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Although antipsychotic medications are the mainstay of care for chronic psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia, pharmacotherapy alone produces only limited improvement in negative symptoms, cognitive function, social functioning, and quality of life. Many patients continue to suffer from persistent positive symptoms and relapses even when they adhere to prescribed medications. Increasingly, community-based care is replacing hospital-based care and shifting the responsibility of managing illness-related burden to the patients and their family members. This chapter highlights the need for multimodal care, including psychosocial therapies as adjuncts to antipsychotic medications to help alleviate symptoms; to improve adherence, social functioning, and quality of life; and to prevent relapse. In this chapter, we review evidence that has accumulated on the efficacy of the main modalities of psychosocial treatment, such as cognitive-behavioral treatment, social skills training, cognitive remediation, and psychoeducational coping-oriented interventions, and also comment on other promising approaches.
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