Overview: applications of operant technology to behavioral disorders of adolescents

Through a comprehensive review of the pertinent literature, the authors document the minimal impact of operant technology on adolescent psychiatry. Turning largely to the literature from other, nonmedical disciplines, they describe the development of effective behavioral interventions with inpatient populations, applications to the outpatient setting, and ethical and legal issues. The authors conclude that operant technology applied to behavioral disorders of adolescents can offer powerful and reliable therapeutic effects. They comment on the limited impact of operant technology on adolescent psychiatry and suggest future directions that may lead to greater interest and acceptance by psychiatrists.