American Journal of Psychiatry
- Volume 143
- Number 1
- January 1986
Publication date: 01 January 1986
Pages1–11As we await a successful model of the etiology of alcoholism, research and intervention strategies founder. The author critically reviews the present etiologic models, particularly those bearing on alcoholic personality. The central shortcoming of these ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.143.1.1Publication date: 01 January 1986
Pages12–17In 1958, Hollingshead and Redlich demonstrated that there were major differences in mental health care for lower-class patients: they primarily received low-intervention treatments from nonprofessional staff. The authors report a follow-up study initiated ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.143.1.12Publication date: 01 January 1986
Pages18–23A major problem for the practitioner is the lack of satisfactory guidelines as to how long continuation drug treatment of depressive episodes must be maintained to ensure that the episode is over. This often leads to either premature withdrawal of the ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.143.1.18Publication date: 01 January 1986
Pages24–28The authors report on the course of illness in 101 patients who were in an episode (the "index episode") of major depressive disorder when they entered a clinical research study, recovered from that episode, and then relapsed into a new episode (the "...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.143.1.24Publication date: 01 January 1986
Pages29–34Thirty-five depressed patients diagnosed by DSM-III criteria participated in a double-blind study of the acute antidepressant effects of the anticonvulsant carbamazepine, at average doses of 971 mg/day, achieving mean +/- SD blood levels of 9.3 +/- 1.9 ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.143.1.29Publication date: 01 January 1986
Pages35–39The authors describe the design and reliability of a rating scale that measures aggressive behaviors in adults and children. On the Overt Aggression Scale (OAS), aggression is divided into four categories: verbal aggression, physical aggression against ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.143.1.35Publication date: 01 January 1986
Pages40–44One hundred eight patients complaining of anxiety were diagnosed using the Anxiety Disorders Interview Schedule and classified into the various anxiety disorder categories as well as major depression. Although patients with a primary diagnosis of ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.143.1.40Publication date: 01 January 1986
Pages45–49In 1946-1949 psychiatrists examined in depth more than 200 students from four first-year medical school classes and predicted their future adjustment. Judging by the former students' replies to a questionnaire in 1981-1982, the psychiatrists' favorable ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.143.1.45Publication date: 01 January 1986
Pages50–55Predictors of outcome were identified for 163 patients with DSM-III schizophrenia divided into three cohorts by length of follow-up interval: 0-9 years (N = 57), 10-19 years (N = 59), and 20 years or more (N = 47). The most powerful variables predicting ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.143.1.50Publication date: 01 January 1986
Pages56–60The Family Environment Scale scores and demographic characteristics of 108 discharged psychiatric patients were used to predict outcome at 3 months and 1 year. Higher ratings of family expressiveness predicted fewer days of rehospitalization, especially ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.143.1.56Article
Publication date: 01 January 1986
Pages71–73The fragile X chromosome is an important factor in inherited mental retardation in males. It has also been reported that infantile autism is associated with fragile X. Recently, an article reported an examination of a small sample of autistic children in ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.143.1.71Family violence and child adjustment: a comparative analysis of girls' and boys' behavioral symptoms
Publication date: 01 January 1986
Pages74–77The authors compared behavior problems and social competence in 126 boys and girls (age 6-11) from violent and nonviolent families, on the basis of maternal ratings on the Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist. Girls from violent families were reported as ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.143.1.74Publication date: 01 January 1986
Pages77–80Prompted by the recruitment problem facing psychiatry, the authors investigated the influence of factors before and during medical school on choice of psychiatry. A questionnaire was completed by 392 of the 1982 graduates from 114 United States medical ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.143.1.77Publication date: 01 January 1986
Pages81–84The authors analyzed the dexamethasone suppression test (DST) results of 54 patients with major depressive disorder in relation to their pre- DST levels of cholesterol, sodium, potassium, and blood glucose, which are thought to have adrenocorticotrophic ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.143.1.81Publication date: 01 January 1986
Pages85–87Alprazolam, when added under double-blind conditions to a stable neuroleptic regimen in two patients with schizophrenia, resulted in clinically apparent improvement in positive and negative schizophrenic symptoms. Both patients showed significant ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.143.1.85Publication date: 01 January 1986
Pages88–90Of nine nonsuppressors on the dexamethasone suppression test (DST), five (56%) developed intolerable side effects during treatment with fluvoxamine, a new serotonin uptake inhibiting antidepressant, compared with three of 24 suppressors (13%).
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.143.1.88Publication date: 01 January 1986
Pages90–91A seasonal affective disorder characterized by mild affective symptoms has recently been described. The author presents four cases of severe major affective disorder with a seasonal pattern and discusses the clinical relevance of seasonality.
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.143.1.90Publication date: 01 January 1986
Pages92–93The authors received a letter from a woman undergoing a suicidal crisis. They replied in writing to the woman and her husband and to her local mental health center. This nontraditional yet empathic, anonymous contact enabled the woman to obtain ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.143.1.92Publication date: 01 January 1986
Pages94–95Ten patients from Monroe County, N.Y., had both multiple sclerosis and bipolar affective disorder. Epidemiologic data indicate that the expected number would be 5.4. This difference may indicate an association between these disorders.
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.143.1.94Publication date: 01 January 1986
Pages96–98Computerized tomographic brain scans of five patients with anorexia nervosa showed significantly more dilation of the third and lateral ventricles than in control subjects. Measurements of lean body mass suggest that these findings are secondary to the ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.143.1.96Publication date: 01 January 1986
Pages98–100Melancholic depressed subjects scored significantly higher than did nonmelancholic subjects both on the depressive symptoms used and those not used for melancholic subtyping. The results suggest that DSM-III's melancholic criteria do not identify a ...
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