American Journal of Psychiatry
- Volume 152
- Number 12
- December 1995
Publication date: 01 December 1995
Pages1705–1713OBJECTIVE: The author's goal was to explore the historical, political, and social forces that have played a major role in the acceptance of the idea of trauma as a cause of the specific symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and to discuss the ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.152.12.1705Publication date: 01 December 1995
Pages1714–1720OBJECTIVE: Epidemiologic studies have reported an association between prenatal exposure to influenza and adult schizophrenia. The authors studied this association in individual patients with schizophrenia and also investigated the relationship of ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.152.12.1714Publication date: 01 December 1995
Pages1721–1723OBJECTIVE: Neuroimaging studies have provided robust evidence that schizophrenia is associated with structural brain abnormalities. However, the underlying pathophysiology of these changes is still unknown. By evaluating brain morphology early in the ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.152.12.1721Publication date: 01 December 1995
Pages1724–1729OBJECTIVE: This study assessed the prevalence of extrapyramidal signs and spontaneous dyskinesia in neuroleptic-naive, first-episode schizophrenic patients and examined the clinical correlates. METHOD: In a prospective study of the psychobiology of ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.152.12.1724Publication date: 01 December 1995
Pages1730–1736OBJECTIVE: This study was undertaken to assess the relationships among CSF concentrations of substrates of mitochondrial energy metabolism, neuroleptic medication, and neurological side effects. METHOD: CSF was obtained from 25 patients with schizophrenia;...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.152.12.1730Publication date: 01 December 1995
Pages1737–1742OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that there is a link between the memory deficit associated with schizophrenia and an impairment of consciousness, an experiential approach was used to assess recognition memory and awareness in schizophrenic patients and ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.152.12.1737Publication date: 01 December 1995
Pages1743–1748OBJECTIVE: This study investigated acute and nonacute brief psychoses. On the basis of previous work, the authors proposed that 1) acute brief psychoses occur predominantly in females, 2) they often do not conform to the diagnoses of DSM-III-R, 3) they ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.152.12.1743Publication date: 01 December 1995
Pages1749–1756OBJECTIVE: The authors sought to identify risk factors for rehospitalization in a seriously mentally ill population, focusing on factors that have the potential to be modified through community-based interventions. METHOD: A case-control design was used ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.152.12.1749Publication date: 01 December 1995
Pages1757–1764OBJECTIVE: Previous longitudinal studies of age-related memory loss have focused on objective neuropsychological measures that predict subsequent cognitive change, yet brain metabolic function, self- perception of memory loss, and other measures may also ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.152.12.1757Publication date: 01 December 1995
Pages1765–1770OBJECTIVE: The authors investigated the efficacy and safety of fluoxetine in the treatment of winter seasonal affective disorder. METHOD: Sixty-eight outpatients who met the DSM-III-R criteria for recurrent major depressive episodes, seasonal (winter) ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.152.12.1765Publication date: 01 December 1995
Pages1771–1775OBJECTIVE: Evidence suggests that the neuropathology of Huntington's disease, a neuropsychiatric disorder due to a mutation on chromosome 4, results from excessive activation of glutamate-gated ion channels, which kills neurons by oxidative stress. ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.152.12.1771Publication date: 01 December 1995
Pages1776–1781OBJECTIVE: This study examined the relationship of the somatic symptoms fatigue and insomnia with indicators of both psychiatric disturbance and HIV disease severity. METHOD: Study participants were 98 asymptomatic HIV-infected and 71 uninfected ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.152.12.1776Publication date: 01 December 1995
Pages1782–1787OBJECTIVE: Considerable evidence suggests that low concentrations of 5- hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) in CSF are associated with a history of aggressive behavior in both human and nonhuman primates. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.152.12.1782Publication date: 01 December 1995
Pages1788–1792OBJECTIVE: This study sought to document the prevalence of dissociative experiences in adult female inpatients with borderline personality disorder and to explore the relationship between dissociation, self- mutilation, and childhood abuse history. METHOD:...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.152.12.1788Publication date: 01 December 1995
Pages1793–1799OBJECTIVE: Since some symptoms are shared by both attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and comorbid psychiatric conditions, it is possible that a diagnosis of ADHD is an artifact of the overlapping symptoms. This article focuses on the ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.152.12.1793Article
Publication date: 01 December 1995
Pages1801–1803OBJECTIVE: The authors tested the hypothesis that the regional distribution of cerebral vasculature is anomalous in schizophrenia. METHOD: Dynamic susceptibility contrast magnetic resonance imaging was used to evaluate cerebral blood volume in the right ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.152.12.1801Publication date: 01 December 1995
Pages1804–1806OBJECTIVE: The authors evaluated the interrater reliability of ratings of bizarre delusions, addressing limitations of previous studies. METHOD: Fifty randomly selected psychiatrists rated bizarre delusions in 30 case vignettes adapted from a previous ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.152.12.1804Publication date: 01 December 1995
Pages1807–1809OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare levels of CSF somatostatin (somatotropin release-inhibiting factor) in drug-free patients with different major psychiatric disorders. METHOD: CSF somatostatin concentrations were measured in 66 drug-free ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.152.12.1807Publication date: 01 December 1995
Pages1810–1811OBJECTIVE: The authors explored the prevalence and predictors of nonresponse to reinstituted lithium prophylaxis in bipolar patients who had relapsed after discontinuation of successful lithium treatment. METHOD: The study was conducted with 54 bipolar ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.152.12.1810Publication date: 01 December 1995
Pages1812–1814OBJECTIVE: The authors assessed the efficacy of clozapine monotherapy for adults with treatment-resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder. METHOD: Twelve adults with refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder participated in a 10-week, open-label, systematic ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.152.12.1812Publication date: 01 December 1995
Pages1815–1818OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships among cumulative lifetime trauma, recent stressful events, and presence and severity of current posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in Holocaust survivors and nonexposed ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.152.12.1815Publication date: 01 December 1995
Pages1819–1820OBJECTIVE: To explore dopaminergic mechanisms in alcohol dependence, the authors measured plasma homovanillic acid (HVA) in recently detoxified alcohol-dependent men. METHOD: Plasma HVA was measured in 83 male patients with a diagnosis of alcohol ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.152.12.1819Article
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