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The acute period following traumatic brain injury (TBI) is characterized by neurotrauma-induced disturbances of cognition, emotion, behavior, and sensorimotor function (Arciniegas and McAllister 2008; Povlishock and Katz 2005; Stuss et al. 1999). These acute cognitive and noncognitive neuropsychiatric disturbances are especially prominent and functionally impairing among individuals with TBI of severities that necessitate hospitalization (Arciniegas and McAllister 2008; Nakase-Richardson et al. 2007; Nakase-Thompson et al. 2004; Sherer et al. 2005, 2009)—that is, severe, moderate, and complicated mild TBI (mTBI). Among such individuals, the severity and persistence of acute cognitive and noncognitive neuropsychiatric disturbances predicts longer-term neuropsychiatric problems and functional limitations (Dikmen et al. 2003; Rapoport et al. 2002; Sherer et al. 2008, 2014; Whyte et al. 2001), as well as diminished quality of life for persons with TBI and their families (Azouvi et al. 2016; Dikmen et al. 2003).
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