Chapter 6.Tic Disorders
Sections
Excerpt
DSM-5 (American Psychiatric Association 2013) criteria for Tourette’s disorder mirror the description offered by Gilles de la Tourette (1885) more than 100 years ago (Box 6-). A tic is defined in DSM-5 as a “sudden, rapid, recurrent, nonrhythmic motor movement or vocalization” (p. 81). As discussed in this chapter, DSM-5 details a spectrum of childhood-onset tic disorders, not attributable to another medical condition, that vary in duration from transient (lasting less than a year) to chronic (persisting more than a year) and according to whether only motor tics, only vocal tics, or both motor and vocal tics are present. (Unlike most other disorders in DSM-5, there are no severity or impairment thresholds required to make a diagnosis of a tic disorder.) When motor and vocal tics have been present and persisted at least a year, the term Tourette’s disorder is used. These disorders are of psychiatric interest both because of the psychosocial impairment that the tics may cause and because of the comorbid conditions that may be associated with them.
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