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Published Online: 28 July 2017
Rare Genome-Wide Copy Number Variation and Expression of Schizophrenia in 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome
Anne S. Bassett, M.D. [email protected], Chelsea Lowther, B.Sc., Daniele Merico, Ph.D., Gregory Costain, M.D., Ph.D., Eva W. C. Chow, M.D., Therese van Amelsvoort, M.D., Ph.D., Donna McDonald-McGinn, M.Sc., … Show All … , Raquel E. Gur, M.D., Ph.D., Ann Swillen, Ph.D., Marianne Van den Bree, Ph.D., Kieran Murphy, M.D., Ph.D., Doron Gothelf, M.D., Carrie E. Bearden, Ph.D., Stephan Eliez, M.D., Wendy Kates, Ph.D., Nicole Philip, M.D., Vandana Sashi, M.D., Linda Campbell, Ph.D., Jacob Vorstman, M.D., Ph.D., Joseph Cubells, M.D., Ph.D., Gabriela M. Repetto, M.D., Tony Simon, Ph.D., Erik Boot, M.D., Ph.D., Tracy Heung, M.A., Rens Evers, M.D., Ph.D., Claudia Vingerhoets, M.Sc., Esther van Duin, M.Sc., Elaine Zackai, M.D., Elfi Vergaelen, M.Sc., Koen Devriendt, M.D., Joris R. Vermeesch, Ph.D., Michael Owen, M.D., Ph.D., Clodagh Murphy, Ph.D., Elena Michaelovosky, Ph.D., Leila Kushan, M.Sc., Maude Schneider, M.Sc., Wanda Fremont, M.D., Tiffany Busa, M.D., Stephen Hooper, Ph.D., Kathryn McCabe, Ph.D., Sasja Duijff, Ph.D., Karin Isaev, B.Sc., Giovanna Pellecchia, Ph.D., John Wei, Ph.D., Matthew J. Gazzellone, M.Sc., Stephen W. Scherer, Ph.D., Beverly S. Emanuel, Ph.D., Tingwei Guo, Ph.D., Bernice E. Morrow, Ph.D., and Christian R. Marshall, Ph.D. International 22q11.2DS Brain and Behavior Consortium Show FewerAuthors Info & Affiliations
Publication: American Journal of Psychiatry
Abstract
Objective:
Chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) is associated with a more than 20-fold increased risk for developing schizophrenia. The aim of this study was to identify additional genetic factors (i.e., “second hits”) that may contribute to schizophrenia expression.
Method:
Through an international consortium, the authors obtained DNA samples from 329 psychiatrically phenotyped subjects with 22q11.2DS. Using a high-resolution microarray platform and established methods to assess copy number variation (CNV), the authors compared the genome-wide burden of rare autosomal CNV, outside of the 22q11.2 deletion region, between two groups: a schizophrenia group and those with no psychotic disorder at age ≥25 years. The authors assessed whether genes overlapped by rare CNVs were overrepresented in functional pathways relevant to schizophrenia.
Results:
Rare CNVs overlapping one or more protein-coding genes revealed significant between-group differences. For rare exonic duplications, six of 19 gene sets tested were enriched in the schizophrenia group; genes associated with abnormal nervous system phenotypes remained significant in a stepwise logistic regression model and showed significant interactions with 22q11.2 deletion region genes in a connectivity analysis. For rare exonic deletions, the schizophrenia group had, on average, more genes overlapped. The additional rare CNVs implicated known (e.g., GRM7, 15q13.3, 16p12.2) and novel schizophrenia risk genes and loci.
Conclusions:
The results suggest that additional rare CNVs overlapping genes outside of the 22q11.2 deletion region contribute to schizophrenia risk in 22q11.2DS, supporting a multigenic hypothesis for schizophrenia. The findings have implications for understanding expression of psychotic illness and herald the importance of whole-genome sequencing to appreciate the overall genomic architecture of schizophrenia.
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History
Received: 20 December 2016
Revision received: 17 March 2017
Accepted: 20 April 2017
Published online: 28 July 2017
Published in print: November 01, 2017
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From the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, University Health Network, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto; the Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Centre for Applied Genomics and Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto; the Medical Genetics Residency Training Program, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; the Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia; the Departments of Pediatrics and of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; the Centre for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium; the Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales; the Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin; the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King’s College London; the Department of Psychiatry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; the Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles; Office Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Upstate Medical University, State University of New York, Syracuse; Département de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Marseille – Hôpital de la Timone, Marseilles, France; the Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, N.C.; the Department of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; the Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; the Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta; Centro de Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UC Davis, Sacramento, Calif.; Molecular Genetics and McLaughlin Centre, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, N.Y.; and Genome Diagnostics, Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto.
Chelsea Lowther, B.Sc.
