Index

A3 template,

383

AACP (American Association for Community Psychiatry),

62, 63, 65

ACA

.See Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act

Academic medical centers,

175–177, 277, 297–298

Academy of Medical Royal Colleges,

153–154

Accelerated Digital Clinical Ecosystem (ADviCE) Health,

468

Access to health care,

256–258, 262

“Accident” insurance,

247–248

ACCME (Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education),

372–373

Accountability to stakeholders,

228, 344, 345–346

Accountable care organizations (ACOs),

46, 115, 252–253

Accounting, types of, finances and budget management of programs,

235

ACCR (Allegheny County Coalition for Recovery),

67, 68, 69

Accreditation

for continuing medical education,

372–373

for graduate medical education training,

168–169, 177, 300

for Medicare and Medicaid reimbursement,

177–178, 362–364

through The Joint Commission,

362, 364–365, 376

Accreditation Commission for Health Care (formerly HFAP),

363

Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME),

372–373

Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME),

168–169, 177, 300

Accreditation Participation Requirements (APR),

367

Accrual accounting,

235

ACGME (Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education),

168–169, 177, 300

Acquisitions and mergers as health systems,

87–90

Acrophobia,

449

ADA (Americans With Disabilities Act, 1990),

213, 214, 250

ADAMHS (Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Services),

41

ADEA (Age Discrimination in Employment Act, 1967),

213, 214

Ad Hoc Workgroup on Psychiatrist Well-being and Burnout,

279

Adjudicative competence,

320

Administration, finances and budget management of programs

.See Burnout; Diversity and inclusion; Governance; Health information technology; Human resource management; Innovation implementation; Institutional accreditation and licensure; Outcome assessment and measurements; Psychiatric administration and leadership; Quality and performance improvement; Talent acquisition; Talent management; Training for leadership

Administrative safeguards,

462

Advance directives,

311–312

Adverse drug reaction management,

369

Adverse medical events,

335–336

Advertising,

117, 425, 446

Advisory boards,

63

Advocacy

against asylum system,

59

against burnout,

283

for recovery-oriented services,

66–67, 68–69, 68

Affinity groups,

123

Affordable Care Act

.See Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act

Age differences, in behavioral health landscape,

33–36, 34–35

Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA, 1967),

213, 214

Age of license,

318

Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality,

38, 421

AI (artificial intelligence),

426–427

AIMS (Advancing Integrated Mental Health Solutions) Center,

116

Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Services (ADAMHS),

41

Alcohol use disorder (AUD),

66–67, 449, 450

Alcoholics Anonymous,

66

Alexa (Amazon),

461

Allegheny County Coalition for Recovery (ACCR),

67, 68, 69

Altered reality,

448

Alternative Payment Model framework,

261

Amazon,

52, 461

American Association for Community Psychiatry (AACP),

62, 63, 65

American Association for Marriage and Family Therapy,

342, 349, 351

American Association of Medical Colleges,

176–177, 271, 301

American College of Physicians,

375–376, 420–421

American College of Surgeons (ACS),

375–376

American Counseling Association,

342

American Hospital Association,

375–376

American Law Institute criteria,

319

American Medical Association (AMA)

app evaluating guidelines,

468

on continuing medical education,

372–373

Principles of Medical Ethics,

342

social media recommendations,

446

standards development,

375–376

telemedicine guidelines,

440

American Medical Informatics Association,

421

American Nurses Association,

342

American Osteopathic Association,

177

American Psychiatric Association (APA)

App Advisor,

468–469

App Evaluation Model,

444, 460, 468–469, 470–471

diversity and health equity guidelines,

349, 350–351

diversity leadership pipeline program,

298

leadership diversity in,

293

Milliman study,

115

private practice resources and guidelines,

79

on recovery-oriented services,

65

social media presence of,

446

telepsychiatry implementation guidelines,

439

“telepsychiatry toolkit,”

442

workforce wellness interventions rubric,

279, 281

American Psychiatric Nurses Association,

349

American Psychological Association,

349, 350

American Rescue Plan (2021),

49–50

Americans With Disabilities Act (ADA, 1990),

213, 214, 250

American Telemedicine Association,

439

AMI (any mental illness),

33–36

Animal Welfare Act (1966),

177

Anthem,

52

Antibiotic management,

369

Anti-Kickback Statute,

182, 183

Antimicrobial stewardship,

369

Antitrust laws,

221

Anxiety disorders,

449

Any mental illness (AMI),

33–36

APA

.See American Psychiatric Association

App Evaluation Model,

444, 460, 468–469, 470–471

Apps

.See Mobile apps

Argyris, Chris,

24

Army leadership core competencies,

10–13, 11, 98

Artificial intelligence (AI),

426–427

Assets,

236, 238

Association of American Medical Colleges,

176–177, 271, 301

Asylum system

.See also State psychiatric hospitals

advocacy against,

59

funding,

247, 248–249

historical context,

39–40, 248–249

involuntary commitment to,

316

A tags,

363, 363

Attribution theory of leadership,

8

AUD (alcohol use disorder),

66–67, 449, 450

Augmented reality,

448

Augmented virtuality,

448

Authority types (theory),

19–20, 21

Autism,

449

Autocratic leadership style,

9

Autonomy (self-determination),

343, 344, 349

Bad hire costs,

193, 196

Baklid-Kunz v. Halifax Medical Center (2013),

183–184

Balance sheet,

236–238

Balanced Budget Act (1997),

48

Base pay,

217–218, 219

Beacon Health Options,

52

Behavioral health applications

.See Mobile apps

Behavioral Health Care and Human Services accreditation,

364–365

Behavioral health care landscape,

33–53

background,

59–60

conclusion,

52–53

definitions,

33, 60

evolution of,

246–247

financing of national behavioral health system,

39–49.See also Financing health care services

future directions for,

49–52

health care delivery options,

77–93.See also Organization of psychiatric health care delivery

historical context,

247–253

levels of,

245

national demographics,

33–39, 34–35, 37, 262

voices of recovery and,

59–74.See also Recovery-oriented services

Behavioral Health Design Guide,

179

Behavioral Health Home certification,

365

Behavioral Health Network (BHN),

117–121, 118

Behavioral Science: Concepts and Management Application (The Conference Board),

17–18

Behavioral theory,

7

Beneficence (nonmaleficence),

343, 343

Berkshire Hathaway,

52

Best practices,

139

BHN (Behavioral Health Network),

117–121, 118

Biofeedback mHealth apps,

443

Biopsychosocial model of mental health care,

40

Bipolar disorder,

64

Bitcoin,

427

Blake, Robert,

24, 25

Bloated notes,

421–422

Blockchain,

419, 427

Blue Cross hospital plan,

248

BMC (Business Model Canvas),

96–97, 106–108, 108

Boards of directors,

97, 123, 134, 174

Bottom-up implementation,

134

Boundary violations (malpractice claim),

334

Breach of confidentiality (malpractice claim),

333–334

Breakthrough projects,

139, 140

Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI),

397

British malpractice law,

324

Bruni v. Tatsumi (1976),

329

“B-tag” requirements,

178, 179

B tags,

363, 363

Budget cycle,

233

Building codes,

368–369

Bureaucracy,

19–20

Bureaucratic leadership style,

9

Burnout,

267–289

background,

267

case example,

272–274

conclusion,

285

contributors to,

269, 274, 277, 278, 280, 282, 351–353, 353, 419

defined,

268, 269–270

effects of,

274–277, 351–353

measurement of,

268

mental illness relationship to,

269–270

overview,

268–272

prevalence of,

268

wellness initiatives and strategies for,

277–285, 280–282

Business associate agreements,

463

Business development,

111–127.See also Organization of psychiatric health care delivery; Planning

affinity groups,

123

background,

111

case example,

119–120, 124–125

conclusion,

125

historical context,

112–114

marketing behavioral health,

116–121, 118, 120, 122

new “value proposition,”

