Three Potential Susceptibility Loci Shown by a Genome-Wide Scan for Regions Influencing the Age at Onset of Mania

OBJECTIVE: The age at onset of bipolar disorder is associated with clinical features of the illness, including duration, severity, and pattern of comorbidity with other disorders. Age at onset is familial and heritable, and it correlates inversely with the prevalence of bipolar disorder among relatives. Because age at onset may have utility in resolving the complexity and heterogeneity of the disorder, the authors sought to identify chromosomal loci that harbor the genes influencing this trait. METHOD: A genome scan of 539 genotyped people in 97 families ascertained for the NIMH Bipolar Disorder Genetics Initiative was performed by using multipoint variance-components linkage analysis. RESULTS: The age at onset of mania was significantly heritable in these families. Three chromosomal regions yielded nonsignificant but suggestive multipoint lod scores greater than 2.5, with the strongest evidence observed at markers D12S1292, GATA31B, and GATA50C, on chromosomes 12p, 14q, and 15q, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Although firm conclusions await an independent replication, these results suggest that three regions of the genome may contain genes influencing the age at onset of mania in bipolar disorder. To the authors’ knowledge, these regions have not been implicated previously in risk for the disorder, suggesting that separate sets of genes influence disease susceptibility and the age at which it appears.