From the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, University Health Network, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto; the Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Centre for Applied Genomics and Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto; the Medical Genetics Residency Training Program, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; the Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia; the Departments of Pediatrics and of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; the Centre for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium; the Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales; the Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin; the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King’s College London; the Department of Psychiatry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; the Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles; Office Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Upstate Medical University, State University of New York, Syracuse; Département de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Marseille – Hôpital de la Timone, Marseilles, France; the Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, N.C.; the Department of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; the Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; the Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta; Centro de Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UC Davis, Sacramento, Calif.; Molecular Genetics and McLaughlin Centre, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, N.Y.; and Genome Diagnostics, Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto.
Daniele Merico, Ph.D.
From the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, University Health Network, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto; the Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Centre for Applied Genomics and Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto; the Medical Genetics Residency Training Program, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; the Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia; the Departments of Pediatrics and of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; the Centre for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium; the Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales; the Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin; the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King’s College London; the Department of Psychiatry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; the Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles; Office Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Upstate Medical University, State University of New York, Syracuse; Département de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Marseille – Hôpital de la Timone, Marseilles, France; the Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, N.C.; the Department of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; the Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; the Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta; Centro de Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UC Davis, Sacramento, Calif.; Molecular Genetics and McLaughlin Centre, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, N.Y.; and Genome Diagnostics, Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto.
Gregory Costain, M.D., Ph.D.
From the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, University Health Network, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto; the Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Centre for Applied Genomics and Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto; the Medical Genetics Residency Training Program, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; the Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia; the Departments of Pediatrics and of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; the Centre for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium; the Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales; the Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin; the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King’s College London; the Department of Psychiatry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; the Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles; Office Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Upstate Medical University, State University of New York, Syracuse; Département de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Marseille – Hôpital de la Timone, Marseilles, France; the Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, N.C.; the Department of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; the Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; the Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta; Centro de Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UC Davis, Sacramento, Calif.; Molecular Genetics and McLaughlin Centre, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, N.Y.; and Genome Diagnostics, Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto.
Eva W. C. Chow, M.D.
From the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, University Health Network, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto; the Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Centre for Applied Genomics and Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto; the Medical Genetics Residency Training Program, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; the Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia; the Departments of Pediatrics and of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; the Centre for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium; the Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales; the Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin; the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King’s College London; the Department of Psychiatry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; the Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles; Office Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Upstate Medical University, State University of New York, Syracuse; Département de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Marseille – Hôpital de la Timone, Marseilles, France; the Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, N.C.; the Department of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; the Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; the Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta; Centro de Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UC Davis, Sacramento, Calif.; Molecular Genetics and McLaughlin Centre, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, N.Y.; and Genome Diagnostics, Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto.
Therese van Amelsvoort, M.D., Ph.D.
From the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, University Health Network, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto; the Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Centre for Applied Genomics and Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto; the Medical Genetics Residency Training Program, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; the Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia; the Departments of Pediatrics and of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; the Centre for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium; the Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales; the Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin; the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King’s College London; the Department of Psychiatry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; the Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles; Office Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Upstate Medical University, State University of New York, Syracuse; Département de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Marseille – Hôpital de la Timone, Marseilles, France; the Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, N.C.; the Department of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; the Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; the Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta; Centro de Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UC Davis, Sacramento, Calif.; Molecular Genetics and McLaughlin Centre, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, N.Y.; and Genome Diagnostics, Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto.
Donna McDonald-McGinn, M.Sc.
From the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, University Health Network, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto; the Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Centre for Applied Genomics and Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto; the Medical Genetics Residency Training Program, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; the Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia; the Departments of Pediatrics and of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; the Centre for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium; the Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales; the Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin; the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King’s College London; the Department of Psychiatry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; the Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles; Office Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Upstate Medical University, State University of New York, Syracuse; Département de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Marseille – Hôpital de la Timone, Marseilles, France; the Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, N.C.; the Department of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; the Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; the Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta; Centro de Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UC Davis, Sacramento, Calif.; Molecular Genetics and McLaughlin Centre, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, N.Y.; and Genome Diagnostics, Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto.
Raquel E. Gur, M.D., Ph.D.
From the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, University Health Network, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto; the Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Centre for Applied Genomics and Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto; the Medical Genetics Residency Training Program, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; the Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia; the Departments of Pediatrics and of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; the Centre for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium; the Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales; the Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin; the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King’s College London; the Department of Psychiatry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; the Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles; Office Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Upstate Medical University, State University of New York, Syracuse; Département de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Marseille – Hôpital de la Timone, Marseilles, France; the Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, N.C.; the Department of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; the Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; the Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta; Centro de Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UC Davis, Sacramento, Calif.; Molecular Genetics and McLaughlin Centre, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, N.Y.; and Genome Diagnostics, Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto.
Ann Swillen, Ph.D.
From the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, University Health Network, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto; the Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Centre for Applied Genomics and Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto; the Medical Genetics Residency Training Program, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; the Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia; the Departments of Pediatrics and of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; the Centre for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium; the Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales; the Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin; the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King’s College London; the Department of Psychiatry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; the Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles; Office Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Upstate Medical University, State University of New York, Syracuse; Département de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Marseille – Hôpital de la Timone, Marseilles, France; the Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, N.C.; the Department of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; the Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; the Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta; Centro de Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UC Davis, Sacramento, Calif.; Molecular Genetics and McLaughlin Centre, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, N.Y.; and Genome Diagnostics, Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto.
