
Statistical Analyses
Results
Demographic Characteristics
All participants (N=349) | Epilepsy patients without migraine (N=275) | Epilepsy patients with migraine (N=74) | pa | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Characteristic | N | % | N | % | N | % | |
Female | 209 | 59.9 | 153 | 55.6 | 56 | 75.7 | <0.001 |
Race and/or ethnicityb | 0.69 | ||||||
Unknown | 18 | 7.8 | 16 | 5.9 | 2 | 2.8 | |
White | 274 | 78.5 | 216 | 78.5 | 60 | 81 | |
Black or African American | 42 | 12 | 32 | 11.6 | 10 | 13.5 | |
Asian | 12 | 3.4 | 10 | 3.6 | 2 | 2.7 | |
American Indian or Alaska Native | 1 | 0.3 | 1 | 0.4 | 0 | 0 | |
Hispanic or Latino | 29 | 8.3 | 23 | 8.4 | 6 | 8.1 | 0.89 |
Highest level of education | 0.81 | ||||||
Did not finish high school | 18 | 5.2 | 15 | 5.5 | 3 | 4.0 | |
GED | 4 | 1.1 | 3 | 1.1 | 1 | 1.4 | |
High school | 48 | 13.8 | 37 | 13.5 | 11 | 14.9 | |
Associate’s degree | 38 | 10.9 | 32 | 11.6 | 6 | 8.1 | |
Some college | 56 | 16.0 | 39 | 14.2 | 17 | 23.0 | |
Bachelor’s degree | 108 | 30.9 | 85 | 30.1 | 23 | 31.1 | |
Graduate school | 75 | 18.5 | 62 | 22.5 | 13 | 17.6 | |
Level of employment | 0.067 | ||||||
Full time vs. not full time | 219 | 62.8 | 182 | 66.2 | 37 | 50 | 0.011 |
Part time | 39 | 11.2 | 29 | 10.5 | 10 | 13.5 | |
Homemaker | 12 | 3.4 | 7 | 2.5 | 5 | 6.8 | |
Student | 30 | 8.6 | 21 | 7.6 | 9 | 12.2 | |
Unemployed | 45 | 12.9 | 32 | 11.6 | 13 | 17.6 | |
Family history of seizures | 106 | 31.5 | 82 | 30.9 | 24 | 33.3 | 0.70 |
Headache Characteristics
Primary Outcomes
Variable | Total number of participants with data available | All participants (N=349) | Epilepsy patients without migraine (N=275) | Epilepsy patients with migraine (N=74) | pb | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | % | N | % | N | % | |||
CES-D score ≥16 | 341 | 86 | 25.3 | 61 | 22.7 | 25 | 35.2 | 0.031 |
GAD-7 score ≥10 | 341 | 25 | 7.4 | 13 | 4.8 | 12 | 16.9 | <0.001 |
C-SSRS ideation | 337 | 76 | 22.6 | 54 | 20.5 | 22 | 30.1 | 0.080 |
C-SSRS behavior | 337 | 20 | 5.9 | 13 | 4.9 | 7 | 9.6 | 0.140 |
C-SSRS ideation or behavior | 337 | 76 | 22.6 | 54 | 20.5 | 22 | 30.1 | 0.080 |
Discussion
Limitations
Future Studies
Conclusions
Footnotes
References
Information & Authors
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Keywords
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Funding Information
Metrics & Citations
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