American Journal of Psychiatry
- Volume 141
- Number 10
- October 1984
Publication date: 01 October 1984
Pages1145–1158Meta-analysis of 58 controlled studies and analysis of the claims files for the Blue Cross and Blue Shield Federal Employees Plan for 1974-1978 provide mutually supporting evidence of the cost-offset effects of outpatient mental health treatment. These ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.141.10.1145Publication date: 01 October 1984
Pages1159–1171Relationships between pretreatment neurotransmitter metabolite levels and response to imipramine and amitriptyline were studied in 104 depressed patients. Normal values for urinary norepinephrine and low values for urinary MHPG were associated with ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.141.10.1159Publication date: 01 October 1984
Pages1172–1177One hundred ten nonpsychotic opiate addicts were randomly assigned to receive paraprofessional drug counseling alone, counseling plus cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy, or counseling plus supportive- expressive psychotherapy. Patients were classified low-...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.141.10.1172Publication date: 01 October 1984
Pages1178–1182In this study of 210 male and female alcoholic inpatients, significant associations were found 1) between antisocial personality diagnosis and early onset of all stages in alcohol dependence; 2) between bilineal family history of alcoholism and greater ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.141.10.1178Publication date: 01 October 1984
Pages1183–1189Baseline plasma levels of beta-endorphin, beta-lipotropin, and ACTH were assayed in 37 patients with chronic schizophrenia: 24 men and 13 women, 28 with hebephrenic and nine with paranoid schizophrenia. None of the patients had received any medication for ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.141.10.1183Publication date: 01 October 1984
Pages1189–1194On the basis of Western studies suggesting that infants with difficult temperaments are at greater risk for behavioral and physical disorders, the author postulated that Masai infants with difficult temperaments would be at greater risk in the harsh ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.141.10.1189Publication date: 01 October 1984
Pages1195–1202In this double-blind, placebo-controlled study the administration of haloperidol resulted in significant decreases in behavioral symptoms and in general clinical improvement in 40 autistic children ages 2.33 to 6.92 years. Haloperidol also produced ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.141.10.1195Publication date: 01 October 1984
Pages1203–1207The authors explored self-reports of the social integration of 163 chronically ill psychiatric patients who were admitted to 12 nursing homes over a 1-year period. Results suggest that nursing home care for psychiatric patients is custodial and ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.141.10.1203Publication date: 01 October 1984
Pages1208–1211Physical medicine has a body of normal findings that make possible the definition of disease states. The routine procedures of psychiatry do not include any such tests of health. As a result, the psychiatric concept of illness has no stable base from ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.141.10.1208Publication date: 01 October 1984
Pages1212–1215The authors studied the relationship between changes in amino acid precursors of biogenic amines and depression in 42 alcoholic patients with a secondary depression. Tryptophan and amino acids competing with it for brain entry were measured in the plasma ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.141.10.1212Publication date: 01 October 1984
Pages1216–1220Using a measure of capacity for pleasurable experiences (the Pleasure Scale), the authors compared at admission and 7-month follow-up 74 psychiatric inpatients meeting DSM-III criteria for major depression. Pleasure scores were stable over 7 months ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.141.10.1216Publication date: 01 October 1984
Pages1220–1223The authors evaluated four sets of diagnostic criteria, the Newcastle Index, DSM-III, RDC, and the Michigan Diagnostic Index, for the diagnosis of melancholia. Forty-nine depressed inpatients, all of whom met RDC for major depression, also received ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.141.10.1220Publication date: 01 October 1984
Pages1224–1227The authors determined the lifetime prevalence of affective disorder in the first- and second-degree relatives, excluding children, of 27 bulimic women who had never had anorexia nervosa and 27 women with no history of an eating disorder. Family diagnoses ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.141.10.1224Publication date: 01 October 1984
Pages1228–1231The authors compared three methods of assessing borderline personality disorders. Test-retest reliability for the self-report Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire was adequate and compared favorably with the interrater reliability of the DSM-III-oriented ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.141.10.1228Publication date: 01 October 1984
Pages1232–1235A study of two large private psychiatric hospitals showed rates and patterns of assaultive behavior by patients comparable to those found earlier in a study of public hospitals; this was especially true in the hospital that admitted involuntary patients. ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.141.10.1232Publication date: 01 October 1984
Pages1236–1239The available historical information concerning Freud's subject Daniel Paul Schreber's life, family, and the phenomenology of his illness is reviewed. The author challenges the traditional diagnosis of paranoid schizophrenia in favor of a diagnosis of ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.141.10.1236Publication date: 01 October 1984
Pages1240–1243A 197-item questionnaire was distributed to the 541 medical students who matched into first-year postgraduate positions in psychiatry in 1982. The questionnaire obtained basic personal data, career plans before entering medical school, experiences in ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.141.10.1240Publication date: 01 October 1984
Pages1244–1247Platelet MAO activity was determined in 33 anorexia nervosa patients. A subgroup of 15 patients who met Research Diagnostic Criteria for a concomitant major depressive disorder were found to have, both initially and after 5 weeks of treatment, ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.141.10.1244Publication date: 01 October 1984
Pages1248–1250The authors surveyed 122 recent graduates of the Massachusetts Mental Health Center to determine whether previously reported differences in career patterns between the sexes persist in younger psychiatrists. Some of the findings are consistent with ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.141.10.1248Publication date: 01 October 1984
Pages1251–1254The authors describe the clinical and pharmacologic management of a patient who developed an organic affective syndrome during a simulated deep-diving experiment. The physiological complexities of deep-diving research are reviewed, as well as the ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.141.10.1251Publication date: 01 October 1984
Pages1254–1257The authors evaluated 20 patients, diagnosed by Research Diagnostic Criteria after 1 week of hospitalization as having schizophrenia, weekly throughout their hospitalization. Four patients developed syndromes of depression after resolution of their ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.141.10.1254Publication date: 01 October 1984
Pages1258–1260Four patients with the syndrome of self-induced water intoxication and schizophrenic disorders, as well as inappropriate antidiuresis, are described. In each case, severe hyposthenuria preceded the clinical symptoms by 1 to 7 years. Hyposthenuria may be a ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.141.10.1258Publication date: 01 October 1984
Pages1260–1262The author treated 14 bulimic patients with lithium carbonate. All except two patients showed marked or moderate improvement. The possible mechanisms of action of lithium are discussed.