Marianne Van den Bree, Ph.D.
From the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, University Health Network, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto; the Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Centre for Applied Genomics and Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto; the Medical Genetics Residency Training Program, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; the Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia; the Departments of Pediatrics and of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; the Centre for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium; the Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales; the Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin; the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King’s College London; the Department of Psychiatry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; the Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles; Office Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Upstate Medical University, State University of New York, Syracuse; Département de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Marseille – Hôpital de la Timone, Marseilles, France; the Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, N.C.; the Department of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; the Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; the Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta; Centro de Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UC Davis, Sacramento, Calif.; Molecular Genetics and McLaughlin Centre, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, N.Y.; and Genome Diagnostics, Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto.
Kieran Murphy, M.D., Ph.D.
From the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, University Health Network, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto; the Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Centre for Applied Genomics and Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto; the Medical Genetics Residency Training Program, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; the Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia; the Departments of Pediatrics and of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; the Centre for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium; the Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales; the Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin; the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King’s College London; the Department of Psychiatry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; the Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles; Office Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Upstate Medical University, State University of New York, Syracuse; Département de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Marseille – Hôpital de la Timone, Marseilles, France; the Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, N.C.; the Department of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; the Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; the Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta; Centro de Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UC Davis, Sacramento, Calif.; Molecular Genetics and McLaughlin Centre, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, N.Y.; and Genome Diagnostics, Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto.
Doron Gothelf, M.D.
From the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, University Health Network, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto; the Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Centre for Applied Genomics and Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto; the Medical Genetics Residency Training Program, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; the Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia; the Departments of Pediatrics and of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; the Centre for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium; the Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales; the Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin; the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King’s College London; the Department of Psychiatry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; the Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles; Office Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Upstate Medical University, State University of New York, Syracuse; Département de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Marseille – Hôpital de la Timone, Marseilles, France; the Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, N.C.; the Department of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; the Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; the Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta; Centro de Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UC Davis, Sacramento, Calif.; Molecular Genetics and McLaughlin Centre, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, N.Y.; and Genome Diagnostics, Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto.
Carrie E. Bearden, Ph.D.
From the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, University Health Network, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto; the Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Centre for Applied Genomics and Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto; the Medical Genetics Residency Training Program, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; the Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia; the Departments of Pediatrics and of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; the Centre for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium; the Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales; the Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin; the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King’s College London; the Department of Psychiatry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; the Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles; Office Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Upstate Medical University, State University of New York, Syracuse; Département de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Marseille – Hôpital de la Timone, Marseilles, France; the Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, N.C.; the Department of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; the Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; the Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta; Centro de Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UC Davis, Sacramento, Calif.; Molecular Genetics and McLaughlin Centre, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, N.Y.; and Genome Diagnostics, Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto.
Stephan Eliez, M.D.
From the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, University Health Network, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto; the Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Centre for Applied Genomics and Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto; the Medical Genetics Residency Training Program, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; the Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia; the Departments of Pediatrics and of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; the Centre for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium; the Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales; the Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin; the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King’s College London; the Department of Psychiatry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; the Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles; Office Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Upstate Medical University, State University of New York, Syracuse; Département de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Marseille – Hôpital de la Timone, Marseilles, France; the Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, N.C.; the Department of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; the Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; the Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta; Centro de Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UC Davis, Sacramento, Calif.; Molecular Genetics and McLaughlin Centre, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, N.Y.; and Genome Diagnostics, Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto.
Wendy Kates, Ph.D.
From the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, University Health Network, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto; the Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Centre for Applied Genomics and Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto; the Medical Genetics Residency Training Program, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; the Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia; the Departments of Pediatrics and of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; the Centre for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium; the Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales; the Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin; the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King’s College London; the Department of Psychiatry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; the Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles; Office Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Upstate Medical University, State University of New York, Syracuse; Département de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Marseille – Hôpital de la Timone, Marseilles, France; the Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, N.C.; the Department of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; the Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; the Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta; Centro de Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UC Davis, Sacramento, Calif.; Molecular Genetics and McLaughlin Centre, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, N.Y.; and Genome Diagnostics, Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto.
Nicole Philip, M.D.
From the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, University Health Network, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto; the Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Centre for Applied Genomics and Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto; the Medical Genetics Residency Training Program, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; the Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia; the Departments of Pediatrics and of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; the Centre for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium; the Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales; the Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin; the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King’s College London; the Department of Psychiatry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; the Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles; Office Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Upstate Medical University, State University of New York, Syracuse; Département de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Marseille – Hôpital de la Timone, Marseilles, France; the Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, N.C.; the Department of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; the Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; the Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta; Centro de Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UC Davis, Sacramento, Calif.; Molecular Genetics and McLaughlin Centre, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, N.Y.; and Genome Diagnostics, Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto.
