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New Research
Published Online: 1 August 2013
Efficacy of Functional Remediation in Bipolar Disorder: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Study
Carla Torrent, Ph.D., Caterina del Mar Bonnin, Ph.D., Anabel Martínez-Arán, Ph.D., Jesús Valle, M.D., Ph.D., Benedikt L. Amann, M.D., Ph.D., Ana González-Pinto, M.D., Ph.D., José Manuel Crespo, M.D., Ph.D., … Show All … , Ángela Ibáñez, M.D., Ph.D., Mari Paz Garcia-Portilla, M.D., Ph.D., Rafael Tabarés-Seisdedos, M.D., Ph.D., Celso Arango, M.D., Ph.D., Francesc Colom, Ph.D., Brisa Solé, Psy.D., Isabella Pacchiarotti, M.D., Ph.D., Adriane R. Rosa, Ph.D., Jose Luis Ayuso-Mateos, M.D., Ph.D., Celia Anaya, Ph.D., Patricia Fernández, Ph.D., Ramon Landín-Romero, Ph.D., Silvia Alonso-Lana, M.Sc., Jordi Ortiz-Gil, Ph.D., Bàrbara Segura, Ph.D., Sara Barbeito, Ph.D., Patricia Vega, Psy.D., Miryam Fernández, Ph.D., Amaia Ugarte, Ph.D., Marta Subirà, M.B.B.S., M.D., Ester Cerrillo, M.B.B.S., M.D., Núria Custal, M.D., Ph.D., José Manuel Menchón, M.D., Ph.D., Jerónimo Saiz-Ruiz, M.D., Ph.D., Jose Maria Rodao, Ph.D., Sandra Isella, Ph.D., Analucía Alegría, M.Sc., Susana Al-Halabi, Ph.D., Julio Bobes, M.D., Ph.D., Gonzalo Galván, Ph.D., Pilar A. Saiz, M.D., Ph.D., Vicent Balanzá-Martínez, M.D., Ph.D., Gabriel Selva, M.D., Ph.D., Inmaculada Fuentes-Durá, Ph.D., Patricia Correa, Psy.D., María Mayoral, Ph.D., Guadalupe Chiclana, Ph.D., Jessica Merchan-Naranjo, M.Sc., Marta Rapado-Castro, Ph.D., Manel Salamero, M.D., Ph.D., and Eduard Vieta, M.D., Ph.D. Show FewerAuthors Info & Affiliations
Publication: American Journal of Psychiatry
Abstract
Objective
The authors sought to assess the efficacy of functional remediation, a novel intervention program, on functional improvement in a sample of euthymic patients with bipolar disorder.
Method
In a multicenter, randomized, rater-blind clinical trial involving 239 outpatients with DSM-IV bipolar disorder, functional remediation (N=77) was compared with psychoeducation (N=82) and treatment as usual (N=80) over 21 weeks. Pharmacological treatment was kept stable in all three groups. The primary outcome measure was improvement in global psychosocial functioning, measured blindly as the mean change in score on the Functioning Assessment Short Test from baseline to endpoint.
Results
At the end of the study, 183 patients completed the treatment phase. Repeated-measures analysis revealed significant functional improvement from baseline to endpoint over the 21 weeks of treatment (last observation carried forward), suggesting an interaction between treatment assignment and time. Tukey’s post hoc tests revealed that functional remediation differed significantly from treatment as usual, but not from psychoeducation.
Conclusions
Functional remediation, a novel group intervention, showed efficacy in improving the functional outcome of a sample of euthymic bipolar patients as compared with treatment as usual.
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Supplementary Material
Supplementary Material (852_ds001.pdf)
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Information & Authors
Information
Published In
History
Received: 25 July 2012
Revision received: 25 October 2012
Accepted: 6 December 2012
Published online: 1 August 2013
Published in print: August 2013
Authors
Affiliations
Carla Torrent, Ph.D.
From the Centers for Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Madrid, Vitoria, Oviedo, and Valencia, Spain; the Bipolar Disorder Program, Clinical Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona; the August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona; the European Network of Bipolar Research Expert Centers (ENBREC), Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Autonomous University of Madrid, Research Institute of the Hospital de La Princesa, Madrid; FIDMAG Research Foundation, Barcelona; General Hospital of Granollers, Barcelona; Álava University Hospital, University of the Basque Country, Kronikgune, Vitoria, Spain; the Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona; the Department of Clinical Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, Barcelona University, Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Ramon y Cajal Institute of Health Research (IRYCIS), University of Alcala, Madrid; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Oviedo, Oviedo; the Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; and the Gregorio Marañón University General Hospital and Health Research Institute (IISGM), Madrid.
Caterina del Mar Bonnin, Ph.D.
From the Centers for Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Madrid, Vitoria, Oviedo, and Valencia, Spain; the Bipolar Disorder Program, Clinical Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona; the August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona; the European Network of Bipolar Research Expert Centers (ENBREC), Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Autonomous University of Madrid, Research Institute of the Hospital de La Princesa, Madrid; FIDMAG Research Foundation, Barcelona; General Hospital of Granollers, Barcelona; Álava University Hospital, University of the Basque Country, Kronikgune, Vitoria, Spain; the Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona; the Department of Clinical Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, Barcelona University, Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Ramon y Cajal Institute of Health Research (IRYCIS), University of Alcala, Madrid; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Oviedo, Oviedo; the Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; and the Gregorio Marañón University General Hospital and Health Research Institute (IISGM), Madrid.
Anabel Martínez-Arán, Ph.D.