114–116

philanthropy and,

121–125, 124

Business financial reports (formal),

235–238

Business Model Canvas (BMC),

96–97, 106–108, 108

Business plans

.See Planning

California Psychiatric Transitions, Inc. (CPT),

212

CALOCUS (child and adolescent version of LOCUS),

62

Canadian health care system,

51

Canadian Medical Association,

375–376

Canadian Psychiatric Association,

153

CanMEDS framework,

153

Capacity, for decision-making,

310–312

Capitation,

113, 246, 250

Care Coordination Measurement Framework,

421

CARF (Commission on Accreditation of Rehabilitation Facilities),

376

CARF International,

364

CART (Consumer Action Response Team),

69

Cash accounting,

235

Cash flow statement,

237–238

CBOs (community-based organizations),

39–42, 79–81, 247, 248

Center for Improvement in Healthcare Quality,

363

Center for Substance Abuse Treatment,

435

Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS)

.See also The Joint Commission

accountable care organizations and,

46

accreditation requirements,

362–363, 363, 366

Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments waiver certificate,

361, 372

Conditions of Participation and Conditions for Coverage,

177–180, 182, 363, 366, 376

HIPAA and,

461

hospital value-based purchasing program,

376–377

quality standards,

376–377

self-referral regulation,

182–184

Certification process,

362, 363–365

Certified community behavioral health center,

80–81

Certified Electronic Health Record Technology,

424

21 CFR,

459

42 CFR Part 2,

466–467

CGI (Clinical Global Impression scale),

397

Change, stages of,

21–22

Change management,

403

Charismatic (transformational) leadership style,

9

Charismatic authority,

19–20

Child and adolescent version of LOCUS (CALOCUS),

62

Children

behavioral health demographics,

33–34, 35, 36

regulatory and legislative issues,

317–319, 441

Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP)

administration of,

254

background,

42–43

current trends,

255, 256

evolution of,

247

future directions for,

51–52

historical context,

251

MACRA and,

48–49

overview,

256

Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act (1998),

441

Civil commitment laws and regulations,

316–317, 334

Civil Rights Act (Title VII, 1964),

214

Civil wrongs (tort claims),

323, 328.See also Malpractice

Client, defined,

107, 391.See also Patients

Clinical communities, quality improvement projects and,

386

Clinical decision support,

425–426

Clinical Global Impression scale (CGI),

397

Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA) waiver certificate,

361, 372

Clinician rating scale, defined,

400

Clubhouse programs,

64, 66, 67

CMS

.See Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services

Coach-style leadership,

10–13, 11

Code of Federal Regulations,

363, 363

Code of Hammurabi,

324

Codification of standard procedures,

19

Cognitive-behavioral therapy

mHealth apps for,

443

virtual reality application for,

449

Collaborative Care Model,

90

Collective bargaining,

222

Commission on Accreditation of Rehabilitation Facilities (CARF),

376

Commission on Osteopathic College Accreditation (COCA),

177

Common Ground (computer program),

62

Common Rule,

177

Community advisory boards,

63

Community-based organizations (CBOs),

39–42, 79–81, 247, 248

Community-Engaged Faculty,

65

Community Mental Health Act (Mental Retardation Facilities and Community Health Centers Construction Act, 1963),