Vandana Sashi, M.D.
From the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, University Health Network, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto; the Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Centre for Applied Genomics and Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto; the Medical Genetics Residency Training Program, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; the Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia; the Departments of Pediatrics and of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; the Centre for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium; the Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales; the Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin; the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King’s College London; the Department of Psychiatry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; the Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles; Office Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Upstate Medical University, State University of New York, Syracuse; Département de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Marseille – Hôpital de la Timone, Marseilles, France; the Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, N.C.; the Department of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; the Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; the Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta; Centro de Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UC Davis, Sacramento, Calif.; Molecular Genetics and McLaughlin Centre, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, N.Y.; and Genome Diagnostics, Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto.
Linda Campbell, Ph.D.
From the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, University Health Network, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto; the Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Centre for Applied Genomics and Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto; the Medical Genetics Residency Training Program, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; the Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia; the Departments of Pediatrics and of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; the Centre for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium; the Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales; the Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin; the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King’s College London; the Department of Psychiatry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; the Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles; Office Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Upstate Medical University, State University of New York, Syracuse; Département de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Marseille – Hôpital de la Timone, Marseilles, France; the Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, N.C.; the Department of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; the Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; the Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta; Centro de Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UC Davis, Sacramento, Calif.; Molecular Genetics and McLaughlin Centre, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, N.Y.; and Genome Diagnostics, Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto.
Jacob Vorstman, M.D., Ph.D.
From the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, University Health Network, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto; the Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Centre for Applied Genomics and Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto; the Medical Genetics Residency Training Program, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; the Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia; the Departments of Pediatrics and of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; the Centre for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium; the Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales; the Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin; the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King’s College London; the Department of Psychiatry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; the Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles; Office Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Upstate Medical University, State University of New York, Syracuse; Département de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Marseille – Hôpital de la Timone, Marseilles, France; the Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, N.C.; the Department of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; the Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; the Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta; Centro de Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UC Davis, Sacramento, Calif.; Molecular Genetics and McLaughlin Centre, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, N.Y.; and Genome Diagnostics, Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto.
Joseph Cubells, M.D., Ph.D.
From the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, University Health Network, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto; the Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Centre for Applied Genomics and Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto; the Medical Genetics Residency Training Program, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; the Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia; the Departments of Pediatrics and of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; the Centre for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium; the Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales; the Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin; the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King’s College London; the Department of Psychiatry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; the Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles; Office Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Upstate Medical University, State University of New York, Syracuse; Département de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Marseille – Hôpital de la Timone, Marseilles, France; the Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, N.C.; the Department of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; the Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; the Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta; Centro de Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UC Davis, Sacramento, Calif.; Molecular Genetics and McLaughlin Centre, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, N.Y.; and Genome Diagnostics, Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto.
Gabriela M. Repetto, M.D.
From the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, University Health Network, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto; the Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Centre for Applied Genomics and Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto; the Medical Genetics Residency Training Program, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; the Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia; the Departments of Pediatrics and of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; the Centre for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium; the Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales; the Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin; the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King’s College London; the Department of Psychiatry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; the Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles; Office Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Upstate Medical University, State University of New York, Syracuse; Département de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Marseille – Hôpital de la Timone, Marseilles, France; the Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, N.C.; the Department of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; the Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; the Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta; Centro de Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UC Davis, Sacramento, Calif.; Molecular Genetics and McLaughlin Centre, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, N.Y.; and Genome Diagnostics, Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto.
Tony Simon, Ph.D.
From the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, University Health Network, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto; the Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Centre for Applied Genomics and Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto; the Medical Genetics Residency Training Program, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; the Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia; the Departments of Pediatrics and of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; the Centre for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium; the Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales; the Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin; the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King’s College London; the Department of Psychiatry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; the Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles; Office Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Upstate Medical University, State University of New York, Syracuse; Département de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Marseille – Hôpital de la Timone, Marseilles, France; the Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, N.C.; the Department of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; the Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; the Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta; Centro de Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UC Davis, Sacramento, Calif.; Molecular Genetics and McLaughlin Centre, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, N.Y.; and Genome Diagnostics, Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto.
Erik Boot, M.D., Ph.D.
From the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, University Health Network, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto; the Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Centre for Applied Genomics and Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto; the Medical Genetics Residency Training Program, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; the Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia; the Departments of Pediatrics and of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; the Centre for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium; the Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales; the Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin; the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King’s College London; the Department of Psychiatry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; the Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles; Office Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Upstate Medical University, State University of New York, Syracuse; Département de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Marseille – Hôpital de la Timone, Marseilles, France; the Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, N.C.; the Department of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; the Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; the Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta; Centro de Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UC Davis, Sacramento, Calif.; Molecular Genetics and McLaughlin Centre, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, N.Y.; and Genome Diagnostics, Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto.
Tracy Heung, M.A.
