Existential Analysis and Psychoanalysis: Specific Differences and Personal Relationship between Ludwig Binswanger and Sigmund Freud

The concise curriculum vitae of the founder of existential analysis is followed by an exact comparison of the polarity (homo natura versus homo cultura) between Binswanger and Freud. Then the five stages in the development of (Existential Daseinsanalysis Analysis) are described: the stage of learning, practice, of criticism, of the alternative to psychoanalysis, and of reconciliation. The criticism is aimed especially at Freud’s naturalism and at the concept of drive. These concepts are opposed by ontoanalytic doctrines derived from Heidegger’s ontoanalysis. The differences are further exemplified by the comparison of the existentialanalytical and the psychoanalytical view of the unconscious. A presentation of the treatment of a “hysterical phobia,” which is first explained in psychoanalytic terms and later in existentialanalytic terminology (mainly concerning the world-projects) makes the difference between the two schools of thought explicit.