40, 79, 82, 112, 248

Community mental health centers (CMHCs),

39–42, 79–81, 247, 248

Community-partnered participatory research,

296–297

Compensation (pay),

216–220, 219

Compensatory selection process,

196–197, 197

Competence to stand trial,

320

Competency (patient),

310, 320

Competency (professional),

210–212, 344, 402–403

Comprehensive Unit-Based Safety Program (CUSP),

382–386

“Concierge” mental health services,

90

Concurrent validation, for testing of job candidates,

198

Conditions for Coverage,

177–180

Conditions of Participation (CoPs),

177–180, 182, 363, 366, 376

Conference Board,

17–18

Confidentiality

breach of,

333–334

ethics of,

343, 344, 346, 347–348

HIPAA on,

180–182.See also Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act

of substance use disorder patient records,

314, 466–467

Construct validity, for testing of job candidates,

198

Consumer, defined,

60–61, 107, 391.See also Patients

Consumer Action Response Team (CART),

69

Content validity, for testing of job candidates,

198

Contingency theories,

7–8

Continuing environmental scanning,

99

Continuing medical education accreditation,

372–373

Continuous quality improvement process,

132–134, 133, 380

Control technologies,

449

Coordinated Specialty Care,

259

Copenhagen Burnout Inventory,

268

CoPs (Conditions of Participation),

177–180, 182, 363, 366, 376

Coronavirus pandemic

as agent of change,

22, 438, 441–443

health care landscape during,

36, 43, 44, 49–50, 262

health care landscape following,

257–258

The Joint Commission standards during,

367, 368

Correctional system of care,

438, 444

Cost per hire,

193, 196

Council on Accreditation,

364

County Asylums Act (Great Britain),

39

Court-ordered treatment, for minors and families,

318

COVID-19 pandemic

.See Coronavirus pandemic

CPT (California Psychiatric Transitions, Inc.),

212

Creativity, for effective leadership,

14

Credentialing,

176

Crisis services systems,

259–260, 438

Criterion-related validity, for testing of job candidates,

198

Cue-exposure techniques, with virtual reality,

449, 450

Cultural competence education,

292

Cultural humility,

292–298, 300

Culture of organizations,

98, 189

Culture of philanthropy,

121–123, 124

Culture of safety, The Joint Commission standards during,

368

Current assets,

236

Current psychiatric landscape

.See Behavioral health care landscape

CUSP (Comprehensive Unit-Based Safety Program),

382–386

CVS (store),

52

Cyber security, The Joint Commission standards during,

368

Damages (malpractice),

329–330

Dangerous to self or others,

314–315, 317

Data collection, for work analysis,

211

Decade of the Brain,

41

Decision-making capacity,

310–311

Decision-making theory,

7–8

Deeming authority,

362–364

Define, measure, analyze, improve, and control (DMAIC) framework,

29, 380, 385

De-identified protected health information (PHI),

461

Deinstitutionalization movement,

40, 82, 112, 316

Delivery System Reform Incentive Payments,

88

Deming cycle,

132–134, 133, 139

Democratic (participative) leadership style,

9, 21

Department of Education,

460

Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS),

177, 254, 261, 460, 461, 471

Department of Labor,

215–216

Departmental quality projects,

383–384

Departmental structure of organizations,

174–175

Depression, burnout and,

269, 274–275

Dereliction of duty,

329

Design space,

99–100

Design thinking and innovation,

105–106, 107

Det Norske Veritas Healthcare, Inc. (DNV Healthcare; now called DNV),

178

Development process, strategies for leadership diversity,

300–301

DHHS (Department of Health and Human Services),

177, 254, 261, 460, 461, 471

Diagnosis-related group (DRG) methodology,

250

Dietary services, The Joint Commission standards on,

371

Diffusion innovation theory,

403

Digital cryptocurrency,

427

Digital Health Common Application,

468

Digital Health Software Precertification (Pre-Cert) Program,

468

Digital health technology (DHT),

435–453

background,

435–437

“clinician champions” for,

453

conclusion,

453–454

coronavirus pandemic and transformation of,

438, 441–443

defined,

436–437

future directions for,

425–427

health IT and

.See Health information technology

implementation of,

451–453

measurement-based care and,

450–451

mobile health applications,

443–445.See also Mobile apps

social media platforms and,

424–425, 445–448

telemedicine and telepsychiatry,

257, 369–370, 423–424, 437–443, 452, 454

virtual reality (VR) applications,

448–450

Direct cash flow calculation,

238

Direct causation,

330–331, 331

Disaster planning,

367

Discharge process, as quality improvement project,

385–386

Disciplinary policy, for performance management,

203–204, 204

Discrimination, equal employment opportunity vs.,

212–215

Disease-specific apps,

443

Disney,

102–103

Disparate treatment,

215

Dissatisfiers,

23–24

Diversity and inclusion,

291–303

background,

291–292

in budget and finance management,

228

conclusion,

302

cultural humanity framework for,

292–297, 294–296, 300

ethics and,

348–351, 351

strategies to increase,

298–302, 303

structural competence and structural humility for,

297–298, 300

threats to,

301

training and,

155–156, 300

Diversity tax,

296

Dividend payments,

238

DMAIC (define, measure, analyze, improve, and control) framework,

29, 380, 385

DNV (Det Norske Veritas Healthcare, Inc.),

178, 363

Donabedian’s components of quality in health care,

377–379, 380, 391–392

Downside risk arrangements,

261

Drakeford v. Tuomey (2013),

183

Drive, for effective leadership,

14

Drucker, Peter,

26, 28

Drug Enforcement Administration,

361

Dually eligible beneficiaries (dual eligibles),

255–256

Dusky v. United States (1960),

320

Duty (malpractice),

328–329

Duty to protect,

314–315, 326, 332

Duty to warn,

181, 314–315, 326

Dyadic relationship,

7

Early adopters and early majority, of innovation,

139–141

East Carolina University Center for Telepsychiatry,

423

Eating disorders,

449

E-behavioral health (telepsychiatry),

257, 369–370, 423–424, 437–443, 452, 454

Economic Opportunity Act (1964),

248

EEOC (Equal Employment Opportunity Commission),

212–215

Efficacy, defined,

392

Efficiency, defined,

392

EHR-2020 Task Force,

421

Electronic communication technologies,

415–416.See also Digital health technology

Electronic health information (EHI),

467

Electronic health records (EHRs),

415–424, 461

Emancipated minors,

318

Emergency care, for minors,

319

Emergency Management (EM),

367

Emergency Medical Treatment and Labor Act (EMTALA, 1986),

178, 180, 257

Emotional health services, defined,

60

Emotional intelligence, for effective leadership,

14

Empirical cycle,

132–133

Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA, 1974),

249–250

Employees

benefits for,

220

employee engagement,

188

firing,

204

recruitment and management of,

189, 189, 199–201, 382.See also Talent acquisition; Talent management

safety for,

215–216, 382

socialization of new employees,

201

EMTALA (Emergency Medical Treatment and Labor Act, 1986),

178, 180, 257

Environment of Care (EC),

367

Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC),

212–215

Equal Pay Act (1963),

214

E tags,

363, 363

Ethics in clinical leadership,

341–356

accountability to stakeholders,

228, 344, 345–346

background,

14, 341–342

case examples,

348, 350, 353, 355

conclusion,

355–356

confidentiality,

343, 344, 346, 347–348

core principles,

342–345, 343, 349

diversity and inclusion,

348–351, 351

mentorship for,

12–15, 354–355

recommended resources,

356

transparency and,

346–347, 481–482

well-being and strength-based leadership,

351–353, 353

Evaluation of services

.See Institutional accreditation and licensure; Outcome assessment and measurements; Quality and performance improvement

Evidence-based practices,

260

Exchange theory,

7

Execution premium,

103–105, 104

Executive Leadership in Academic Medicine program,

156

Experience-based budget,

233

Expert rating scale, defined,

400

Exposure therapy,

449, 450

Externally motivated monitoring activities,

377, 378–379

Facebook,

425, 426–427, 446

Failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA),

381, 382, 383

Fairness and justice (ethics principle),

15, 343, 344, 349

False Claims Act,

182, 183

False imprisonment (malpractice claim),

326, 334

Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA, 1974),

460, 464–465

Family inclusion, for recovery-oriented services,

67–69

Family-to-Family educational program,

68, 69

Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (Health Level Seven),

439

Fayol, Henry,

20

FDA

.See Food and Drug Administration

Federal Accounting Standards Board,

236

Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FD&C Act, 1938),

445, 460

Federal Register,

363, 363

Federal Trade Commission (FTC),

444–445, 460, 468

Federalism,

253–254

Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs),

248, 251

Fee-for-service (FFS),

246, 249–250

FERPA (Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act, 1974),

460, 464–465

Fidelity (honorable behavior),

343, 344

Fiedler’s contingency theory,

7

Finances and budget management of programs,

227–243

background,

227–231

budget as plan and management tool,

232–233, 238–239

business financial reports,

235–238

case example,

231–235, 238–243

clinical integrity and,

233–235

frostbite dilemma,

227, 229–231

personal perspective on,

481

plan of correction,

230–231, 235–243

stakeholder participation and,

228

Financing health care services,

245–262

accessibility and,

256–257

background,

245

crisis services systems,

259–260

current trends,

254–256, 255

demographics,

36–38

evidence-based practices,

260

evolution of,

246–247

future directions for,

261–262

historical context,

39–42, 247–253

integrated care,

260

of national behavioral health system,

39–49, 51–52, 261

state coverage,

257–259

state vs. federal oversight,

253–254

value-based purchasing,

260–261

Finding of deficiencies (requirements for improvement),

366–372

Fire safety,

367, 368–369

Firing of employees,

204

First episode of psychosis,

259

Fitness to proceed (legal construct),

320

Five Forces Analysis,

100

Flexibility, for effective leadership,

15

FMEA (failure mode and effects analysis),

381, 382, 383

Food and Drug Administration (FDA)

app oversight,

445, 468, 469, 471, 472–473

Digital Health Software Precertification (Pre-Cert) Program,

468

FD&C Act,

445, 460

on social media platforms,

425, 446

Waived Testing definition,

372

Ford, Henry,

18, 27

Forensic patients, in state hospitals,

82–83

Fountain House,

66

FQHCs (Federally Qualified Health Centers),

248, 251

Freeze Framer,

443

Frostbite dilemma,

227, 229–231

FTC (Federal Trade Commission),

444–445, 460, 468

FTC Act (1914),

445, 460

Gamified software,

443–444

Gender differences

.See also Diversity and inclusion

in behavioral health landscape,

36

in burnout,

270–271, 275, 280–282

in leadership,

291–292, 293–295, 294, 298–301

in training,

155–156, 300

in undergraduate medical education,

295

General Duty Clause of the Occupational Safety and Health Act (1970),

215–216

General hospitals with psychiatry services,

86–87, 86–87

Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP),

236

Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act (2008),

214

Gold standard measurement instruments,

401

Goodwill Industries International,

98

Google Home devices,

461

Governance,

173–184

of academic medical centers,

175–177

case example,

173–174

components of,

174

external regulation by hospitals and health systems,

177–184

Graded exposure,

449

Graduate medical education,

168–169, 176–177, 293–296, 295–296, 300

Graduate Medical Education Committee,

177

Grave disability,

317

Great man theory,

6

Gross income,

237

Group for the Advancement of Psychiatry Committee on Administration and Leadership,