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.141.10.1260Publication date: 01 October 1984
Pages1263–1265Dexamethasone suppression tests (DSTs) were given to nine bipolar patients in both depressed and manic phases of their illness. In seven patients DST results were consistent between episodes; six patients had positive tests in both depression and mania.
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.141.10.1263Publication date: 01 October 1984
Pages1265–1266A patient with schizophrenia developed torsade de pointes, a life- threatening cardiac arrhythmia, due to administration of phenothiazines. An intravenous infusion of isoproterenol improved the symptoms. The etiology and treatment of the syndrome are ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.141.10.1265Publication date: 01 October 1984
Pages1267–1268Three patients experienced yohimbine-induced manic symptoms. The authors discuss a possible neurobiological mechanism for this reaction to yohimbine.
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.141.10.1267Publication date: 01 October 1984
Pages1269–1271The duration of ECT-induced tachycardia in 203 seizures of 28 patients was measured. Tachycardia duration was easily determined; it correlated highly with both motor (cuffed arm) and EEG seizure estimates.
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.141.10.1269Publication date: 01 October 1984
Pages1271–1273Ten patients experiencing sudden opiate withdrawal received low doses of guanfacine. Improvement was noticeable within the first 4 days and was most evident in moderate to severe cases. The major effect was on autonomic symptoms. Tolerance to guanfacine ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.141.10.1271Publication date: 01 October 1984
Pages1273–1275The authors used the backward masking paradigm to compare visual information processing in schizophrenic patients with predominantly positive or predominantly negative symptoms. The results indicate significantly slower information processing in patients ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.141.10.1273Publication date: 01 October 1984
Pages1276–1278Platelet monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity was assayed in 38 elderly depressed women and 16 matched controls. The depressed women whose illness began at age 55 or earlier (N = 19) had significantly lower MAO activity than patients with later onset (N = 19) ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.141.10.1276Publication date: 01 October 1984
Pages1279–1280Of 11 children and adolescents with unilateral conversion symptoms, 10 showed symptoms on the right side of the body. Lateralization was found to be related to a patient's handedness.
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.141.10.1279Publication date: 01 October 1984
Pages1281–1283The ratio of the increase in serum prolactin concentration to steady- state haloperidol concentration in acutely psychotic women correlated with early clinical improvement. Correction of prolactin response for neuroleptic concentration may provide a ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.141.10.1281Publication date: 01 October 1984
Pages1283–1285Obsessive-compulsive patients with symptoms resistant to clomipramine were treated by lithium or L-tryptophan augmentation. The improvement noted supports the hypothesis that increasing serotonergic neurotransmission ameliorates obsessive symptoms.
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.141.10.1283Publication date: 01 October 1984
Pages1285–1287De Clerembault identified a syndrome associated with delusional loving, and it has since been described in association with various diagnoses including paranoia, schizophrenia, affective disorder, and mental retardation. The authors document its ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.141.10.1285Publication date: 01 October 1984
Pages1287–1288A methadone maintenance patient with a decreased plasma methadone level, possibly due to phenobarbital-induced acceleration of methadone biotransformation, experienced opioid withdrawal symptoms. This finding suggests that when phenobarbital is used with ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.141.10.1287Publication date: 01 October 1984
Pages1289–1290A withdrawal syndrome occurred in a woman after 21 days of marijuana smoking during a controlled study of the effects of marijuana on hormonal function. The abstinence syndrome began 10 hours after cessation of marijuana smoking and lasted 96 hours.
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