Sensitization Phenomena in Psychiatric Illness: Lessons from the Kindling Model
Abstract
THE KINDLING MODEL OF EPILEPSY
THE HIPPOCAMPUS: A MODEL FOR THE STUDY OF THE MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF KINDLING
GLUTAMATE RECEPTORS: A BRIEF PERSPECTIVE
Glutamate Receptor Subtypes: The NMDA Receptor
Subunits of Glutamate Receptor Subtypes
EVIDENCE IMPLICATING NMDA RECEPTORS IN SEIZURE ACTIVITY IN VITRO AND IN VIVO
ENHANCED SYNAPTIC FUNCTION AS A MECHANISM OF THE HYPEREXCITABILITY IN KINDLING
Evidence From Dentate Granule Cells
Evidence From Pyramidal Cells
Induction of Novel NMDA Receptors
The Hypothesis of Altered Subunit Composition
The Phosphorylation Hypothesis
RELEVANCE OF KINDLING TO OTHER SENSITIZATION PHENOMENA
Repeated Stimulus and Sensitization
Permanence of Sensitization
NMDA Receptor Mediation and Sensitivity Syndromes
NMDA Receptor Function and Schizophrenia
The Phosphorylation Hypothesis and Schizophrenia
OTHER CONSIDERATIONS
The Kindling Model in Animals and Human Pathology
Stages of Sensitization and Modes of Therapeutic Intervention
Other Processes Affecting Kindling and Sensitization Phenomena
CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
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