From the Centers for Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Madrid, Vitoria, Oviedo, and Valencia, Spain; the Bipolar Disorder Program, Clinical Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona; the August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona; the European Network of Bipolar Research Expert Centers (ENBREC), Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Autonomous University of Madrid, Research Institute of the Hospital de La Princesa, Madrid; FIDMAG Research Foundation, Barcelona; General Hospital of Granollers, Barcelona; Álava University Hospital, University of the Basque Country, Kronikgune, Vitoria, Spain; the Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona; the Department of Clinical Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, Barcelona University, Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Ramon y Cajal Institute of Health Research (IRYCIS), University of Alcala, Madrid; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Oviedo, Oviedo; the Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; and the Gregorio Marañón University General Hospital and Health Research Institute (IISGM), Madrid.
Jesús Valle, M.D., Ph.D.
From the Centers for Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Madrid, Vitoria, Oviedo, and Valencia, Spain; the Bipolar Disorder Program, Clinical Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona; the August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona; the European Network of Bipolar Research Expert Centers (ENBREC), Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Autonomous University of Madrid, Research Institute of the Hospital de La Princesa, Madrid; FIDMAG Research Foundation, Barcelona; General Hospital of Granollers, Barcelona; Álava University Hospital, University of the Basque Country, Kronikgune, Vitoria, Spain; the Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona; the Department of Clinical Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, Barcelona University, Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Ramon y Cajal Institute of Health Research (IRYCIS), University of Alcala, Madrid; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Oviedo, Oviedo; the Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; and the Gregorio Marañón University General Hospital and Health Research Institute (IISGM), Madrid.
Benedikt L. Amann, M.D., Ph.D.
From the Centers for Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Madrid, Vitoria, Oviedo, and Valencia, Spain; the Bipolar Disorder Program, Clinical Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona; the August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona; the European Network of Bipolar Research Expert Centers (ENBREC), Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Autonomous University of Madrid, Research Institute of the Hospital de La Princesa, Madrid; FIDMAG Research Foundation, Barcelona; General Hospital of Granollers, Barcelona; Álava University Hospital, University of the Basque Country, Kronikgune, Vitoria, Spain; the Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona; the Department of Clinical Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, Barcelona University, Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Ramon y Cajal Institute of Health Research (IRYCIS), University of Alcala, Madrid; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Oviedo, Oviedo; the Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; and the Gregorio Marañón University General Hospital and Health Research Institute (IISGM), Madrid.
Ana González-Pinto, M.D., Ph.D.
From the Centers for Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Madrid, Vitoria, Oviedo, and Valencia, Spain; the Bipolar Disorder Program, Clinical Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona; the August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona; the European Network of Bipolar Research Expert Centers (ENBREC), Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Autonomous University of Madrid, Research Institute of the Hospital de La Princesa, Madrid; FIDMAG Research Foundation, Barcelona; General Hospital of Granollers, Barcelona; Álava University Hospital, University of the Basque Country, Kronikgune, Vitoria, Spain; the Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona; the Department of Clinical Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, Barcelona University, Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Ramon y Cajal Institute of Health Research (IRYCIS), University of Alcala, Madrid; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Oviedo, Oviedo; the Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; and the Gregorio Marañón University General Hospital and Health Research Institute (IISGM), Madrid.
José Manuel Crespo, M.D., Ph.D.
From the Centers for Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Madrid, Vitoria, Oviedo, and Valencia, Spain; the Bipolar Disorder Program, Clinical Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona; the August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona; the European Network of Bipolar Research Expert Centers (ENBREC), Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Autonomous University of Madrid, Research Institute of the Hospital de La Princesa, Madrid; FIDMAG Research Foundation, Barcelona; General Hospital of Granollers, Barcelona; Álava University Hospital, University of the Basque Country, Kronikgune, Vitoria, Spain; the Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona; the Department of Clinical Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, Barcelona University, Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Ramon y Cajal Institute of Health Research (IRYCIS), University of Alcala, Madrid; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Oviedo, Oviedo; the Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; and the Gregorio Marañón University General Hospital and Health Research Institute (IISGM), Madrid.
Ángela Ibáñez, M.D., Ph.D.
From the Centers for Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Madrid, Vitoria, Oviedo, and Valencia, Spain; the Bipolar Disorder Program, Clinical Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona; the August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona; the European Network of Bipolar Research Expert Centers (ENBREC), Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Autonomous University of Madrid, Research Institute of the Hospital de La Princesa, Madrid; FIDMAG Research Foundation, Barcelona; General Hospital of Granollers, Barcelona; Álava University Hospital, University of the Basque Country, Kronikgune, Vitoria, Spain; the Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona; the Department of Clinical Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, Barcelona University, Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Ramon y Cajal Institute of Health Research (IRYCIS), University of Alcala, Madrid; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Oviedo, Oviedo; the Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; and the Gregorio Marañón University General Hospital and Health Research Institute (IISGM), Madrid.
Mari Paz Garcia-Portilla, M.D., Ph.D.
From the Centers for Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Madrid, Vitoria, Oviedo, and Valencia, Spain; the Bipolar Disorder Program, Clinical Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona; the August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona; the European Network of Bipolar Research Expert Centers (ENBREC), Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Autonomous University of Madrid, Research Institute of the Hospital de La Princesa, Madrid; FIDMAG Research Foundation, Barcelona; General Hospital of Granollers, Barcelona; Álava University Hospital, University of the Basque Country, Kronikgune, Vitoria, Spain; the Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona; the Department of Clinical Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, Barcelona University, Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Ramon y Cajal Institute of Health Research (IRYCIS), University of Alcala, Madrid; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Oviedo, Oviedo; the Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; and the Gregorio Marañón University General Hospital and Health Research Institute (IISGM), Madrid.
Rafael Tabarés-Seisdedos, M.D., Ph.D.
From the Centers for Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Madrid, Vitoria, Oviedo, and Valencia, Spain; the Bipolar Disorder Program, Clinical Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona; the August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona; the European Network of Bipolar Research Expert Centers (ENBREC), Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Autonomous University of Madrid, Research Institute of the Hospital de La Princesa, Madrid; FIDMAG Research Foundation, Barcelona; General Hospital of Granollers, Barcelona; Álava University Hospital, University of the Basque Country, Kronikgune, Vitoria, Spain; the Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona; the Department of Clinical Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, Barcelona University, Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Ramon y Cajal Institute of Health Research (IRYCIS), University of Alcala, Madrid; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Oviedo, Oviedo; the Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; and the Gregorio Marañón University General Hospital and Health Research Institute (IISGM), Madrid.