From the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, University Health Network, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto; the Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Centre for Applied Genomics and Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto; the Medical Genetics Residency Training Program, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; the Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia; the Departments of Pediatrics and of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; the Centre for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium; the Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales; the Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin; the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King’s College London; the Department of Psychiatry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; the Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles; Office Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Upstate Medical University, State University of New York, Syracuse; Département de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Marseille – Hôpital de la Timone, Marseilles, France; the Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, N.C.; the Department of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; the Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; the Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta; Centro de Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UC Davis, Sacramento, Calif.; Molecular Genetics and McLaughlin Centre, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, N.Y.; and Genome Diagnostics, Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto.
Rens Evers, M.D., Ph.D.
From the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, University Health Network, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto; the Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Centre for Applied Genomics and Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto; the Medical Genetics Residency Training Program, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; the Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia; the Departments of Pediatrics and of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; the Centre for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium; the Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales; the Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin; the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King’s College London; the Department of Psychiatry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; the Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles; Office Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Upstate Medical University, State University of New York, Syracuse; Département de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Marseille – Hôpital de la Timone, Marseilles, France; the Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, N.C.; the Department of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; the Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; the Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta; Centro de Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UC Davis, Sacramento, Calif.; Molecular Genetics and McLaughlin Centre, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, N.Y.; and Genome Diagnostics, Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto.
Claudia Vingerhoets, M.Sc.
From the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, University Health Network, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto; the Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Centre for Applied Genomics and Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto; the Medical Genetics Residency Training Program, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; the Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia; the Departments of Pediatrics and of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; the Centre for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium; the Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales; the Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin; the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King’s College London; the Department of Psychiatry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; the Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles; Office Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Upstate Medical University, State University of New York, Syracuse; Département de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Marseille – Hôpital de la Timone, Marseilles, France; the Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, N.C.; the Department of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; the Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; the Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta; Centro de Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UC Davis, Sacramento, Calif.; Molecular Genetics and McLaughlin Centre, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, N.Y.; and Genome Diagnostics, Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto.
Esther van Duin, M.Sc.
From the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, University Health Network, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto; the Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Centre for Applied Genomics and Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto; the Medical Genetics Residency Training Program, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; the Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia; the Departments of Pediatrics and of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; the Centre for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium; the Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales; the Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin; the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King’s College London; the Department of Psychiatry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; the Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles; Office Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Upstate Medical University, State University of New York, Syracuse; Département de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Marseille – Hôpital de la Timone, Marseilles, France; the Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, N.C.; the Department of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; the Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; the Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta; Centro de Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UC Davis, Sacramento, Calif.; Molecular Genetics and McLaughlin Centre, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, N.Y.; and Genome Diagnostics, Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto.
Elaine Zackai, M.D.
From the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, University Health Network, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto; the Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Centre for Applied Genomics and Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto; the Medical Genetics Residency Training Program, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; the Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia; the Departments of Pediatrics and of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; the Centre for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium; the Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales; the Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin; the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King’s College London; the Department of Psychiatry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; the Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles; Office Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Upstate Medical University, State University of New York, Syracuse; Département de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Marseille – Hôpital de la Timone, Marseilles, France; the Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, N.C.; the Department of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; the Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; the Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta; Centro de Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UC Davis, Sacramento, Calif.; Molecular Genetics and McLaughlin Centre, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, N.Y.; and Genome Diagnostics, Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto.
Elfi Vergaelen, M.Sc.
From the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, University Health Network, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto; the Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Centre for Applied Genomics and Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto; the Medical Genetics Residency Training Program, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; the Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia; the Departments of Pediatrics and of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; the Centre for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium; the Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales; the Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin; the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King’s College London; the Department of Psychiatry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; the Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles; Office Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Upstate Medical University, State University of New York, Syracuse; Département de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Marseille – Hôpital de la Timone, Marseilles, France; the Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, N.C.; the Department of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; the Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; the Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta; Centro de Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UC Davis, Sacramento, Calif.; Molecular Genetics and McLaughlin Centre, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, N.Y.; and Genome Diagnostics, Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto.
Koen Devriendt, M.D.
From the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, University Health Network, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto; the Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Centre for Applied Genomics and Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto; the Medical Genetics Residency Training Program, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; the Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia; the Departments of Pediatrics and of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; the Centre for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium; the Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales; the Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin; the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King’s College London; the Department of Psychiatry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; the Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles; Office Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Upstate Medical University, State University of New York, Syracuse; Département de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Marseille – Hôpital de la Timone, Marseilles, France; the Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, N.C.; the Department of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; the Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; the Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta; Centro de Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UC Davis, Sacramento, Calif.; Molecular Genetics and McLaughlin Centre, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, N.Y.; and Genome Diagnostics, Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto.
Joris R. Vermeesch, Ph.D.
From the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, University Health Network, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto; the Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Centre for Applied Genomics and Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto; the Medical Genetics Residency Training Program, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; the Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia; the Departments of Pediatrics and of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; the Centre for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium; the Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales; the Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin; the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King’s College London; the Department of Psychiatry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; the Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles; Office Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Upstate Medical University, State University of New York, Syracuse; Département de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Marseille – Hôpital de la Timone, Marseilles, France; the Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, N.C.; the Department of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; the Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; the Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta; Centro de Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UC Davis, Sacramento, Calif.; Molecular Genetics and McLaughlin Centre, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, N.Y.; and Genome Diagnostics, Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto.