156, 402

Group practices,

78, 79

Guardian ad litem,

318

Guidelines for Recovery Oriented Services (AACP),

63, 65

Harm to third parties (malpractice claim),

326, 332

Hartford HealthCare Behavioral Health Network (HHCBHN),

117–121, 118

Haven,

52

Hawthorne effect,

21

Hazardous materials safety,

367

Health Breach Notification Rule,

445

Healthcare Improvement’s Triple Aim,

113, 269, 277–278

Health care landscape

.See Behavioral health care landscape

Health care proxies and guardians,

311, 312–313

Health coverage, defined,

245

Health information exchanges (HIEs),

422–424, 461

Health information technology (IT),

415–430, 459–473.See also Digital health technology

architecture of,

418, 430

artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning,

426–427

background,

415–417

blockchain,

419, 427

case examples,

423–424, 429–430

categories of,

418

clinical decision support through,

425–426

clinician attitude and,

406, 406

conclusion,

469–471

content drivers of,

416–417

defined,

417, 418–419

future enabling technologies,

425–427

health information exchanges,

422–424, 461

health records (EHRs),

415–424, 461

health registries,

424

implementation of,

416–417

interoperability of,

376–377, 417, 419–424, 430

patient attitude for implementation of,

404–405

privacy and security,

459–469, 460, 470–472, 471.See also Privacy and security of health IT

Quadruple Aims and,

415–416, 418–419, 430

social media platforms and,

424–425

strategic planning for,

417, 427–430

technology for

.See Digital health technology

telemedicine and telepsychiatry,

423–424, 437–443, 452, 454

update planning,

428

user training and support for,

429–430

Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act (HITECH, 2009),

47, 50–51, 52, 423, 452, 459, 462, 463

Health insurance coverage

.See Children’s Health Insurance Program; Medicaid; Medicare; Private coverage

Health Insurance Marketplaces,

48

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA, 1996)

Breach Notification Rule,

460, 464–465

case example,

465

on fundraising,

123, 124

HITECH and,

47

on mHealth apps,

445

overview,

459, 461

Privacy Rule,

180–182, 313–314, 460, 461, 463–464, 465–466

on psychotherapy notes,

465–466

Security Rule,

180–181, 460, 461–462

on telepsychiatry,

441, 452

Health Level Seven,

439

Health Maintenance Organization Act (1973),

45, 113

Health maintenance organizations (HMOs),

45, 113, 246, 249, 250

Health of the Nation Outcome Scales (HoNOS),

396–397, 398–399, 400

Health Professional Shortage Area (HPSA),

38

Health registries,

424

Health systems

governance of,

177–184

malpractice risk management strategies,

335–338

mergers and acquisitions of,

87–90

Healthy teams,

277–285, 280–282.See also Burnout

Hedwig van Ameringen Executive Leadership in Academic Medicine program,

301

Hersey-Blanchard situational leadership theory,

7

Hertzberg, Frederick,

23–24

HFAP (Accreditation Commission for Health Care),

363

HHCBHN (Hartford HealthCare Behavioral Health Network),

117–121, 118

Hierarchy of needs,

23

HIEs (health information exchanges),

422–424, 461

High-value documentation,

420–421

HMO Act (1973),

249

HMOs (health maintenance organizations),

45, 113, 246, 249, 250

Holistic reviews, for diversity in leadership,

299–300

Honorable behavior (fidelity),

343, 344

HORVAN (HoNOS, OQ Routine Outcome Monitoring Validity in the Netherlands) study,

396–397, 403

Hospital Accreditation Program,

364–365, 376

Hospital value-based purchasing program,

376–377

Hospitals

.See Health systems; Private inpatient psychiatry; State psychiatric hospitals

House’s path-goal theory,

7–8

Human resource management,

209–223

background,

209

base pay,

217–218, 219

case examples,

212–214

compensation,

216–220, 219

conclusion,

222–223

employee benefits,

220

equal employment opportunity,

212–215

incentives and variable pay,

218–219, 219

job descriptions,

212

labor relations,

221–222

safety of staff,

215–216, 382

The Joint Commissions standards,

367–368

work analysis,

210–212

The Human Side of Enterprise (McGregor),

22

Humanistic psychology movement,

23

Hybrid rounding,

442

IBM,

426–427

IMDs (Institutions for Mental Disease),

248–249.See also Asylum system

IMLC (Interstate Medical Licensure Compact),

439

Implementation of innovation

.See Innovation implementation

Implicit bias,

299–300

Implied consent,

311

Improper discharge (malpractice claim),

333

Improper treatment (malpractice claim),

333

Improving Mood—Promoting Access to Collaborative Treatment (IMPACT) model,

115–116

Improving the Quality of Health Care for Mental and Substance-Use Conditions (IOM),

377

Incentive (variable) pay,

218–220, 219

Income statement,

236, 237–238

Independent practice association (IPA),

46–47

Indian Health Service,

254

Indigent Insane Bill (1854; vetoed),

39

Indirect cash flow calculation,

238

Industry forces,

99–100

Infection Prevention and Control (IC),

367, 368

Information blocking,

467

Information Management (IM),

368

Information technology

.See Digital health technology; Health information technology

Informed consent,

310–311, 313, 317–318, 333

Innovation implementation,

131–150

administrator competency for,

402–404

background,

14, 131–132

for budget and finance management,

228

case study,

142–148, 144–145, 147

clinicians’ effect on,

139–141, 406, 406

conclusion,

149–150

continuous quality improvement process,

132–134, 133

dos and don’ts of,

148–149

novelty implementation,

134

operations management for,

146–147, 147

patient attitude and,

404–405

patients’ effect on,

141–142

terminology,

131

theory of,

134–139, 136, 138, 140

Inpatient treatment

for minors,

318

private inpatient psychiatry,

85–87, 86–87

regulation of,

178–180

state psychiatric hospitals,

81–85, 83, 86–87

Insanity defense,

319–320

Institute of Medicine (IOM)

Committee on Quality of Health Care in America,

419–420

Crossing the Quality Chasm: A New Health System for the 21st Century,

377, 378–379, 387

Improving the Quality of Health Care for Mental and Substance-Use Conditions,

377

To Err Is Human: Building a Safer Health System,

377

Institutional accreditation and licensure,

361–373

accreditation process,

168–169, 177–178, 300, 362–364, 372–373, 376

background,

361–364, 363

certification process,

362, 363–364

licensure process,

361, 364–372

Institutional liability (malpractice claim),

334

Institutions for Mental Disease (IMDs),

248–249.See also Asylum system

Instructional directive,

311

Integrated behavioral health care,

90, 260

Integrity (clinical),

233–235

Integrity (ethics principle),

14, 343, 344

Interaction dimension,

448–449

Internal recruitment,

194

Internally motivated monitoring activities,

377–378

International Association of Peer Supporters,

70–71

International Medical Device Regulators Forum,

469

International Organization for Standardization,

178

Interoperability of health IT,

376–377, 417, 419–424, 430

Interstate Medical Licensure Compact (IMLC),

439

Intervention models, for burnout,

279, 280–281

Interviews for job candidates,

198–199, 299

Involuntary psychiatric commitment

malpractice and,

334

regulation of,

180, 316–317

IPA (independent practice association),

46–47

Jackson v. Indiana (1972),

320

Job analysis,

210–212

Job boards,

194–195

Job descriptions,

212

Job evaluation,

218

Job ranking,

218

Johns Hopkins Hospital,

382–386

Joint Commission

.See The Joint Commission

Jones v. United States (1983),

319

J.P. Morgan Chase,

52

Judgment, for effective leadership,

15

Justice and fairness (ethics principle),

15, 343, 344, 349

“Just-in-time production,”

27

K tags,

363, 363

Labor Management Relations Act (Taft-Hartley Act, 1947),

221

Labor Management Reporting and Disclosure Act (Landrum-Griffin Act, 1959),

221

Labor relations,

221–222

Laboratory licensure,

361

Laboratory testing,

372

Lack of informed consent (malpractice claim),

333.See also Informed consent

Laissez-faire leadership style,

9–10, 21

Landrum-Griffin Act (Labor Management Reporting and Disclosure Act, 1959),

221

Langley cycle,

139

Late Career Practitioner Policy,

213

Late majority, of innovation,

140–141

LCME (Liaison Committee on Medical Education),

176–177

LDRSHIP (loyalty, duty, respect, selfless service, honor, integrity, and personal courage),

