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Opioid detoxification is a preparatory phase of treatment focused on ridding the body of opioids and overcoming physical dependence before hopefully beginning a longer-term abstinence-based treatment. However, some individuals will begin detoxification to decrease the cost of their habit without intending to remain abstinent. For individuals seeking treatment, current evidence favors the use of agonist maintenance therapies for opioid use disorder; however, detoxification can be appropriate for some highly motivated individuals who do not want to be physically dependent on opioids and who have a strong support network. Other factors favoring detoxification are limited access to agonist therapies or a desire for residential treatment where agonist medications are typically not available. Successful detoxification is related more to the reason for detoxification than to the methods. Methadone, buprenorphine, and clonidine are well-established medications used in detoxification.
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