Michael Owen, M.D., Ph.D.
From the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, University Health Network, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto; the Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Centre for Applied Genomics and Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto; the Medical Genetics Residency Training Program, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; the Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia; the Departments of Pediatrics and of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; the Centre for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium; the Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales; the Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin; the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King’s College London; the Department of Psychiatry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; the Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles; Office Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Upstate Medical University, State University of New York, Syracuse; Département de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Marseille – Hôpital de la Timone, Marseilles, France; the Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, N.C.; the Department of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; the Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; the Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta; Centro de Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UC Davis, Sacramento, Calif.; Molecular Genetics and McLaughlin Centre, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, N.Y.; and Genome Diagnostics, Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto.
Clodagh Murphy, Ph.D.
From the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, University Health Network, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto; the Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Centre for Applied Genomics and Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto; the Medical Genetics Residency Training Program, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; the Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia; the Departments of Pediatrics and of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; the Centre for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium; the Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales; the Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin; the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King’s College London; the Department of Psychiatry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; the Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles; Office Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Upstate Medical University, State University of New York, Syracuse; Département de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Marseille – Hôpital de la Timone, Marseilles, France; the Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, N.C.; the Department of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; the Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; the Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta; Centro de Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UC Davis, Sacramento, Calif.; Molecular Genetics and McLaughlin Centre, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, N.Y.; and Genome Diagnostics, Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto.
Elena Michaelovosky, Ph.D.
From the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, University Health Network, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto; the Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Centre for Applied Genomics and Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto; the Medical Genetics Residency Training Program, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; the Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia; the Departments of Pediatrics and of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; the Centre for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium; the Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales; the Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin; the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King’s College London; the Department of Psychiatry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; the Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles; Office Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Upstate Medical University, State University of New York, Syracuse; Département de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Marseille – Hôpital de la Timone, Marseilles, France; the Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, N.C.; the Department of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; the Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; the Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta; Centro de Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UC Davis, Sacramento, Calif.; Molecular Genetics and McLaughlin Centre, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, N.Y.; and Genome Diagnostics, Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto.
Leila Kushan, M.Sc.
From the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, University Health Network, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto; the Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Centre for Applied Genomics and Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto; the Medical Genetics Residency Training Program, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; the Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia; the Departments of Pediatrics and of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; the Centre for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium; the Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales; the Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin; the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King’s College London; the Department of Psychiatry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; the Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles; Office Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Upstate Medical University, State University of New York, Syracuse; Département de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Marseille – Hôpital de la Timone, Marseilles, France; the Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, N.C.; the Department of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; the Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; the Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta; Centro de Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UC Davis, Sacramento, Calif.; Molecular Genetics and McLaughlin Centre, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, N.Y.; and Genome Diagnostics, Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto.
Maude Schneider, M.Sc.
From the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, University Health Network, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto; the Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Centre for Applied Genomics and Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto; the Medical Genetics Residency Training Program, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; the Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia; the Departments of Pediatrics and of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; the Centre for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium; the Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales; the Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin; the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King’s College London; the Department of Psychiatry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; the Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles; Office Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Upstate Medical University, State University of New York, Syracuse; Département de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Marseille – Hôpital de la Timone, Marseilles, France; the Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, N.C.; the Department of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; the Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; the Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta; Centro de Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UC Davis, Sacramento, Calif.; Molecular Genetics and McLaughlin Centre, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, N.Y.; and Genome Diagnostics, Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto.
Wanda Fremont, M.D.
From the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, University Health Network, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto; the Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Centre for Applied Genomics and Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto; the Medical Genetics Residency Training Program, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; the Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia; the Departments of Pediatrics and of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; the Centre for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium; the Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales; the Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin; the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King’s College London; the Department of Psychiatry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; the Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles; Office Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Upstate Medical University, State University of New York, Syracuse; Département de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Marseille – Hôpital de la Timone, Marseilles, France; the Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, N.C.; the Department of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; the Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; the Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta; Centro de Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UC Davis, Sacramento, Calif.; Molecular Genetics and McLaughlin Centre, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, N.Y.; and Genome Diagnostics, Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto.
Tiffany Busa, M.D.
From the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, University Health Network, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto; the Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Centre for Applied Genomics and Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto; the Medical Genetics Residency Training Program, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; the Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia; the Departments of Pediatrics and of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; the Centre for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium; the Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales; the Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin; the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King’s College London; the Department of Psychiatry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; the Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles; Office Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Upstate Medical University, State University of New York, Syracuse; Département de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Marseille – Hôpital de la Timone, Marseilles, France; the Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, N.C.; the Department of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; the Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; the Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta; Centro de Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UC Davis, Sacramento, Calif.; Molecular Genetics and McLaughlin Centre, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, N.Y.; and Genome Diagnostics, Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto.
Stephen Hooper, Ph.D.