98

Leader-member exchange theory,

7

Leadership

.See also Ethics in clinical leadership

attributes of,

3, 4–5, 5, 13–15

background,

3–4

in community settings,

81

competencies for,

5, 6–7, 10–15, 11

conclusion,

15

defined,

3, 5, 210

in health systems,

88–90

mentorship and,

12–15.See also Mentorship

organizational theory and,

21–22, 24, 25–26

in state psychiatric hospitals,

84–85

strength-based,

351–353

styles of,

8–13, 11, 21–22, 24, 478

The Joint Commission standards on,

368

theories of,

5–8

wellness initiative implementation and,

284–285

Lean principles and processes,

27, 28, 29, 381, 383

Legal and regulatory issues,

309–321.See also specific acts and laws

background,

309–310

for burnout,

283

competence to stand trial,

310, 320

conclusion,

320–321

duty to warn or protect,

181, 314–315, 326, 332

health care proxies and guardians,

311, 312–313

HIPAA violations,

313–314

informed consent,

310–311, 313, 317–318, 333

insanity defense,

319–320

involuntary civil commitment,

180, 316–317

minors, special considerations for,

317–319

of national behavioral health system, historical context,

39–40

psychiatric advance directives,

311–312

for referrals,

182–184

regulatory compliance training of employees,

200

substance use disorder record disclosures,

314, 466–467

violence risk assessment,

315–316, 332

wellness advocacy to combat burnout,

283

Legitimate authority,

19–20

Lessard v. Schmidt (1972),

315

Level of Care Utilization System (LOCUS),

62

Lewin, Kurt,

21–22

LGBTQ+ physicians

burnout and,

270

strategies for increasing leadership opportunities for,

298–301

undergraduate medical education demographics,

296

Liabilities,

236, 237–238

Liaison Committee on Medical Education (LCME),

176–177

Licensure process,

361, 364–372

Life Safety (LS),

368

Ligature risk,

178, 179–180

Liker, Jeffrey K.,

27, 27

Likert, Rensis,

25–26

Line item budget,

233

“Linking pin” concept,

25

Littleton v. Good Samaritan Hospital Health Ctr (1988),

332

Lived values,

98

Local law, on privacy,

182

Location, in virtual reality,

449

LOCUS (Level of Care Utilization System),

62

Loneliness,

450

Long patient stays, as quality improvement project,

385

Machine learning,

426–427

MACRA (Medicare Access and CHIP Reauthorization Act, 2015),

48–49, 376

Macroeconomics,

100

Malpractice,

323–338

background,

323–324

burnout and,

274, 277

conclusion,

338

damages,

329–330

defined,

328

demographics of claims,

326–328

dereliction of duty,

329

direct causation,

330–331, 331

duty,

328–329

historical context,

324–326

legal aspects of,

328–331

risk management,

334–338

types of claims,

326, 331–334

Managed behavioral health organizations (MBHOs),

45

Managed care

evolution of,

246–247

historical context,

249–253

Management, defined, finances and budget management of programs,

5, 20.See also Burnout; Diversity and inclusion; Governance; Human resource management; Innovation implementation; Talent acquisition; Talent management; Training for leadership

Management by objective (MBO),

26

Managerial grid,

24, 25

Market forces,

99

Marketing behavioral health,

116–121, 118, 120, 122, 425

Marriage and family therapists,

342, 349, 351

Maslach Burnout Inventory,

268

Maslow, Abraham,

23–24

Master of business administration (M.B.A.),

125

Master of medical management,

125

Mayo, Elton,

21

MBHOs (managed behavioral health organizations),

45

MBO (management by objective),

26

McGregor, Douglas,

22–23

McKinsey 7-S model,

102

Mead, Shery,

70

Measurement-based care

.See Outcome assessment and measurements

Measurement instrument implementation,

404–405, 406

Medicaid

ACA and,

48, 49, 50, 252, 254, 255–256, 258–259, 261–262

accreditation requirements for reimbursement,

362, 363

administration of,

254

CMHC funding,

80

Conditions of Participation and Conditions for Coverage,

177–178

coronavirus pandemic and,

43

crisis services systems funding,

260

demographics,

36–37, 43, 255–256, 255

dual eligibility,

255–256

Early and Periodic Screening, Diagnostic, and Treatment benefits,

259

evolution of,

246–247

federalism and,

253–254

first episode of psychosis health care funding,

259

future directions for,

51–52

historical context,

40, 113, 248–251

integrated managed care financing model,

260

managed care arrangements,

44–45

as managed care plan,

246

overview,

42–43, 255–256

recovery services funding,

258

referral regulation,

183

residential programming and housing funding,

259

trauma-informed care funding,

259

value-based purchasing arrangements,

260–261

Medical errors

burnout and,

274

malpractice and,

323.See also Malpractice

risk management of,

336–338

Medical Expenditure Panel Survey,

38

Medical home,

246

Medical Leadership Competency Framework,

154

Medical model, of health care financing,

247

Medical records

electronic health information,

467

electronic health records,

415–424, 461

privacy and security of,

313–314.See also Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act

for substance use disorder patients,

314, 466–467

The Joint Commission standards on,

371

think tanks and scholars on,

377

Medical Staff (MS), The Joint Commission standards on,

369–370

Medical staff office, of academic medical centers,

176

Medicare

accreditation requirements for reimbursement,

362, 363

administration of,

254

CMHC funding by,

80

Conditions of Participation and Conditions for Coverage,

177–180, 182, 363, 366, 376

demographics,

36–37, 44, 254, 255–256, 255

dual eligibility,

255–256

evolution of,

247

future directions for,

51–52

historical context,

40, 113, 248, 249, 250, 252–253

MACRA and,

48–49

Meaningful Use Stage 2 regulations,

424

Medicare Advantage providers,

253

overview,

43–44, 254

quality standards and reimbursement incentives,

376–377

referral regulation for,

182–183

value-based purchasing arrangements and,

260–261

Medicare Access and CHIP Reauthorization Act (MACRA, 2015),

48–49, 376

Medicare for All,

51

Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act (2003),

50–51

Medication Management (MM),

369, 370

Mental Health Association,

59

Mental Health Block Grants (MHBGs),

41–42, 247, 248

Mental Health First Aid,

120

Mental Health Parity Act (1996),

251

Mental Health Parity and Addiction Equity Act (MHPAEA, 2008),

47, 52, 252

Mental Health Services Block Grants (MHBGs),

41–42, 247, 248

Mental Health Study Act (1955),

82

Mental Health Systems Act (1980),

40–41

Mental Retardation Facilities and Community Health Centers Construction Act (Community Mental Health Act, 1963),