Celso Arango, M.D., Ph.D.
From the Centers for Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Madrid, Vitoria, Oviedo, and Valencia, Spain; the Bipolar Disorder Program, Clinical Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona; the August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona; the European Network of Bipolar Research Expert Centers (ENBREC), Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Autonomous University of Madrid, Research Institute of the Hospital de La Princesa, Madrid; FIDMAG Research Foundation, Barcelona; General Hospital of Granollers, Barcelona; Álava University Hospital, University of the Basque Country, Kronikgune, Vitoria, Spain; the Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona; the Department of Clinical Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, Barcelona University, Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Ramon y Cajal Institute of Health Research (IRYCIS), University of Alcala, Madrid; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Oviedo, Oviedo; the Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; and the Gregorio Marañón University General Hospital and Health Research Institute (IISGM), Madrid.
Francesc Colom, Ph.D.
From the Centers for Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Madrid, Vitoria, Oviedo, and Valencia, Spain; the Bipolar Disorder Program, Clinical Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona; the August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona; the European Network of Bipolar Research Expert Centers (ENBREC), Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Autonomous University of Madrid, Research Institute of the Hospital de La Princesa, Madrid; FIDMAG Research Foundation, Barcelona; General Hospital of Granollers, Barcelona; Álava University Hospital, University of the Basque Country, Kronikgune, Vitoria, Spain; the Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona; the Department of Clinical Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, Barcelona University, Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Ramon y Cajal Institute of Health Research (IRYCIS), University of Alcala, Madrid; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Oviedo, Oviedo; the Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; and the Gregorio Marañón University General Hospital and Health Research Institute (IISGM), Madrid.
Brisa Solé, Psy.D.
From the Centers for Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Madrid, Vitoria, Oviedo, and Valencia, Spain; the Bipolar Disorder Program, Clinical Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona; the August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona; the European Network of Bipolar Research Expert Centers (ENBREC), Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Autonomous University of Madrid, Research Institute of the Hospital de La Princesa, Madrid; FIDMAG Research Foundation, Barcelona; General Hospital of Granollers, Barcelona; Álava University Hospital, University of the Basque Country, Kronikgune, Vitoria, Spain; the Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona; the Department of Clinical Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, Barcelona University, Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Ramon y Cajal Institute of Health Research (IRYCIS), University of Alcala, Madrid; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Oviedo, Oviedo; the Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; and the Gregorio Marañón University General Hospital and Health Research Institute (IISGM), Madrid.
Isabella Pacchiarotti, M.D., Ph.D.
From the Centers for Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Madrid, Vitoria, Oviedo, and Valencia, Spain; the Bipolar Disorder Program, Clinical Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona; the August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona; the European Network of Bipolar Research Expert Centers (ENBREC), Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Autonomous University of Madrid, Research Institute of the Hospital de La Princesa, Madrid; FIDMAG Research Foundation, Barcelona; General Hospital of Granollers, Barcelona; Álava University Hospital, University of the Basque Country, Kronikgune, Vitoria, Spain; the Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona; the Department of Clinical Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, Barcelona University, Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Ramon y Cajal Institute of Health Research (IRYCIS), University of Alcala, Madrid; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Oviedo, Oviedo; the Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; and the Gregorio Marañón University General Hospital and Health Research Institute (IISGM), Madrid.
Adriane R. Rosa, Ph.D.
From the Centers for Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Madrid, Vitoria, Oviedo, and Valencia, Spain; the Bipolar Disorder Program, Clinical Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona; the August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona; the European Network of Bipolar Research Expert Centers (ENBREC), Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Autonomous University of Madrid, Research Institute of the Hospital de La Princesa, Madrid; FIDMAG Research Foundation, Barcelona; General Hospital of Granollers, Barcelona; Álava University Hospital, University of the Basque Country, Kronikgune, Vitoria, Spain; the Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona; the Department of Clinical Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, Barcelona University, Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Ramon y Cajal Institute of Health Research (IRYCIS), University of Alcala, Madrid; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Oviedo, Oviedo; the Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; and the Gregorio Marañón University General Hospital and Health Research Institute (IISGM), Madrid.
Jose Luis Ayuso-Mateos, M.D., Ph.D.
From the Centers for Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Madrid, Vitoria, Oviedo, and Valencia, Spain; the Bipolar Disorder Program, Clinical Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona; the August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona; the European Network of Bipolar Research Expert Centers (ENBREC), Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Autonomous University of Madrid, Research Institute of the Hospital de La Princesa, Madrid; FIDMAG Research Foundation, Barcelona; General Hospital of Granollers, Barcelona; Álava University Hospital, University of the Basque Country, Kronikgune, Vitoria, Spain; the Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona; the Department of Clinical Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, Barcelona University, Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Ramon y Cajal Institute of Health Research (IRYCIS), University of Alcala, Madrid; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Oviedo, Oviedo; the Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; and the Gregorio Marañón University General Hospital and Health Research Institute (IISGM), Madrid.
Celia Anaya, Ph.D.
From the Centers for Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Madrid, Vitoria, Oviedo, and Valencia, Spain; the Bipolar Disorder Program, Clinical Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona; the August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona; the European Network of Bipolar Research Expert Centers (ENBREC), Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Autonomous University of Madrid, Research Institute of the Hospital de La Princesa, Madrid; FIDMAG Research Foundation, Barcelona; General Hospital of Granollers, Barcelona; Álava University Hospital, University of the Basque Country, Kronikgune, Vitoria, Spain; the Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona; the Department of Clinical Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, Barcelona University, Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Ramon y Cajal Institute of Health Research (IRYCIS), University of Alcala, Madrid; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Oviedo, Oviedo; the Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; and the Gregorio Marañón University General Hospital and Health Research Institute (IISGM), Madrid.
