American Journal of Psychiatry
- Volume 148
- Number 1
- January 1991
Article
Publication date: 01 January 1991
Pages10–20Childhood psychic trauma appears to be a crucial etiological factor in the development of a number of serious disorders both in childhood and in adulthood. Like childhood rheumatic fever, psychic trauma sets a number of different problems into motion, any ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.148.1.10Publication date: 01 January 1991
Pages21–27OBJECTIVE: Controversy about the formulation of the insanity defense has been intense, but little empirical work is available regarding how different standards affect court findings. The major aims of the present study were to determine if different ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.148.1.21Publication date: 01 January 1991
Pages28–33OBJECTIVE: Legislation in Canada and the United States that was intended to decrease the use of civil commitment has resulted in a paradoxical increase in involuntary hospital admissions. To elucidate the reasons for this increase, this study was designed ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.148.1.28Publication date: 01 January 1991
Pages34–40OBJECTIVE: The DSM-III-R diagnosis of somatization disorder requires that a patient have a specific number of medically unexplained somatic symptoms. This number of symptoms was developed by committee consensus, and it is not clear whether patients with ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.148.1.34Publication date: 01 January 1991
Pages41–45OBJECTIVE: There is a controversial literature suggesting that stress, anxiety, and depression are harmful to the immune system and therefore to health. Preclinical studies indicate that activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis by ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.148.1.41Publication date: 01 January 1991
Pages46–49OBJECTIVE: The study addressed the questions, What are the interactional patterns in families in which incest occurs? and Do these patterns differ from those of families with other clinical problems? METHOD: The families for the study were chosen from two ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.148.1.46Publication date: 01 January 1991
Pages50–54OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that dissociation in adolescence is positively correlated with stress or abuse experienced earlier, the authors assessed dissociation in a heterogeneous group of disturbed adolescents and examined the relationship between ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.148.1.50Publication date: 01 January 1991
Pages55–61OBJECTIVE: To extend the knowledge on long-term effects of childhood abuse in psychiatric patients to a large sample, the authors explored childhood sexual and physical abuse in adult inpatients over 1,040 consecutive admissions. METHOD: The 947 patients ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.148.1.55Publication date: 01 January 1991
Pages62–66OBJECTIVE AND METHOD: Sleep disturbances are commonly reported by victims of extraordinary stress and can persist for decades. This study was designed to test the hypothesis that survivors of the Nazi Holocaust would have significantly more and different ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.148.1.62Publication date: 01 January 1991
Pages67–72OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to describe the long-term psychological and psychiatric sequelae of prisoner of war (POW) confinement against the backdrop of psychiatric evaluations of Korean conflict repatriates more than 35 years ago. METHOD: A ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.148.1.67Publication date: 01 January 1991
Pages73–77OBJECTIVE: To increase understanding of the potential in elderly persons for disability related to behavioral side effects of anxiolytic medications, cognitive and psychomotor effects of clinical doses of buspirone and a popular intermediate-acting ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.148.1.73Publication date: 01 January 1991
Pages78–84OBJECTIVE: The authors sought to determine if an acute dose of dextroamphetamine might have positive effects on affect and cognition in schizophrenic patients maintained on a regimen of haloperidol and, if so, what variables might predict such ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.148.1.78Publication date: 01 January 1991
Pages85–89OBJECTIVE: Susceptibility to neuroleptic-induced extrapyramidal syndromes varies widely, even within age and sex subgroups. Individual vulnerability to extrapyramidal syndromes has been assumed to explain this, but the utility of past history for ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.148.1.85Publication date: 01 January 1991
Pages90–95OBJECTIVE: The authors surveyed psychiatrists in the Christian Psychiatry movement to assess the role of religious belief in their practices. METHOD: The psychiatrists were members of the Christian Medical and Dental Society; questionnaires were sent to ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.148.1.90Publication date: 01 January 1991
Pages96–101OBJECTIVE: Because previous studies of differences in utilization of mental health care services have had important limitations, it is not clear if their findings that health maintenance organization (HMO) outpatient mental health care costs less than fee-...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.148.1.96Publication date: 01 January 1991
Pages102–105OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to compare the reliability of the Mini-Mental State Examination with that of a new Standardized Mini-Mental State Examination, which has expanded guidelines for administration and scoring. METHOD: The subjects ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.148.1.102Publication date: 01 January 1991
Pages106–111OBJECTIVE AND METHOD: This study examined whether a battery of neuropsychological tests could detect cognitive deficits--particularly in the areas of perception, learning, and memory--in patients with borderline personality disorder. The test battery was ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.148.1.106Publication date: 01 January 1991
Pages112–117OBJECTIVE: The authors evaluated family-genetic risk factors in girls with attention deficit disorder and compared these results to findings in the authors' previous study of boys with attention deficit disorder. METHOD: Twenty-one girls with attention ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.148.1.112Publication date: 01 January 1991
Pages118–120OBJECTIVE: To assess the complex relationship between substance abuse and personality disorders, the authors determined the prevalence of personality disorders in a group of middle-class substance abusers and compared the subjects who had personality ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.148.1.118Publication date: 01 January 1991
Pages121–126OBJECTIVE: This study compared differential effects of behavioral therapy and triazolam in a clinical population with sleep-onset insomnia. Triazolam was hypothesized to decrease sleep latency and frequency and duration of awakening, with some effects ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.148.1.121Publication date: 01 January 1991
Pages127–129Eighteen outpatients with obsessive-compulsive disorder were treated with either buspirone, a partial serotonin agonist, or clomipramine, a serotonin uptake inhibitor, in a double-blind, random-assignment study. Both drugs led to statistically significant ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.148.1.127Article
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