40, 79, 82, 112, 248

Mentorship

for diversity and inclusion,

155–156

for ethical leadership development,

12–15, 354–355

for leadership training,

12–15, 155, 158, 159–160, 162, 164, 166–167, 168, 169, 354–355

for philanthropy,

123–124, 125

Mergers and acquisitions as health systems,

87–90

Merit-Based Incentive Payment System,

376, 387

Message Carriers,

67

MHBGs (Mental Health Services Block Grants),

41–42, 247, 248

MHealth apps

.See Mobile apps

MHPAEA (Mental Health Parity and Addiction Equity Act, 2008),

47, 52, 252

Milliman study,

115

Minimum-cutoff (multiple-hurdle) selection process,

196–197, 197

Minimum qualifications,

212

Minority tax,

296

Minors, regulatory and legislative issues for,

317–319

Misalignment of organizations,

102

Misdiagnosis (malpractice claim),

332–333

Mismanagement of medical conditions (malpractice claim),

326, 333

Mission statements,

97, 98, 174, 175, 189

Mixed implementation process,

134

Mixed model, of organizational theory,

24

M’Naughten criteria,

319

Mobile apps

evaluation and regulation of,

444, 445, 460, 467–469, 470–472, 471

overview,

116, 443–445

types of,

443, 449, 450

Moral injury,

351

Moral treatment,

247

“Motivation-hygiene” theory,

23–24

Mouton, Jane,

24, 25

Multiple-hurdle (minimum-cutoff) selection process,

196–197, 197

Mutual support organizations,

66–67

National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,

256

National Academy of Medicine,

428

National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI),

68–69

National Association for Physician Leadership,

125

National Association of Social Workers,

342

National Association of State Mental Health Program Directors,

182

National Committee for Mental Hygiene,

59

National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R),

33, 37

National Council on Behavioral Health,

80

National Dialogue on Mental Health series,

119

National Fire Protection Association,

368–369

National Football League,

300

National health care (single-payer systems),

39–49, 51–52, 261

National Health Expenditure Accounts (NHEA),

38

National Health Services Institute for Innovation and Improvement (United Kingdom),

153–154

National Institute of Mental Health,

40

National Integrated Accreditation for Healthcare Organizations (NIAHO),

178

National Labor Relations Act (Wagner Act, 1935),

221–222

National Labor Relations Board (NLRB),

221–222

National Mental Health Act (1946),

40, 41, 82

National Panel for Psychiatric Mental Health NP Competencies,

351

National Patient Safety Goals (NPSG),

182, 370

National Suicide Hotline Designation Act (2020),

260

National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH),

34

NCS-R (National Comorbidity Survey Replication),

33, 37

NC-STeP (North Carolina Statewide Telepsychiatry Program),

423, 440

Negligent tort,

328.See also Malpractice

Net income,

237–238

Next Accreditation System,

168–169

NHEA (National Health Expenditure Accounts),

38

NIAHO (National Integrated Accreditation for Healthcare Organizations),

178

NLRB (National Labor Relations Board),

221–222

Noncurrent assets,

236

Nonmaleficence (beneficence),

343, 343

North Carolina Statewide Telepsychiatry Program (NC-STeP),

423, 440

Note bloat,

421–422

“Notice of Privacy Practices” (NPP),

464

NPSG (National Patient Safety Goals),

370

NSDUH (National Survey on Drug Use and Health),

34

Nursing (NR), The Joint Commission standards on,

370

Nursing programs, accreditation resources for,

364

O*NET,

211

Obamacare

.See Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act

Observer rating scale,

400

Obsessive-compulsive disorders,

67–69

Occupational Safety and Health Act (1970),

215–216

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA),

216

O’Connor v. Donaldson (1975),

317, 326

Office for Civil Rights (OCR),

461, 468

Office for Human Research Protections,

177

Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs (OFCCP),

214

Office of the Inspector General,

183–184

Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology,

181–182, 421, 461, 468

Oldenburg Burnout Inventory,

268

Olmstead v. L.C. (1999),

250

Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (1981),

41

Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (1989),

250–251

Onboarding employees,

201

Open-door policies,

204

OpenNotes,

461

Operating expenses,

237

Operations management,

146–147, 147

Optimal work environments,

18–19, 24, 25

Organization of psychiatric health care delivery,

77–91

background,

77–78

business plans for,

96.See also Business development; Planning

community-based clinics,

39–42, 79–81, 248

conclusion,

90–91

emerging trends,

90

mergers and acquisitions as health systems,

87–90

private inpatient psychiatry,

85–87, 86–87

private practice,

78–79

state hospitals,

81–85, 83, 86–87, 247

Organizational objectives training, of employees,

200

Organizational standards,

462

Organizational theory,

17–30

background,

17–18

change stages and,

21–22

conclusion,

29–30

historical context,

18–23

leadership and sociological aspects,

21–22, 24, 25–26

process improvement systems and research,

26–29

recommended readings,

30

work satisfaction and,

23–24

ORYX initiative,

366

Osheroff v. Chestnut Lodge (1985),

326

Outcome assessment and measurements,

391–407

background,

391

case study,

396–397, 398–399, 401

conclusion,

405–407

evidence for,

394–395

historical context,

391–394, 393

implementation of,

395–396, 402–405

psychometric characteristics and sensitivity to change,

400–401

The Joint Commission standards on,

371–372

Outcome Questionnaire (OQ),

396–397

Outcome Questionnaire-45 (OQ-45),

397, 398–399, 400

Outcome Rating Scale (ORS),

397

Outpatient access, as quality improvement project,

384–385

Outpatient commitment,

317

Owners’ equity,

236–237

Pain management stewardship,

369

Parens patriae,

180

Parham v. J.R. (1979),

318

Parity legislation,

251

Participative (democratic) leadership style,

9, 21

Participatory dialogue,

64–65

Patient-centered care,

60

Patient-driven care,

61–62, 419–421

Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA, 1963)

accountable care organizations and,

46

coverage demographics,

255

False Claims Act triggers by,

183

on health IT,

459

historical context,

252

hospital value-based purchasing program of,

376

Medicaid and,

48, 49, 50, 252, 254, 255–256, 258–259, 261–262

overview,

47–48, 52, 113

repeal attempts,

50

value-based care and,

50–51

Patients

.See also Recovery-oriented services

alternative terminology for,

60–61

defined,

60

patient safety and malpractice,

335–336, 370

Pay for performance,

19, 218–219

Pay structure,

19, 218

Pay surveys,

218

PDCA (plan-do-check-act) cycle,

132–134, 133, 139

PDSA (plan-do-study-act) cycle,

139, 140, 402

“Peer advisor” program,

65

Peer review,

336, 429–430

Peer Support and Advocacy Network (PSAN),

67

Peer support programs,

67, 69–72

People in recovery

.See Recovery-oriented services

Performance anxiety,

449

Performance Improvement (PI), The Joint Commission standards on,

371

Performance management,

189, 189, 201–204, 203–204.See also Talent management

Performance review, The Joint Commission standards on,

369–370

Permanent Doc Fix,

48–49

Person-driven care,

61–62

Personal health records (PHRs),

416, 422

Personal recovery plan,

62

Personnel expenditures,

240–241

Perspectives publication (The Joint Commission),

365, 366

Pharmacy licensure,

361

PHI (protected health information),

460, 461–467

Philanthropy,

121–125, 124

Phobias,

449

Physical safeguards,

462

Physician leaders,

175

Physician Self-Referral Law (Stark Law),

182–184

Pipeline programs, for diversity leadership,

298–299

Plan-do-study-act (PDSA) cycle,

402

Planning,

95–109

alignment of,

101–103, 103

background,

95–97

for budget and finance management,

230–231, 235–243

business and strategic plan development,

96, 97–105.See also Business development

business model innovation and design,

96, 105–109, 107–108

conclusion,

108–109

design thinking and innovation,

105–106, 107

execution of,

103–105, 104

for health IT updates and investments,

427–428

industry analysis and continual environmental scanning,

99–100

mission, vision, values, and strategies,

97–100

for recovery-oriented services,

62–63

SWOT analysis,

99, 100, 101

for workforce,

189, 189, 190–191, 191–192

Point factor method,

218

Police powers,

180, 316

Population health,

424

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD),

275, 335, 348, 449

Power imbalances,

293–296

Power of attorney,

312–313

Predictive validation, for testing of job candidates,

198

Preferred provider organizations (PPOs),

246

Preferred qualifications,

212

Pregnancy Discrimination Act (1978),

214

President’s Commission on Mental Health,

40–41

President’s New Freedom Commission on Mental Health,

41, 60

Previsit questionnaires,

62

Primary Care Medical Home certification,

364–365

Privacy and security of health IT

background,

459–461, 460

business associate agreements and,

463

case examples,

467, 469

for consumer apps and websites,

467–469, 470–472, 471

HIPAA on,

441, 445, 452, 459, 460, 461–466

HITECH on,

47, 50–51, 52, 423, 452, 459, 462, 463

for substance use disorder patient records,

466–467

21st Century Cures Act on,

181–182, 467

Private coverage

background,

245

demographics,

37, 255

enrollment with,

78

evolution of,

246–247

future directions for,

52

historical context,

112–113, 247–248

managed care and,

44–45

mental health care spending by,

44–45

private practice participation in,

78

Private inpatient psychiatry,

85–87, 86–87

Private practice, organization of,

78–79

Private sector’s role in health care,

52

Process, defined,

392

Process improvement systems and research,

26–29

Process management,

403

Process of care,

392, 393

“Produce or perish” leadership style,

24

Professional attitude, defined,

404

Professional boundary violation (malpractice claim),

334

Professional ethics codes

.See Ethics in clinical leadership

Professional practice evaluations,

176

Professionalism,

154

Protected health information (PHI),

460, 461–467

Provision of Care (PC),

370–371

PSAN (Peer Support and Advocacy Network),

67

Psychiatric administration and leadership

basic concepts

.See Behavioral health care landscape; Leadership; Organizational theory; Recovery-oriented services

evaluation of psychiatric services

.See Institutional accreditation and licensure; Outcome assessment and measurements; Quality and performance improvement

information technology for

.See Health information technology

law and ethics

.See Ethics in clinical leadership; Legal and regulatory issues; Malpractice

management, finances and budget management of programs

.See Burnout; Diversity and inclusion; Governance; Human resource management; Innovation implementation; Talent acquisition; Talent management; Training for leadership

organizational challenges

.See Business development; Organization of psychiatric health care delivery; Planning

personal perspective on,

477–482

Psychiatric advance directives,

311–312

Psychiatric interview previsit questionnaires,

62

Psychology interns, accreditation resources for,

364

PTSD (posttraumatic stress disorder),

275, 335, 348, 449

Public asylum system

.See Asylum system

Public speaking, fear of,

449

Quadruple Aims,

277–278, 415–416, 418–419, 430

Quality and performance improvement,

375–388

accountable care organizations and management of,

46

background,

375

case studies in,

382–386

conclusion,

388

continuous quality improvement process,

380

defined,

28

definitions,

375

externally motivated monitoring activities,

377, 378–379

failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA),

381, 382, 383

internally motivated monitoring activities,

377–378

Lean principles and processes,

381, 383

regulation and accrediting bodies,

375–377, 378–380

root cause analysis for,

379–380, 382, 383

Six Sigma,

380, 383, 385

Toyota production system,

381

treatment plan and,

387–388

Quality Chasm’s 10 rules,

377, 378–379, 387

Quality of care,

392, 393

Queen v. M’Naughten (1843),

319

Quest Diagnostics,

426–427

Questionnaire implementation,

141–142, 370

Qui Tam relator,

183

R3 (requirements, rationale, references) report,

365

Racial and ethnic minority physicians

.See also Diversity and inclusion

burnout and,

271–272, 280–283

in leadership positions,

291–292, 293–295, 294

strategies for increasing leadership opportunities for,

298–301

undergraduate medical education and,

295–296, 295–296

Rating scales, for digital health technology,

450–451

Real reality,

448

Reasonable accommodation,

215

Reconciliation of net worth statements (statement of changes),

238

Record of Care (RC), The Joint Commission standards on,

371

Recovery Inc.,

66

Recovery-oriented services,

59–73

administrative, planning, and quality activities,

62–63

advocacy and,

66–67, 68–69, 68

background,

59–60

conclusion,

72–73

educational activities,

63, 68–69

family inclusion for,

67–69

funding for,

258–259

implementation challenges,

72

intervention points for,

61–72

peer and mutual supports,

66–67, 69–72

people in recovery as educators,

64–66

as person-driven care,

61–62

personal experiences and,

64–70

state psychiatric hospitals and,

83

terminology,

60–61

Recovery Oriented Services Evaluation (AACP),

63

Recovery to Practice curriculum,

65

Recruiting,

193–195, 196.See also Talent acquisition

Referrals, regulation of,

182–184

Regulatory compliance training of, employees,

200

Regulatory issues

.See Legal and regulatory issues

Rehabilitation Act (1973),

214

Relationship leadership theories,

8

Relative value units,

19

Reliability, for effective leadership,

14

Remuneration,

183

Requirements, rationale, references (R3) report,

365

Requirements for improvement (finding of deficiencies),

366–372

Research, regulation of,

177

Residency programs

accreditation resources for,

364

burnout and,

274–275

leadership training,

13–15, 153–154, 155, 158, 159–167, 168–169

unions and union membership,

221

Residential programming and housing funding,

259

Respect for human dignity and rights,

343, 343

Restraint policies, The Joint Commission standards on,

371

Restraints,

336

Return on investment (ROI),

89–90

Rights and Responsibilities of the Individual (RI), The Joint Commission standards on,