Patricia Fernández, Ph.D.
From the Centers for Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Madrid, Vitoria, Oviedo, and Valencia, Spain; the Bipolar Disorder Program, Clinical Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona; the August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona; the European Network of Bipolar Research Expert Centers (ENBREC), Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Autonomous University of Madrid, Research Institute of the Hospital de La Princesa, Madrid; FIDMAG Research Foundation, Barcelona; General Hospital of Granollers, Barcelona; Álava University Hospital, University of the Basque Country, Kronikgune, Vitoria, Spain; the Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona; the Department of Clinical Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, Barcelona University, Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Ramon y Cajal Institute of Health Research (IRYCIS), University of Alcala, Madrid; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Oviedo, Oviedo; the Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; and the Gregorio Marañón University General Hospital and Health Research Institute (IISGM), Madrid.
Ramon Landín-Romero, Ph.D.
From the Centers for Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Madrid, Vitoria, Oviedo, and Valencia, Spain; the Bipolar Disorder Program, Clinical Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona; the August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona; the European Network of Bipolar Research Expert Centers (ENBREC), Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Autonomous University of Madrid, Research Institute of the Hospital de La Princesa, Madrid; FIDMAG Research Foundation, Barcelona; General Hospital of Granollers, Barcelona; Álava University Hospital, University of the Basque Country, Kronikgune, Vitoria, Spain; the Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona; the Department of Clinical Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, Barcelona University, Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Ramon y Cajal Institute of Health Research (IRYCIS), University of Alcala, Madrid; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Oviedo, Oviedo; the Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; and the Gregorio Marañón University General Hospital and Health Research Institute (IISGM), Madrid.
Silvia Alonso-Lana, M.Sc.
From the Centers for Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Madrid, Vitoria, Oviedo, and Valencia, Spain; the Bipolar Disorder Program, Clinical Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona; the August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona; the European Network of Bipolar Research Expert Centers (ENBREC), Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Autonomous University of Madrid, Research Institute of the Hospital de La Princesa, Madrid; FIDMAG Research Foundation, Barcelona; General Hospital of Granollers, Barcelona; Álava University Hospital, University of the Basque Country, Kronikgune, Vitoria, Spain; the Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona; the Department of Clinical Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, Barcelona University, Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Ramon y Cajal Institute of Health Research (IRYCIS), University of Alcala, Madrid; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Oviedo, Oviedo; the Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; and the Gregorio Marañón University General Hospital and Health Research Institute (IISGM), Madrid.
Jordi Ortiz-Gil, Ph.D.
From the Centers for Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Madrid, Vitoria, Oviedo, and Valencia, Spain; the Bipolar Disorder Program, Clinical Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona; the August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona; the European Network of Bipolar Research Expert Centers (ENBREC), Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Autonomous University of Madrid, Research Institute of the Hospital de La Princesa, Madrid; FIDMAG Research Foundation, Barcelona; General Hospital of Granollers, Barcelona; Álava University Hospital, University of the Basque Country, Kronikgune, Vitoria, Spain; the Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona; the Department of Clinical Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, Barcelona University, Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Ramon y Cajal Institute of Health Research (IRYCIS), University of Alcala, Madrid; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Oviedo, Oviedo; the Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; and the Gregorio Marañón University General Hospital and Health Research Institute (IISGM), Madrid.
Bàrbara Segura, Ph.D.
From the Centers for Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Madrid, Vitoria, Oviedo, and Valencia, Spain; the Bipolar Disorder Program, Clinical Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona; the August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona; the European Network of Bipolar Research Expert Centers (ENBREC), Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Autonomous University of Madrid, Research Institute of the Hospital de La Princesa, Madrid; FIDMAG Research Foundation, Barcelona; General Hospital of Granollers, Barcelona; Álava University Hospital, University of the Basque Country, Kronikgune, Vitoria, Spain; the Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona; the Department of Clinical Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, Barcelona University, Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Ramon y Cajal Institute of Health Research (IRYCIS), University of Alcala, Madrid; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Oviedo, Oviedo; the Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; and the Gregorio Marañón University General Hospital and Health Research Institute (IISGM), Madrid.
Sara Barbeito, Ph.D.
From the Centers for Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Madrid, Vitoria, Oviedo, and Valencia, Spain; the Bipolar Disorder Program, Clinical Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona; the August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona; the European Network of Bipolar Research Expert Centers (ENBREC), Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Autonomous University of Madrid, Research Institute of the Hospital de La Princesa, Madrid; FIDMAG Research Foundation, Barcelona; General Hospital of Granollers, Barcelona; Álava University Hospital, University of the Basque Country, Kronikgune, Vitoria, Spain; the Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona; the Department of Clinical Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, Barcelona University, Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Ramon y Cajal Institute of Health Research (IRYCIS), University of Alcala, Madrid; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Oviedo, Oviedo; the Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; and the Gregorio Marañón University General Hospital and Health Research Institute (IISGM), Madrid.
Patricia Vega, Psy.D.
From the Centers for Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Madrid, Vitoria, Oviedo, and Valencia, Spain; the Bipolar Disorder Program, Clinical Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona; the August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona; the European Network of Bipolar Research Expert Centers (ENBREC), Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Autonomous University of Madrid, Research Institute of the Hospital de La Princesa, Madrid; FIDMAG Research Foundation, Barcelona; General Hospital of Granollers, Barcelona; Álava University Hospital, University of the Basque Country, Kronikgune, Vitoria, Spain; the Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona; the Department of Clinical Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, Barcelona University, Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Ramon y Cajal Institute of Health Research (IRYCIS), University of Alcala, Madrid; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Oviedo, Oviedo; the Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; and the Gregorio Marañón University General Hospital and Health Research Institute (IISGM), Madrid.
