American Journal of Psychiatry
- Volume 138
- Number 4
- April 1981
Publication date: 01 April 1981
Pages413–420Psychological stress may increase an individual's vulnerability to mental and physical illness. This may be prevented if the individual receives social support in mastering the stressful situation in the form of cognitive guidance that compensates for the ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.138.4.413Publication date: 01 April 1981
Pages421–428The first interview presents dilemmas to the psychiatric practitioner. Is he or she to concentrate in objective-descriptive fashion, observing symptoms and signs, seeking the likely syndrome or disease concept? Is he or she to work associatively, toward ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.138.4.421Publication date: 01 April 1981
Pages429–434The prediction of clinical response in depression has been based primarily on clinical symptoms and history. Recently, psychobiologic measures have been used to increase the accuracy of clinical prediction. In 34 drug-free patients with primary endogenous ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.138.4.429Publication date: 01 April 1981
Pages435–439During the past century various theories of mental functioning that rest on a deterministic view of man have gained dominance. However, a review of psychodynamic writing shows that there has remained a need for some concept of autonomy and inner direction,...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.138.4.435Publication date: 01 April 1981
Pages440–444Reports that men develop schizophrenia earlier than women could be a clue to major factors in the pathological processes of schizophrenia or they could be diagnostic artifacts. The authors evaluated the effect of alternative diagnostic systems on age at ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.138.4.440Publication date: 01 April 1981
Pages445–449Clinical research on the chronic effects of alcohol has been difficult to evaluate and compare because of the failure by investigators to quantify self-reported alcohol consumption. The authors describe four diverse groups of patients who were treated for ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.138.4.445Publication date: 01 April 1981
Pages450–454The authors examine the role of psychiatrists in community mental health centers and suggest that extensive psychiatric involvement is needed to ensure proper patient care. Within the context of four basic clinical models--social, psychological, ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.138.4.450Publication date: 01 April 1981
Pages455–459While it has often been assumed that persons exposed to rapid social change incur a risk to their mental health, research results have been inconsistent. The authors found that 269 urban migrants in Senegal, West Africa, did not demonstrate worse mental ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.138.4.455Publication date: 01 April 1981
Pages460–464The antipsychotic effects of neuroleptic drugs are mediated by dopamine DA-2 receptors, and dopamine DA-1 receptors, linked to cyclic AMP formation, are not involved. Dopamine receptor binding is enhanced in brain specimens of deceased schizophrenic ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.138.4.460Publication date: 01 April 1981
Pages465–471Considerable progress has been made in increasing the formal correctness of outcome research in schizophrenia by employing strict methodologic standards. However, based on a recent review of the literature, the authors note that insufficient attention has ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.138.4.465Publication date: 01 April 1981
Pages472–477The authors completed ratings of premorbid sexual and social adjustment and assays of the CSF homovanillic acid (HVA), 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), and probenecid concentrations in 108 psychiatric patients. Among the 30 patients diagnosed as ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.138.4.472Publication date: 01 April 1981
Pages478–483The authors review some general issues concerning the development and use of animal models of schizophrenia and present a summary of the criteria necessary for validating models. They also describe some of the major attempts at creating animal models of ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.138.4.478Publication date: 01 April 1981
Pages486–489The authors review the use of ECT with nine seriously depressed patients at the National Institute of Mental Health over the past 8 years. Despite the patients' poor prior response to a variety of pharmacological treatments, only one patient failed to ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.138.4.486Publication date: 01 April 1981
Pages489–492Lithium has been reported to raise serum calcium and lower serum phosphate concentrations and to increase urinary calcium excretion. Because these changes may be effects of parathyroid hormone (PTH), PTH was measured in 19 patients receiving lithium. PTH ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.138.4.489Publication date: 01 April 1981
Pages493–497Specialty certification is not a static process but is developing and changing. The author reviews traditional and current patterns of examinations given in English-speaking countries and reports recent concerns and criticisms of the certification ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.138.4.493Publication date: 01 April 1981
Pages498–501To determine staff productivity in the psychiatry department of a prepaid health plan, the authors compared hours of direct service with professional time available. Psychiatrists exceeded the time standards set, and other staff achieved about three-...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.138.4.498Publication date: 01 April 1981
Pages501–504The authors applied current diagnostic criteria (the Research Diagnostic Criteria developed by Spitzer and associates and DSM-III) to Kraepelin's descriptions of his own patients and compared Kraepelin's diagnoses of "functional" psychoses related to ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.138.4.501Publication date: 01 April 1981
Pages505–508The authors distributed a questionnaire to all members of a medical school graduating class (N = 85) to identify those students who had "seriously considered psychiatry as a career choice at any time." Eight such students were identified, 5 of whom chose ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.138.4.505Publication date: 01 April 1981
Pages508–511The authors present the case of a patient with an institutional transference and point out the existence of institutional countertransference, which confounded his therapy and obscured his potential for change. Confronted with the patient's tradition in ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.138.4.508Publication date: 01 April 1981
Pages512–514The authors explored the relationship between ad lib caffeine consumption in college students and the incidence of caffeinism, characterized by heightened anxiety, depression, and various psychophysiological reactions. Students were randomly selected from ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.138.4.512Publication date: 01 April 1981
Pages515–518The authors discuss the borderline syndrome of childhood, review the pertinent literature, and present three case histories demonstrating the salient features of the clinical syndrome. Each patient failed to benefit from intensive hospital treatment until ...
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Publication date: 01 April 1981
Pages540-a–540The name of Brian S. Joseph, M.D., was inadvertently omitted from the list of reviewers recognized by the Editor in his January 1981 "New Year's Reflections." The Editor would like to thank Dr. Joseph at this time.
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.138.4.540-aPast Issues
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