Chapter 17.Personality Disorders
Sections
Excerpt
Maladaptive character traits have been recognized since Cain killed his brother Abel. In ancient Greece, Hippocrates observed and classified many mental disorders recognized today. Although he had no category for personality disorders, he described four temperaments believed to embody the elements of earth, air, fire, and water: the optimistic sanguine, the irritable choleric, the sad melancholic, and the apathetic phlegmatic. Variations his simple classification were used right up to the twentieth century.
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