Miryam Fernández, Ph.D.
From the Centers for Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Madrid, Vitoria, Oviedo, and Valencia, Spain; the Bipolar Disorder Program, Clinical Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona; the August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona; the European Network of Bipolar Research Expert Centers (ENBREC), Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Autonomous University of Madrid, Research Institute of the Hospital de La Princesa, Madrid; FIDMAG Research Foundation, Barcelona; General Hospital of Granollers, Barcelona; Álava University Hospital, University of the Basque Country, Kronikgune, Vitoria, Spain; the Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona; the Department of Clinical Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, Barcelona University, Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Ramon y Cajal Institute of Health Research (IRYCIS), University of Alcala, Madrid; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Oviedo, Oviedo; the Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; and the Gregorio Marañón University General Hospital and Health Research Institute (IISGM), Madrid.
Amaia Ugarte, Ph.D.
From the Centers for Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Madrid, Vitoria, Oviedo, and Valencia, Spain; the Bipolar Disorder Program, Clinical Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona; the August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona; the European Network of Bipolar Research Expert Centers (ENBREC), Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Autonomous University of Madrid, Research Institute of the Hospital de La Princesa, Madrid; FIDMAG Research Foundation, Barcelona; General Hospital of Granollers, Barcelona; Álava University Hospital, University of the Basque Country, Kronikgune, Vitoria, Spain; the Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona; the Department of Clinical Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, Barcelona University, Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Ramon y Cajal Institute of Health Research (IRYCIS), University of Alcala, Madrid; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Oviedo, Oviedo; the Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; and the Gregorio Marañón University General Hospital and Health Research Institute (IISGM), Madrid.
Marta Subirà, M.B.B.S., M.D.
From the Centers for Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Madrid, Vitoria, Oviedo, and Valencia, Spain; the Bipolar Disorder Program, Clinical Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona; the August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona; the European Network of Bipolar Research Expert Centers (ENBREC), Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Autonomous University of Madrid, Research Institute of the Hospital de La Princesa, Madrid; FIDMAG Research Foundation, Barcelona; General Hospital of Granollers, Barcelona; Álava University Hospital, University of the Basque Country, Kronikgune, Vitoria, Spain; the Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona; the Department of Clinical Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, Barcelona University, Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Ramon y Cajal Institute of Health Research (IRYCIS), University of Alcala, Madrid; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Oviedo, Oviedo; the Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; and the Gregorio Marañón University General Hospital and Health Research Institute (IISGM), Madrid.
Ester Cerrillo, M.B.B.S., M.D.
From the Centers for Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Madrid, Vitoria, Oviedo, and Valencia, Spain; the Bipolar Disorder Program, Clinical Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona; the August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona; the European Network of Bipolar Research Expert Centers (ENBREC), Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Autonomous University of Madrid, Research Institute of the Hospital de La Princesa, Madrid; FIDMAG Research Foundation, Barcelona; General Hospital of Granollers, Barcelona; Álava University Hospital, University of the Basque Country, Kronikgune, Vitoria, Spain; the Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona; the Department of Clinical Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, Barcelona University, Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Ramon y Cajal Institute of Health Research (IRYCIS), University of Alcala, Madrid; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Oviedo, Oviedo; the Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; and the Gregorio Marañón University General Hospital and Health Research Institute (IISGM), Madrid.
Núria Custal, M.D., Ph.D.
From the Centers for Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Madrid, Vitoria, Oviedo, and Valencia, Spain; the Bipolar Disorder Program, Clinical Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona; the August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona; the European Network of Bipolar Research Expert Centers (ENBREC), Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Autonomous University of Madrid, Research Institute of the Hospital de La Princesa, Madrid; FIDMAG Research Foundation, Barcelona; General Hospital of Granollers, Barcelona; Álava University Hospital, University of the Basque Country, Kronikgune, Vitoria, Spain; the Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona; the Department of Clinical Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, Barcelona University, Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Ramon y Cajal Institute of Health Research (IRYCIS), University of Alcala, Madrid; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Oviedo, Oviedo; the Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; and the Gregorio Marañón University General Hospital and Health Research Institute (IISGM), Madrid.
José Manuel Menchón, M.D., Ph.D.
From the Centers for Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Madrid, Vitoria, Oviedo, and Valencia, Spain; the Bipolar Disorder Program, Clinical Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona; the August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona; the European Network of Bipolar Research Expert Centers (ENBREC), Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Autonomous University of Madrid, Research Institute of the Hospital de La Princesa, Madrid; FIDMAG Research Foundation, Barcelona; General Hospital of Granollers, Barcelona; Álava University Hospital, University of the Basque Country, Kronikgune, Vitoria, Spain; the Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona; the Department of Clinical Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, Barcelona University, Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Ramon y Cajal Institute of Health Research (IRYCIS), University of Alcala, Madrid; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Oviedo, Oviedo; the Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; and the Gregorio Marañón University General Hospital and Health Research Institute (IISGM), Madrid.
Jerónimo Saiz-Ruiz, M.D., Ph.D.
From the Centers for Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Madrid, Vitoria, Oviedo, and Valencia, Spain; the Bipolar Disorder Program, Clinical Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona; the August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona; the European Network of Bipolar Research Expert Centers (ENBREC), Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Autonomous University of Madrid, Research Institute of the Hospital de La Princesa, Madrid; FIDMAG Research Foundation, Barcelona; General Hospital of Granollers, Barcelona; Álava University Hospital, University of the Basque Country, Kronikgune, Vitoria, Spain; the Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona; the Department of Clinical Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, Barcelona University, Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Ramon y Cajal Institute of Health Research (IRYCIS), University of Alcala, Madrid; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Oviedo, Oviedo; the Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; and the Gregorio Marañón University General Hospital and Health Research Institute (IISGM), Madrid.
Jose Maria Rodao, Ph.D.
