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Abstract

Objective:

Nonincarcerated (community-supervised) youths who are first-time offenders have high rates of mental and substance use disorders. However, little is known about their use of psychiatric services (mental health and substance use) or factors associated with service use. This study examined the prevalence, determinants, and barriers to service use among community-supervised youths.

Methods:

Data were from a longitudinal study of mental health and substance use outcomes among adolescents ages 12–18 from a northeastern family court in which caregivers and youths completed assessments (N=423 dyads). The Behavior Assessment System for Children, Second Edition, assessed youths’ psychiatric symptoms. The Child and Adolescent Services Assessment assessed service use and barriers. Family functioning and caregiver-adolescent communication were assessed with the McMaster Family Assessment Device and the Parent-Adolescent General Communication Scale, respectively. Multivariable regression analyses examined the cross-sectional relationship between youths’ service use and determinants of use at baseline.

Results:

Of the 423 youths, 49% experienced psychiatric symptoms and 36% used psychiatric services in the past 4 months. The highest adjusted odds of service use were associated with youths’ psychiatric symptoms and caregivers’ history of a psychiatric diagnosis. The lowest odds were associated with caregivers’ identifying as being from racial and ethnic minority groups. Caregiver-reported barriers to service use differed according to prior service use and by caregiver race-ethnicity.

Conclusions:

Results suggest a need for interventions to increase access to and engagement in psychiatric services for community-supervised youths and the importance of caregiver factors in designing such interventions.

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Information & Authors

Information

Published In

Go to Psychiatric Services
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Cover: XXXX

Psychiatric Services
Pages: 586 - 595
PubMed: 31138054

History

Received: 10 July 2018
Revision received: 22 November 2018
Accepted: 22 February 2019
Published online: 29 May 2019
Published in print: July 01, 2019

Keywords

  1. Community mental health services
  2. Juvenile delinquency

Authors

Details

Juliet C. Yonek, Ph.D. [email protected]
Department of Psychiatry, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, and Division of Infant, Child, and Adolescent Psychiatry, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco (Yonek, Dauria, Tolou-Shams); Bradley/Hasbro Children’s Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island (Kemp, Koinis-Mitchell); Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School (Kemp) and Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health (Marshall), Brown University, Providence.
Emily F. Dauria, Ph.D.
Department of Psychiatry, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, and Division of Infant, Child, and Adolescent Psychiatry, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco (Yonek, Dauria, Tolou-Shams); Bradley/Hasbro Children’s Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island (Kemp, Koinis-Mitchell); Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School (Kemp) and Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health (Marshall), Brown University, Providence.
Kathleen Kemp, Ph.D.
Department of Psychiatry, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, and Division of Infant, Child, and Adolescent Psychiatry, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco (Yonek, Dauria, Tolou-Shams); Bradley/Hasbro Children’s Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island (Kemp, Koinis-Mitchell); Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School (Kemp) and Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health (Marshall), Brown University, Providence.
Daphne Koinis-Mitchell, Ph.D.
Department of Psychiatry, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, and Division of Infant, Child, and Adolescent Psychiatry, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco (Yonek, Dauria, Tolou-Shams); Bradley/Hasbro Children’s Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island (Kemp, Koinis-Mitchell); Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School (Kemp) and Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health (Marshall), Brown University, Providence.
Brandon D. L. Marshall, Ph.D.
Department of Psychiatry, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, and Division of Infant, Child, and Adolescent Psychiatry, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco (Yonek, Dauria, Tolou-Shams); Bradley/Hasbro Children’s Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island (Kemp, Koinis-Mitchell); Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School (Kemp) and Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health (Marshall), Brown University, Providence.
Marina Tolou-Shams, Ph.D.
Department of Psychiatry, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, and Division of Infant, Child, and Adolescent Psychiatry, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco (Yonek, Dauria, Tolou-Shams); Bradley/Hasbro Children’s Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island (Kemp, Koinis-Mitchell); Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School (Kemp) and Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health (Marshall), Brown University, Providence.

Notes

Send correspondence to Dr. Yonek ([email protected]).
These data were presented at the annual meeting of the American Public Health Association, Atlanta, November 4–8, 2017.

Competing Interests

The authors report no financial relationships with commercial interests.

Funding Information

National Institute on Drug Abusehttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000026: 3R01DA034538-05S1
All phases of this study were supported by grant 3R01DA034538-05S1 from the National Institute on Drug Abuse.

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