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New Research
Published Online: 1 August 2011
A Genome-Wide Significant Linkage for Severe Depression on Chromosome 3: The Depression Network Study
Gerome Breen, Ph.D., Bradley Todd Webb, Ph.D., Amy W. Butler, Ph.D., Edwin J.C.G. van den Oord, Ph.D., Federica Tozzi, Ph.D., Nick Craddock, F.R.C.Psych., Ph.D., F.Med.Sci., Mike Gill, F.R.C.Psych., Ph.D., … Show All … , Ania Korszun, Ph.D., M.D., M.R.C.Psych., Wolfgang Maier, M.D., Lefkos Middleton, M.D., F.R.C.Psych., Ole Mors, M.D., Ph.D., Michael J. Owen, F.R.C.Psych., Ph.D., F.Med.Sci., Sarah Cohen-Woods, Ph.D., Julia Perry, Ph.D., Nicholas W. Galwey, Ph.D., Ruchi Upmanyu, Ph.D., Ian Craig, Ph.D., Cathryn M. Lewis, Ph.D., Mandy Ng, Ph.D., Shyama Brewster, B.Sc., Martin Preisig, M.D., M.P.H., Marcella Rietschel, M.D., Lisa Jones, Ph.D., Jo Knight, Ph.D., John Rice, Ph.D., Pierandrea Muglia, M.D., Anne E. Farmer, M.D., F.R.C.Psych., and Peter McGuffin, F.R.C.P., F.R.C.Psych., Ph.D., F.Med.Sci. Show FewerAuthors Info & Affiliations
Publication: American Journal of Psychiatry
Abstract
Objective:
The purpose of this study was to find loci for major depression via linkage analysis of a large sibling pair sample.
Method:
The authors conducted a genome-wide linkage analysis of 839 families consisting of 971 affected sibling pairs with severe recurrent major depression, comprising waves I and II of the Depression Network Study cohort. In addition to examining affected status, linkage analyses in the full data set were performed using diagnoses restricted by impairment severity, and association mapping of hits in a large case-control data set was attempted.
Results:
The authors identified genome-wide significant linkage to chromosome 3p25-26 when the diagnoses were restricted by severity, which was a maximum LOD score of 4.0 centered at the linkage marker D3S1515. The linkage signal identified was genome-wide significant after correction for the multiple phenotypes tested, although subsequent association mapping of the region in a genome-wide association study of a U.K. depression sample did not provide significant results.
Conclusions:
The authors report a genome-wide significant locus for depression that implicates genes that are highly plausible for involvement in the etiology of recurrent depression. Despite the fact that association mapping in the region was negative, the linkage finding was replicated by another group who found genome-wide-significant linkage for depression in the same region. This suggests that 3p25-26 is a new locus for severe recurrent depression. This represents the first report of a genome-wide significant locus for depression that also has an independent genome-wide significant replication.
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History
Received: 21 September 2010
Revision received: 24 November 2010
Accepted: 1 February 2011
Published online: 1 August 2011
Published in print: August 2011
Authors
Details
Gerome Breen, Ph.D.
From the Medical Research Council Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London; the National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley National Health Service Trust and Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London; the Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics of Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; the Center for Biomarker Research and Personalized Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; the Department of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; Medical Genetics, GlaxoSmithKline, Verona, Italy, and Greenford, United Kingdom; the Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics and