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Abstract

Maltreatment and resultant traumatic stress can disrupt child and youth development and lead to negative effects in adulthood. A staged, trauma-informed approach to pharmacologic treatment may be beneficial for children with a history of maltreatment–associated trauma and current traumatic stress.

Abstract

Child maltreatment is a significant risk factor for severe psychiatric outcomes in childhood and contributes to problematic symptoms that direct parents, teachers, or other invested parties to seek psychiatric intervention. With ongoing workforce shortages, much of the pediatric psychiatric care to this population is delivered by generalists. Child maltreatment and trauma can critically alter a child’s development trajectory, affecting potential success in school and other important life pursuits. In addition, child maltreatment and resultant traumatic stress can dramatically disrupt child and adolescent development of healthy emotional regulation, distress tolerance, and the ability to form effective interpersonal relationships. Such disruption can lead to presentations within children and adolescents that mimic other symptoms of psychopathology but that typically respond poorly to traditional psychopharmacology. Ineffective treatment trials can lead to increased risk of polypharmacy and inaccurate expectations for treatment benefits. Such treatment efforts may impede addressing important environmental contributors and delay indicated therapeutic strategies. This article seeks to review child maltreatment—including core features and prevalence, overlap of child maltreatment with adverse childhood experiences, developmental impacts of exposure and resultant traumatic stress, guidance for appropriate assessment, and evidence-based interventions—and provide basic deprescribing guidelines to reduce polypharmacy burden.

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History

Published in print: Spring 2022
Published online: 22 April 2022

Keywords

  1. Child Psychiatry
  2. child maltreatment
  3. trauma-informed therapy
  4. deprescribing
  5. polypharmacy
  6. traumatic stress

Authors

Details

Brooks R. Keeshin, M.D. [email protected]
Department of Pediatrics (Keeshin) and Department of Psychiatry (Monson), Huntsman Mental Health Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City.
Eric T. Monson, M.D., Ph.D.
Department of Pediatrics (Keeshin) and Department of Psychiatry (Monson), Huntsman Mental Health Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City.

Notes

Send correspondence to Dr. Keeshin ([email protected]).

Funding Information

The authors report no financial relationships with commercial interests.

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