From the Centers for Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Madrid, Vitoria, Oviedo, and Valencia, Spain; the Bipolar Disorder Program, Clinical Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona; the August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona; the European Network of Bipolar Research Expert Centers (ENBREC), Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Autonomous University of Madrid, Research Institute of the Hospital de La Princesa, Madrid; FIDMAG Research Foundation, Barcelona; General Hospital of Granollers, Barcelona; Álava University Hospital, University of the Basque Country, Kronikgune, Vitoria, Spain; the Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona; the Department of Clinical Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, Barcelona University, Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Ramon y Cajal Institute of Health Research (IRYCIS), University of Alcala, Madrid; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Oviedo, Oviedo; the Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; and the Gregorio Marañón University General Hospital and Health Research Institute (IISGM), Madrid.
Sandra Isella, Ph.D.
From the Centers for Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Madrid, Vitoria, Oviedo, and Valencia, Spain; the Bipolar Disorder Program, Clinical Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona; the August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona; the European Network of Bipolar Research Expert Centers (ENBREC), Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Autonomous University of Madrid, Research Institute of the Hospital de La Princesa, Madrid; FIDMAG Research Foundation, Barcelona; General Hospital of Granollers, Barcelona; Álava University Hospital, University of the Basque Country, Kronikgune, Vitoria, Spain; the Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona; the Department of Clinical Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, Barcelona University, Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Ramon y Cajal Institute of Health Research (IRYCIS), University of Alcala, Madrid; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Oviedo, Oviedo; the Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; and the Gregorio Marañón University General Hospital and Health Research Institute (IISGM), Madrid.
Analucía Alegría, M.Sc.
From the Centers for Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Madrid, Vitoria, Oviedo, and Valencia, Spain; the Bipolar Disorder Program, Clinical Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona; the August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona; the European Network of Bipolar Research Expert Centers (ENBREC), Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Autonomous University of Madrid, Research Institute of the Hospital de La Princesa, Madrid; FIDMAG Research Foundation, Barcelona; General Hospital of Granollers, Barcelona; Álava University Hospital, University of the Basque Country, Kronikgune, Vitoria, Spain; the Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona; the Department of Clinical Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, Barcelona University, Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Ramon y Cajal Institute of Health Research (IRYCIS), University of Alcala, Madrid; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Oviedo, Oviedo; the Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; and the Gregorio Marañón University General Hospital and Health Research Institute (IISGM), Madrid.
Susana Al-Halabi, Ph.D.
From the Centers for Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Madrid, Vitoria, Oviedo, and Valencia, Spain; the Bipolar Disorder Program, Clinical Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona; the August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona; the European Network of Bipolar Research Expert Centers (ENBREC), Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Autonomous University of Madrid, Research Institute of the Hospital de La Princesa, Madrid; FIDMAG Research Foundation, Barcelona; General Hospital of Granollers, Barcelona; Álava University Hospital, University of the Basque Country, Kronikgune, Vitoria, Spain; the Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona; the Department of Clinical Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, Barcelona University, Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Ramon y Cajal Institute of Health Research (IRYCIS), University of Alcala, Madrid; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Oviedo, Oviedo; the Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; and the Gregorio Marañón University General Hospital and Health Research Institute (IISGM), Madrid.
Julio Bobes, M.D., Ph.D.
From the Centers for Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Madrid, Vitoria, Oviedo, and Valencia, Spain; the Bipolar Disorder Program, Clinical Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona; the August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona; the European Network of Bipolar Research Expert Centers (ENBREC), Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Autonomous University of Madrid, Research Institute of the Hospital de La Princesa, Madrid; FIDMAG Research Foundation, Barcelona; General Hospital of Granollers, Barcelona; Álava University Hospital, University of the Basque Country, Kronikgune, Vitoria, Spain; the Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona; the Department of Clinical Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, Barcelona University, Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Ramon y Cajal Institute of Health Research (IRYCIS), University of Alcala, Madrid; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Oviedo, Oviedo; the Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; and the Gregorio Marañón University General Hospital and Health Research Institute (IISGM), Madrid.
Gonzalo Galván, Ph.D.
From the Centers for Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Madrid, Vitoria, Oviedo, and Valencia, Spain; the Bipolar Disorder Program, Clinical Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona; the August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona; the European Network of Bipolar Research Expert Centers (ENBREC), Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Autonomous University of Madrid, Research Institute of the Hospital de La Princesa, Madrid; FIDMAG Research Foundation, Barcelona; General Hospital of Granollers, Barcelona; Álava University Hospital, University of the Basque Country, Kronikgune, Vitoria, Spain; the Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona; the Department of Clinical Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, Barcelona University, Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Ramon y Cajal Institute of Health Research (IRYCIS), University of Alcala, Madrid; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Oviedo, Oviedo; the Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; and the Gregorio Marañón University General Hospital and Health Research Institute (IISGM), Madrid.
Pilar A. Saiz, M.D., Ph.D.
From the Centers for Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Madrid, Vitoria, Oviedo, and Valencia, Spain; the Bipolar Disorder Program, Clinical Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona; the August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona; the European Network of Bipolar Research Expert Centers (ENBREC), Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Autonomous University of Madrid, Research Institute of the Hospital de La Princesa, Madrid; FIDMAG Research Foundation, Barcelona; General Hospital of Granollers, Barcelona; Álava University Hospital, University of the Basque Country, Kronikgune, Vitoria, Spain; the Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona; the Department of Clinical Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, Barcelona University, Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Ramon y Cajal Institute of Health Research (IRYCIS), University of Alcala, Madrid; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Oviedo, Oviedo; the Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; and the Gregorio Marañón University General Hospital and Health Research Institute (IISGM), Madrid.
Vicent Balanzá-Martínez, M.D., Ph.D.
