American Journal of Psychiatry
- Volume 146
- Number 4
- April 1989
Publication date: 01 April 1989
Pages435–443Family, twin, and adoption studies have suggested an important role for hereditary factors in the etiology and pathogenesis of several psychiatric disorders. Advances in molecular and statistical genetics may very well reveal the identity of these factors,...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.146.4.435Publication date: 01 April 1989
Pages444–451Splitting is a concept that is used in a variety of ways to describe several different phenomena commonly seen in hospital treatment. As defined in this paper, it should be reserved for situations in which intrapsychic and interpersonal splitting occur ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.146.4.444Publication date: 01 April 1989
Pages452–458Although postcardiotomy delirium has been studied widely, there are few data about the current prevalence, compared to that reported in the late 1960s. There have been few efforts to replicate early observations. The authors review the literature using ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.146.4.452Publication date: 01 April 1989
Pages459–463The authors compared nine manic patients exhibiting formal thought disorders (tangentiality, neologisms, drivelling, private use of words, and paraphasias) with 102 manic patients without these thought disorders and with 31 schizophrenic patients. Manic ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.146.4.459Publication date: 01 April 1989
Pages464–472Although numerous studies have confirmed the presence of larger cerebral ventricles in schizophrenia, the locus of tissue loss remains elusive. By analyzing magnetic resonance scans with computerized image analysis, the authors determined gray and white ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.146.4.464Publication date: 01 April 1989
Pages473–477Some patients with functional psychoses follow a chronic, deteriorating course and others recover; at present clinicians have essentially no established factors beyond diagnosis and chronicity to predict which course a psychotic patient might follow. ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.146.4.473Publication date: 01 April 1989
Pages478–483The authors compared children (ages 7-13 years) of unipolar depressed mothers with children of nondepressed psychiatric patients, of nondepressed medical patients, and of nondepressed mothers in the community. The children's adjustment was rated by ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.146.4.478Publication date: 01 April 1989
Pages484–489The author examined the life events reported by 138 adolescents in relation to their own and their parents' alcohol and/or drug use. The 62 adolescents who were substance abusers reported more negative events involving deviance and emotional distress and ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.146.4.484Publication date: 01 April 1989
Pages490–495Subjects with borderline personality disorder (N = 21) or borderline traits (N = 11) and nonborderline subjects with closely related diagnoses (N = 23) were interviewed in depth regarding experiences of major childhood trauma. Significantly more ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.146.4.490Publication date: 01 April 1989
Pages496–502In a blind family study of 176 probands with nonpsychotic major depression, psychotic major depression, schizophrenia, or no history of DSM-III disorders, only the relatives of depressed probands with mood- incongruent psychotic features had a risk for ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.146.4.496Publication date: 01 April 1989
Pages503–507The authors analyzed dexamethasone suppression test (DST) results from 13 prospective studies on the use of the DST in children and adolescents with psychiatric disorders. Sensitivity of the DST was significantly higher among the children than among the ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.146.4.503Publication date: 01 April 1989
Pages508–512Antisocial personality disorder is generally perceived to be refractory to treatment, particularly psychotherapy. In this study, the ability of 48 patients with this disorder to form a working relationship with a psychotherapist or drug counselor was ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.146.4.508Publication date: 01 April 1989
Pages513–516Eighteen male U.S. veterans meeting DSM-III criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) completed a 4-week double-blind, crossover study comparing administration of 200 mg/day of desipramine with placebo. Response was measured by using the Beck ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.146.4.513Publication date: 01 April 1989
Pages517–520EEG abnormalities have been frequently reported in patients with panic disorder, although controlled studies are lacking. The authors examined the EEGs of 35 consecutively evaluated, medication-free patients with panic disorder and found that only five (...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.146.4.517Publication date: 01 April 1989
Pages521–525The authors studied the history of aggressive and self-destructive behaviors in psychotic and nonpsychotic hospitalized adolescents (N = 137). A multidimensional measure of self- and other-directed aggression was retrospectively applied to each patient's ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.146.4.521Publication date: 01 April 1989
Pages526–528The authors examined the prevalence of visual hallucinations in severely ill hospitalized research subjects with carefully diagnosed chronic schizophrenia and found it to be high. A chart review of 100 discharged subjects revealed documentation of visual ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.146.4.526Publication date: 01 April 1989
Pages529–531Severity of withdrawal symptoms and clinical outcome were compared in 19 elderly and 22 younger benzodiazepine-dependent patients matched for benzodiazepine half-life, dosage, and duration of treatment. During gradual taper of benzodiazepine doses, the ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.146.4.529Publication date: 01 April 1989
Pages532–534Magnetic resonance imaging did not diagnose neuropathology in 15 autistic patients. Measurements of the midsagittal area and volume of the fourth ventricle did not differ between these patients and matched control subjects.
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.146.4.532Publication date: 01 April 1989
Pages534–535The authors describe two patients with seasonal affective disorder characterized by fluctuations in cocaine craving that paralleled seasonal dysphoria. This extends the range of axis I disorders associated with cocaine self-administration.
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.146.4.534Publication date: 01 April 1989
Pages536–537Nine patients were given carbamazepine before rapid discontinuation of benzodiazepines. Most patients had had long-term benzodiazepine treatment and had abused benzodiazepines; five had taken high doses. All patients tolerated rapid discontinuation well ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.146.4.536Publication date: 01 April 1989
Pages538–539Changes in anergia/inhibition, mood, and pulse rate induced by intravenous physostigmine were significantly less pronounced in 26 patients with primary alcoholism than in 36 normal control subjects. These results suggest possible abnormalities in central ...
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