371–372

Risk arrangements,

261

Risk assessment through mHealth apps,

444

Risk management,

334–338, 370

Roethlisberger, Fritz,

21

ROI (return on investment),

89–90

Rooney Rule,

300

Root cause analysis (RCA),

379–380, 382, 383

Rounding, with digital health technology,

442

Routine Outcome Monitoring (ROM) system (case study),

142–148, 144–145, 147

Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada,

153

Ryan Haight Online Pharmacy Consumer Protection Act (2008),

452

Safeguards (administrative),

462

Safety

fire safety,

367, 368–369

hazardous materials safety,

367

patient safety and malpractice,

335–336, 370

as quality improvement task,

382

of staff,

215–216, 382

The Joint Commission standards on,

367, 368

Transplant Safety (TS),

372

Sales (total) billing,

237

SaMD (Software as a Medical Device),

469, 471, 472–473

SAMHSA (Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration),

34, 38, 65, 71, 259

Sandy Hook Elementary School massacre,

119

Satisfiers,

23–24

Scalar chain,

20

Schizophrenia,

449

Seclusion policies,

336, 371

Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC),

235–236

Security of the premises,

367

Security Rule,

180–181

Selection interview,

198–199

Self-actualization,

22–23

Self-awareness, for effective leadership,

14

Self-care, as ethical practice,

344–345

Self-determination (autonomy),

343, 344, 349

Self-esteem,

22–23

Self-examination and -reflection, for cultural humility,

293

Self-funded employer plans,

249–250

Self-rating scales, defined,

400

Self-referrals, regulation of,

182–183

Self-report measures, defined,

400

Sensory dimension,

448

Serious emotional disturbance, defined,

34

Serious mental illness (SMI) demographics,

33–36, 34–35, 37

Service lines of organizations,

174–175

Sexual contact between psychiatrist and patient,

334

Sharfstein, Steven S.,

477–482

Sheppard Pratt Health System,

88, 381–382, 478–481

SiMD (Software in a Medical Device),

471

Simulator Sickness Questionnaire,

450

Single-payer systems,

39–49, 51–52, 261

Single-specialty group practices,

78, 79

Six Sigma,

28–29, 29, 380, 383, 385

SMART Plan of Implementation,

137–138

SMHAs (State Mental Health Authorities),

258–259

SMI (serious mental illness) demographics,

33–36, 34–35, 37

Smith, William B., Jr.,

28

Social determinants of health,

247, 253

Social media platforms,

424–425, 445–448

Social psychology,

21

Social Security Act (1935),

362

Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI),

40, 43–44

Socialization, of new employees,

201

Software as a Medical Device (SaMD),

469, 471, 472–473

Software in a Medical Device (SiMD),

471

Solo practitioners,

78

SPARX,

443

Specialty psychiatry hospitals,

85–86, 86–87

SSDI (Social Security Disability Insurance),

40, 43–44

SSI (Supplemental Security Income),

40

Stakeholders, accountability to,

228, 344, 345–346

Standardization of procedures,

19, 27

Standard of care

defined,

329

for suicide risk,

331–332, 370

Standards and Interoperability Framework,

421

State health coverage

federalism and,

253–254

finances,

258–259

historical context,

247–249

state psychiatric hospitals,

81–85, 83, 86–87, 247

State law, on privacy,

181, 182

State Mental Health Authorities (SMHAs),

258–259

State psychiatric hospitals,

81–85, 83, 86–87.See also Asylum system

Statement of changes (reconciliation of net worth statements),

238

Statement of earnings,

237

Statement of operations,

237

Statutory benefits,

220

STEM Outreach Out of School Time programs,

298

12-step programs,

66, 67

Stigmatization,

120

Stop the Stigma campaign,

120

Strategy and strategic planning,

99–100.See also Planning

Stratton v. Swanlond (England; 1375),

324

Strength-based leadership,

351–353

Strike contingency plan,

222

Structural competence,

297–298

Structural humility,

297–298, 300

Structure, defined,

392

Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA),

34, 38, 65, 71, 259

Substance use disorders (SUDs)

confidentiality of records on,

314, 466–467

demographics,

34, 35, 35

support and advocacy for,

66–67

virtual reality application for,

449, 450

Succession planning,

191

Suicide

burnout and,

275

crisis services for,

260

malpractice claims and,

331–332, 336, 370

SuperBetter,

443

Supplemental Security Income (SSI),

40

Surveys

by CMS,

363

by The Joint Commission,

362, 364, 365–366, 376

for state licensure,

364

The Joint Commission findings of deficiency guide,

366–372

SWOT analysis,

99, 100, 101

Symptom Checklist–90 (SCL-90),

397, 398–399, 401

Taft-Hartley Act (1947),

221

Talent acquisition

background,

189, 189, 192–193

cost per hire,

193, 196

recruiting,

193–195, 196

selection process,

193, 195–199, 197, 199

telepsychiatry as alternative to,

437–438

Talent management,

187–208

background,

187–188

conclusion,

205–206

defined,

188–189, 189

future trends and challenges,

204–205

performance management,

189, 201–204, 203–204

The Joint Commission standards on,

369–370

training and employee development,

189, 199–201

workforce planning,

189, 190–191, 191–192

Tarasoff v. Regents of the University of California (1974, 1976),

181, 315, 326, 332

Targeted recruitment,

193–194

Task specialization,

18–19

Taylor, Frederick W.,

18–19, 20, 26–27

Telehealth,

257, 369–370

Telehealth Modernization Act (2015),

440–441

Telemedicine and telepsychiatry,

257, 369–370, 423–424, 437–443, 452, 454

Testing of job candidates,

197–199, 199

Texas Risk Assessment System (TRAS),

444

Texas State Mental Health Agency,

42

The Conference Board,

17–18

The Joint Commission

accreditation by,

362, 364–365, 376

application process,

365–366

certification by,

362, 364–365

deeming authority of,

362–364

documentation requirements by,

179

historical context,

376

human resource standards,

367–368

licensure vs. accreditation,

364

ligature risk points and,

179–180

overview,

82, 178, 182

standards development by,

365

surveyor’s findings guide,

366–372

Theory X and Theory Y,

8, 22

Think tanks,

377, 402

Third-party payers, quality standards development by,

376–377

To Err Is Human: Building a Safer Health System (IOM),

377

Top-down implementation,

134

Tort claims (civil wrongs),

323, 328.See also Malpractice

Total (sales) billing,

237

Total quality management,

380

Toyota production system (Toyota Way),

27, 27, 381.See also Lean principles and processes

Traditional authority,

19–20

Training for employee development,

189, 189, 199–201

Training for leadership,

153–169.See also Talent management

accreditation for health care providers,

364

accreditation of,

168–169

challenges of,

154–155

content of,

156, 157

current state of,

153–154

diversity spotlight,

155–156, 300

formatting of,

156–158, 159–167, 168

future directions for,

169

for health IT use,

429–430

for measurement instruments,

400

measuring quality or outcomes of,

168

with mentorships,

12–15, 155, 158, 159–160, 162, 164, 166–167, 168, 169, 354–355

personal perspective on,

480

philosophy of,

154

regulatory compliance,

200

Trait theory,

7

Transactional leadership (exchange theory),

7

Transactional leadership style,

10

Transformational (charismatic) leadership style,

9

Transformational leadership theories,

8

“Transinstitutionalization” of patients,

316

Transparency,

346–347, 481–482

Transplant Safety (TS),

372

Trans-realities,

448

TRAS (Texas Risk Assessment System),

444

Trauma-informed care,

259

Treatment-resistant schizophrenia,

449

TRICARE,

254, 256

Triennial surveys,

365–366

Triple Aim,

113, 269, 277–278

Trustworthiness and truthfulness (veracity),

343, 344, 482

21st Century Cures Act (2016),

181–182, 467

Twitter,

425, 447

U.K. National Health Services,

51

Undergraduate medical education,

176–177, 295–296, 295–296, 364

Uniform Guidelines on Employee Selection Procedures,

198

Uniformed Services Employment and Reemployment Rights Act (1994),

214–215

Union avoidance,

222

Unions and union membership,

221–222

United States Core Data for Interoperability (USCDI),

467

Universal health care coverage,

39–49, 51–52, 261

Universal Health Services,

86

Upside risk arrangements,

261

U.S. Army,

10–13, 11, 98

Utilities management,

367

Value-based care,

50–51, 98, 114–116, 378–380, 387–388

Value-based purchasing arrangements,

260–261

Value Proposition Canvas (VPC),

96–97, 108

Values, of organizations,

98

Variable (incentive) pay,

218–220, 219

Veracity (trustworthiness, truthfulness),

343, 344, 482

Vertical dyad linkage theory (exchange theory),

7

Veterans’ Employment and Training Service (VETS),

214

Veterans Health Administration,

28, 254, 256

Violence risk assessment,

315–316, 332

Virtuous cycle,

120–121

Vision statements,

98, 174, 189, 230–231, 478–479

Voices of recovery

.See Recovery-oriented services

“Volume to value” health care system shift,

50–51

Voluntary benefits,

220

VPC (Value Proposition Canvas),

96–97, 108

Wagner Act (National Labor Relations Act, 1935),

221–222

Waived Testing (WT),

361, 372

Walgreens,

52

Walmart,

52

Watson AI system,

426–427

Weber, Max,

19–20

Wellness initiatives and strategies, for healthy teams,

277–285, 280–282

Wellness management apps,

443

Wellness Recovery Action Plan (WRAP),

62

Whistleblowers,

183

White fragility,

293

“Whole is greater than the sum of the parts,”

21–23

Wild Divine,

443

Woodlands Psychiatry and Counseling Company,

213

Work analysis,

210–212

Work satisfaction,

23–24

Workplace Violence Prevention Program (Veterans Health Administration),

28

World Health Organization (WHO),

115, 116, 439

WRAP (Wellness Recovery Action Plan),

62

Wrongful death (malpractice claim),

331–332

Wyatt v. Stickney (1972),

326

Xcertia,

468

Yale New Haven Hospital,

213

Yale University Department of Psychiatry,

156

Youngberg v. Romeo (1982),

326

Zero-based budget,

233