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Marijuana is the most commonly used illicit substance in the United States and worldwide, and 1 in 11 individuals exposed to marijuana develops cannabis use disorder (Swift et al. 2001; United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime 2011). Despite public perception of marijuana as a generally benign substance, its addictive properties and associated adverse effects have been well documented (Hall and Degenhardt 2009). Of particular concern, adolescents and young adults are especially prone to developing cannabis-related disorders, and marijuana is the most common primary substance of use among people presenting for substance-related treatment (Chen and Anthony 2003; Substance Abuse and Mental Health Association 2010). Despite this, treatment development for cannabis-related disorders has lagged behind similar lines of development targeting other substance use disorders. Psychosocial interventions hold the strongest evidence base at present, but limitations in abstinence outcomes have led to investigation of more intensive psychosocial strategies, combined psychotherapeutic approaches, and augmentation of psychotherapy with pharmacotherapy.
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