From the Centers for Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Madrid, Vitoria, Oviedo, and Valencia, Spain; the Bipolar Disorder Program, Clinical Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona; the August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona; the European Network of Bipolar Research Expert Centers (ENBREC), Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Autonomous University of Madrid, Research Institute of the Hospital de La Princesa, Madrid; FIDMAG Research Foundation, Barcelona; General Hospital of Granollers, Barcelona; Álava University Hospital, University of the Basque Country, Kronikgune, Vitoria, Spain; the Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona; the Department of Clinical Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, Barcelona University, Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Ramon y Cajal Institute of Health Research (IRYCIS), University of Alcala, Madrid; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Oviedo, Oviedo; the Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; and the Gregorio Marañón University General Hospital and Health Research Institute (IISGM), Madrid.
Gabriel Selva, M.D., Ph.D.
From the Centers for Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Madrid, Vitoria, Oviedo, and Valencia, Spain; the Bipolar Disorder Program, Clinical Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona; the August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona; the European Network of Bipolar Research Expert Centers (ENBREC), Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Autonomous University of Madrid, Research Institute of the Hospital de La Princesa, Madrid; FIDMAG Research Foundation, Barcelona; General Hospital of Granollers, Barcelona; Álava University Hospital, University of the Basque Country, Kronikgune, Vitoria, Spain; the Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona; the Department of Clinical Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, Barcelona University, Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Ramon y Cajal Institute of Health Research (IRYCIS), University of Alcala, Madrid; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Oviedo, Oviedo; the Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; and the Gregorio Marañón University General Hospital and Health Research Institute (IISGM), Madrid.
Inmaculada Fuentes-Durá, Ph.D.
From the Centers for Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Madrid, Vitoria, Oviedo, and Valencia, Spain; the Bipolar Disorder Program, Clinical Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona; the August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona; the European Network of Bipolar Research Expert Centers (ENBREC), Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Autonomous University of Madrid, Research Institute of the Hospital de La Princesa, Madrid; FIDMAG Research Foundation, Barcelona; General Hospital of Granollers, Barcelona; Álava University Hospital, University of the Basque Country, Kronikgune, Vitoria, Spain; the Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona; the Department of Clinical Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, Barcelona University, Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Ramon y Cajal Institute of Health Research (IRYCIS), University of Alcala, Madrid; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Oviedo, Oviedo; the Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; and the Gregorio Marañón University General Hospital and Health Research Institute (IISGM), Madrid.
Patricia Correa, Psy.D.
From the Centers for Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Madrid, Vitoria, Oviedo, and Valencia, Spain; the Bipolar Disorder Program, Clinical Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona; the August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona; the European Network of Bipolar Research Expert Centers (ENBREC), Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Autonomous University of Madrid, Research Institute of the Hospital de La Princesa, Madrid; FIDMAG Research Foundation, Barcelona; General Hospital of Granollers, Barcelona; Álava University Hospital, University of the Basque Country, Kronikgune, Vitoria, Spain; the Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona; the Department of Clinical Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, Barcelona University, Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Ramon y Cajal Institute of Health Research (IRYCIS), University of Alcala, Madrid; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Oviedo, Oviedo; the Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; and the Gregorio Marañón University General Hospital and Health Research Institute (IISGM), Madrid.
María Mayoral, Ph.D.
From the Centers for Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Madrid, Vitoria, Oviedo, and Valencia, Spain; the Bipolar Disorder Program, Clinical Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona; the August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona; the European Network of Bipolar Research Expert Centers (ENBREC), Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Autonomous University of Madrid, Research Institute of the Hospital de La Princesa, Madrid; FIDMAG Research Foundation, Barcelona; General Hospital of Granollers, Barcelona; Álava University Hospital, University of the Basque Country, Kronikgune, Vitoria, Spain; the Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona; the Department of Clinical Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, Barcelona University, Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Ramon y Cajal Institute of Health Research (IRYCIS), University of Alcala, Madrid; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Oviedo, Oviedo; the Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; and the Gregorio Marañón University General Hospital and Health Research Institute (IISGM), Madrid.
Guadalupe Chiclana, Ph.D.
From the Centers for Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Madrid, Vitoria, Oviedo, and Valencia, Spain; the Bipolar Disorder Program, Clinical Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona; the August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona; the European Network of Bipolar Research Expert Centers (ENBREC), Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Autonomous University of Madrid, Research Institute of the Hospital de La Princesa, Madrid; FIDMAG Research Foundation, Barcelona; General Hospital of Granollers, Barcelona; Álava University Hospital, University of the Basque Country, Kronikgune, Vitoria, Spain; the Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona; the Department of Clinical Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, Barcelona University, Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Ramon y Cajal Institute of Health Research (IRYCIS), University of Alcala, Madrid; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Oviedo, Oviedo; the Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; and the Gregorio Marañón University General Hospital and Health Research Institute (IISGM), Madrid.
Jessica Merchan-Naranjo, M.Sc.
From the Centers for Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Madrid, Vitoria, Oviedo, and Valencia, Spain; the Bipolar Disorder Program, Clinical Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona; the August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona; the European Network of Bipolar Research Expert Centers (ENBREC), Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Autonomous University of Madrid, Research Institute of the Hospital de La Princesa, Madrid; FIDMAG Research Foundation, Barcelona; General Hospital of Granollers, Barcelona; Álava University Hospital, University of the Basque Country, Kronikgune, Vitoria, Spain; the Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona; the Department of Clinical Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, Barcelona University, Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Ramon y Cajal Institute of Health Research (IRYCIS), University of Alcala, Madrid; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Oviedo, Oviedo; the Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; and the Gregorio Marañón University General Hospital and Health Research Institute (IISGM), Madrid.
Marta Rapado-Castro, Ph.D.