From the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, University Health Network, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto; the Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Centre for Applied Genomics and Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto; the Medical Genetics Residency Training Program, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; the Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia; the Departments of Pediatrics and of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; the Centre for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium; the Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales; the Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin; the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King’s College London; the Department of Psychiatry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; the Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles; Office Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Upstate Medical University, State University of New York, Syracuse; Département de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Marseille – Hôpital de la Timone, Marseilles, France; the Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, N.C.; the Department of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; the Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; the Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta; Centro de Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UC Davis, Sacramento, Calif.; Molecular Genetics and McLaughlin Centre, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, N.Y.; and Genome Diagnostics, Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto.
Kathryn McCabe, Ph.D.
From the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, University Health Network, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto; the Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Centre for Applied Genomics and Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto; the Medical Genetics Residency Training Program, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; the Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia; the Departments of Pediatrics and of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; the Centre for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium; the Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales; the Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin; the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King’s College London; the Department of Psychiatry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; the Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles; Office Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Upstate Medical University, State University of New York, Syracuse; Département de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Marseille – Hôpital de la Timone, Marseilles, France; the Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, N.C.; the Department of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; the Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; the Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta; Centro de Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UC Davis, Sacramento, Calif.; Molecular Genetics and McLaughlin Centre, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, N.Y.; and Genome Diagnostics, Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto.
Sasja Duijff, Ph.D.
From the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, University Health Network, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto; the Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Centre for Applied Genomics and Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto; the Medical Genetics Residency Training Program, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; the Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia; the Departments of Pediatrics and of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; the Centre for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium; the Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales; the Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin; the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King’s College London; the Department of Psychiatry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; the Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles; Office Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Upstate Medical University, State University of New York, Syracuse; Département de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Marseille – Hôpital de la Timone, Marseilles, France; the Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, N.C.; the Department of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; the Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; the Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta; Centro de Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UC Davis, Sacramento, Calif.; Molecular Genetics and McLaughlin Centre, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, N.Y.; and Genome Diagnostics, Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto.
Karin Isaev, B.Sc.
From the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, University Health Network, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto; the Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Centre for Applied Genomics and Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto; the Medical Genetics Residency Training Program, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; the Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia; the Departments of Pediatrics and of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; the Centre for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium; the Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales; the Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin; the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King’s College London; the Department of Psychiatry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; the Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles; Office Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Upstate Medical University, State University of New York, Syracuse; Département de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Marseille – Hôpital de la Timone, Marseilles, France; the Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, N.C.; the Department of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; the Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; the Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta; Centro de Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UC Davis, Sacramento, Calif.; Molecular Genetics and McLaughlin Centre, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, N.Y.; and Genome Diagnostics, Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto.
Giovanna Pellecchia, Ph.D.
From the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, University Health Network, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto; the Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Centre for Applied Genomics and Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto; the Medical Genetics Residency Training Program, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; the Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia; the Departments of Pediatrics and of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; the Centre for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium; the Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales; the Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin; the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King’s College London; the Department of Psychiatry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; the Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles; Office Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Upstate Medical University, State University of New York, Syracuse; Département de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Marseille – Hôpital de la Timone, Marseilles, France; the Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, N.C.; the Department of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; the Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; the Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta; Centro de Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UC Davis, Sacramento, Calif.; Molecular Genetics and McLaughlin Centre, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, N.Y.; and Genome Diagnostics, Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto.
John Wei, Ph.D.
From the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, University Health Network, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto; the Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Centre for Applied Genomics and Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto; the Medical Genetics Residency Training Program, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; the Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia; the Departments of Pediatrics and of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; the Centre for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium; the Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales; the Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin; the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King’s College London; the Department of Psychiatry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; the Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles; Office Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Upstate Medical University, State University of New York, Syracuse; Département de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Marseille – Hôpital de la Timone, Marseilles, France; the Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, N.C.; the Department of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; the Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; the Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta; Centro de Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UC Davis, Sacramento, Calif.; Molecular Genetics and McLaughlin Centre, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, N.Y.; and Genome Diagnostics, Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto.
Matthew J. Gazzellone, M.Sc.
From the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, University Health Network, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto; the Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Centre for Applied Genomics and Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto; the Medical Genetics Residency Training Program, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; the Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia; the Departments of Pediatrics and of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; the Centre for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium; the Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales; the Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin; the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King’s College London; the Department of Psychiatry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; the Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles; Office Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Upstate Medical University, State University of New York, Syracuse; Département de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Marseille – Hôpital de la Timone, Marseilles, France; the Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, N.C.; the Department of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; the Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; the Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta; Centro de Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UC Davis, Sacramento, Calif.; Molecular Genetics and McLaughlin Centre, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, N.Y.; and Genome Diagnostics, Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto.
Stephen W. Scherer, Ph.D.
