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Published Online: 18 August 2006

Cautions in Interpreting Study Results

Publication: Psychiatric News
Volume 41, Number 16
https://doi.org/10.1176/pn.41.16.0004c
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Animal or laboratory study: Because the study was based on animals, researchers cannot be certain how well the findings will apply to people.
Small study: These findings are based on a small study population; larger studies are needed to understand how well the intervention really works.
Uncontrolled study: Everyone in this study took the drug X. By not including patients who did not take the drug, it is impossible to be sure how much (or even if) drug X accounted for the findings.
Controlled but not randomized study: Because the study was not a true experiment, researchers do not know whether it was drug X or something else about the people who happened to take drug X (for example, were they younger? less likely to smoke?) that accounted for the differences observed.
Any intervention study: The benefit observed should be weighed against the adverse effects (or other downsides such as inconvenience or cost). Important adverse effects should be specified and quantified; if there are none, this should be reported.
Unpublished scientific meeting presentations: The findings presented are from work in progress. Because a full study report has not undergone peer review, the results have yet to be independently verified and may change.
Source: Steve Woloshin, M.D., M.S., and Lisa Schwartz, M.D., M.S., Medical Journal of Australia, June 2006

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Psychiatric News
Volume 41 • Number 16 • August 18, 2006
Pages: 4

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Published online: 18 August 2006
Published in print: August 18, 2006

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