From the Centers for Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Madrid, Vitoria, Oviedo, and Valencia, Spain; the Bipolar Disorder Program, Clinical Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona; the August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona; the European Network of Bipolar Research Expert Centers (ENBREC), Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Autonomous University of Madrid, Research Institute of the Hospital de La Princesa, Madrid; FIDMAG Research Foundation, Barcelona; General Hospital of Granollers, Barcelona; Álava University Hospital, University of the Basque Country, Kronikgune, Vitoria, Spain; the Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona; the Department of Clinical Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, Barcelona University, Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Ramon y Cajal Institute of Health Research (IRYCIS), University of Alcala, Madrid; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Oviedo, Oviedo; the Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; and the Gregorio Marañón University General Hospital and Health Research Institute (IISGM), Madrid.
Manel Salamero, M.D., Ph.D.
From the Centers for Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Madrid, Vitoria, Oviedo, and Valencia, Spain; the Bipolar Disorder Program, Clinical Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona; the August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona; the European Network of Bipolar Research Expert Centers (ENBREC), Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Autonomous University of Madrid, Research Institute of the Hospital de La Princesa, Madrid; FIDMAG Research Foundation, Barcelona; General Hospital of Granollers, Barcelona; Álava University Hospital, University of the Basque Country, Kronikgune, Vitoria, Spain; the Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona; the Department of Clinical Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, Barcelona University, Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Ramon y Cajal Institute of Health Research (IRYCIS), University of Alcala, Madrid; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Oviedo, Oviedo; the Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; and the Gregorio Marañón University General Hospital and Health Research Institute (IISGM), Madrid.
Eduard Vieta, M.D., Ph.D.
From the Centers for Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Madrid, Vitoria, Oviedo, and Valencia, Spain; the Bipolar Disorder Program, Clinical Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona; the August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona; the European Network of Bipolar Research Expert Centers (ENBREC), Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Autonomous University of Madrid, Research Institute of the Hospital de La Princesa, Madrid; FIDMAG Research Foundation, Barcelona; General Hospital of Granollers, Barcelona; Álava University Hospital, University of the Basque Country, Kronikgune, Vitoria, Spain; the Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona; the Department of Clinical Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, Barcelona University, Barcelona; the Department of Psychiatry, Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Ramon y Cajal Institute of Health Research (IRYCIS), University of Alcala, Madrid; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Oviedo, Oviedo; the Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; and the Gregorio Marañón University General Hospital and Health Research Institute (IISGM), Madrid.
Notes
Address correspondence to Dr. Vieta ([email protected]) and Dr. Martínez-Arán ([email protected]).
Funding Information
Dr. Amann has served as a speaker for Bristol-Myers Squibb. Dr. González-Pinto has received grants from or served as consultant, adviser, or CME speaker for Almirall, AstraZeneca, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Cephalon, Eli Lilly, GlaxoSmithKline, Janssen-Cilag, Lundbeck, Merck, Novartis, Otsuka, Pfizer, Sanofi-Aventis, Schering-Plough, and the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (CIBERSAM). Dr. Crespo has served as a consultant or speaker for AstraZeneca, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Janssen, Eli Lilly, GlaxoSmithKline, Lundbeck, Novartis, Otsuka, Pfizer, Sanofi-Sinthelabo, and Wyatt and has received grant support from FIS, Health Ministry, IDIBELL Foundation, and CIBERSAM. Dr. Arango has served as a consultant for or has received honoraria or grants from Abbott, AMGEN, AstraZeneca, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Caja Navarra, CIBERSAM, Alicia Koplowitz Foundation, Carlos III Health Institute, Janssen-Cilag, Lundbeck, Merck, Ministry of Science and Innovation, Ministry of Health, Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, Mutua Madrileña, Otsuka, Pfizer, Roche, Servier, Takeda, and Schering-Plough. Dr. Colom has served as a speaker for Adamed, AstraZeneca, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Eli Lilly, GlaxoSmithKline, Lundbeck, Otsuka, Pfizer, Sanofi-Aventis, and Tecnifar and as an adviser for MSD-Merck and Shire, and he has received copyright fees from Cambridge University Press, Solal Ed., Ars Médica, Giovani Fioriti Ed., Medipage, La Esfera de Los Libros, Morales i Torres Ed, Panamericana, Mayo Ed. & Columna. Dr. Ayuso-Mateos has provided expert testimony for Sanofi-Aventis. Dr. Menchon has received research grants from or served as a consultant or speaker for AGAUR, Almirall, AstraZeneca, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Eli Lilly, Janssen, Lundbeck, Medtronic, Novartis, Otsuka, Rovi, Servier, the Spanish Ministry of Health, the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, and Wyeth. Dr. Rapado has received a Sara Borrell Health Research Fellowship from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness and an Alicia Koplowitz Grant for Short-Term Placements from the Alicia Koplowitz Foundation. Dr. Vieta has received grants, CME-related honoraria, or consulting fees from Alexza, Almirall, AstraZeneca, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Cephalon, Eli Lilly, Ferrer, Forest Research Institute, Gedeon Richter, GlaxoSmithKline, Janssen, Janssen-Cilag, Jazz, Johnson & Johnson, Lundbeck, Merck, Novartis, Organon, Otsuka, Pfizer, Pierre-Fabre, Qualigen, Roche, Sanofi-Aventis, Schering-Plough, Servier, Shire, Solvay, Takeda, Teva, CIBERSAM, the Seventh European Framework Programme (ENBREC), the Stanley Medical Research Institute, United Biosource Corporation, and Wyeth. The other authors report no financial relationships with commercial interests.
Supplementary Material
Supported by an ETS grant from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (PI080180 and PI08/90825, PI08/90327, PI08/90675, PI08/90224, PI08/90654, PI08/90189, PI08/90916, PI08/90416, PI08/90094) PN 2008–2011, Carlos III Health Institute, General Subdepartment for Evaluation and Research Promotion; European Regional Fund, European Union, “Una manera de hacer Europa”; CIBERSAM; and the Commissioner for Universities and Research, Ministry of Innovation, Universities and Enterprise, Catalan Government (2009 SGR 1022 to the Bipolar Disorders Group).Metrics & Citations
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