From the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, University Health Network, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto; the Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Centre for Applied Genomics and Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto; the Medical Genetics Residency Training Program, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; the Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia; the Departments of Pediatrics and of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; the Centre for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium; the Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales; the Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin; the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King’s College London; the Department of Psychiatry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; the Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles; Office Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Upstate Medical University, State University of New York, Syracuse; Département de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Marseille – Hôpital de la Timone, Marseilles, France; the Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, N.C.; the Department of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; the Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; the Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta; Centro de Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UC Davis, Sacramento, Calif.; Molecular Genetics and McLaughlin Centre, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, N.Y.; and Genome Diagnostics, Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto.
Beverly S. Emanuel, Ph.D.
From the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, University Health Network, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto; the Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Centre for Applied Genomics and Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto; the Medical Genetics Residency Training Program, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; the Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia; the Departments of Pediatrics and of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; the Centre for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium; the Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales; the Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin; the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King’s College London; the Department of Psychiatry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; the Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles; Office Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Upstate Medical University, State University of New York, Syracuse; Département de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Marseille – Hôpital de la Timone, Marseilles, France; the Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, N.C.; the Department of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; the Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; the Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta; Centro de Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UC Davis, Sacramento, Calif.; Molecular Genetics and McLaughlin Centre, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, N.Y.; and Genome Diagnostics, Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto.
Tingwei Guo, Ph.D.
From the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, University Health Network, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto; the Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Centre for Applied Genomics and Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto; the Medical Genetics Residency Training Program, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; the Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia; the Departments of Pediatrics and of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; the Centre for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium; the Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales; the Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin; the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King’s College London; the Department of Psychiatry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; the Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles; Office Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Upstate Medical University, State University of New York, Syracuse; Département de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Marseille – Hôpital de la Timone, Marseilles, France; the Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, N.C.; the Department of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; the Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; the Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta; Centro de Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UC Davis, Sacramento, Calif.; Molecular Genetics and McLaughlin Centre, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, N.Y.; and Genome Diagnostics, Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto.
Bernice E. Morrow, Ph.D.
From the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, University Health Network, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto; the Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Centre for Applied Genomics and Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto; the Medical Genetics Residency Training Program, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; the Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia; the Departments of Pediatrics and of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; the Centre for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium; the Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales; the Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin; the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King’s College London; the Department of Psychiatry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; the Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles; Office Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Upstate Medical University, State University of New York, Syracuse; Département de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Marseille – Hôpital de la Timone, Marseilles, France; the Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, N.C.; the Department of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; the Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; the Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta; Centro de Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UC Davis, Sacramento, Calif.; Molecular Genetics and McLaughlin Centre, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, N.Y.; and Genome Diagnostics, Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto.
Christian R. Marshall, Ph.D.
From the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, University Health Network, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto; the Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Centre for Applied Genomics and Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto; the Medical Genetics Residency Training Program, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; the Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia; the Departments of Pediatrics and of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; the Centre for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium; the Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales; the Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin; the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King’s College London; the Department of Psychiatry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; the Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles; Office Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Upstate Medical University, State University of New York, Syracuse; Département de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Marseille – Hôpital de la Timone, Marseilles, France; the Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, N.C.; the Department of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; the Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; the Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta; Centro de Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UC Davis, Sacramento, Calif.; Molecular Genetics and McLaughlin Centre, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, N.Y.; and Genome Diagnostics, Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto.
International 22q11.2DS Brain and Behavior Consortium
From the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, University Health Network, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto; the Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; the Centre for Applied Genomics and Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto; the Medical Genetics Residency Training Program, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; the Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia; the Departments of Pediatrics and of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; the Centre for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium; the Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales; the Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin; the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King’s College London; the Department of Psychiatry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; the Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles; Office Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Upstate Medical University, State University of New York, Syracuse; Département de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Marseille – Hôpital de la Timone, Marseilles, France; the Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, N.C.; the Department of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; the Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; the Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta; Centro de Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile; the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UC Davis, Sacramento, Calif.; Molecular Genetics and McLaughlin Centre, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, N.Y.; and Genome Diagnostics, Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto.
Notes
Address correspondence to Dr. Bassett ([email protected]).
Competing Interests
The authors report no financial relationships with commercial interests.
Funding Information
Canadian Institutes of Health Research: 97800
University of Toronto McLaughlin Centre: MC-2015-01
National Institute of Mental Health10.13039/100000025: 5U01MH101723-02
Canadian Institutes of Health Research10.13039/501100000024: 111238
Supported by NIMH grant 5U01MH101723-02, by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (MOP numbers 97800 and 111238 to Dr. Bassett), by the Canada Research Chair in Schizophrenia Genetics and Genomic Disorders (Dr. Bassett), by Canada-Latin America and the Caribbean Research Exchange Grants program (Dr. Bassett and Dr. Repetto), and by the University of Toronto McLaughlin Centre (MC-2015-01). Dr. Bassett also is supported by the Dalglish Chair at the University Health Network, Toronto. Ms. Lowther is supported by a Frederick Banting and Charles Best Canadian Institutes of Health Research Doctoral Award. Dr. Vorstman was funded for this work by a Young Investigator Award from the Brain and Behavior Research Foundation.Metrics & Citations
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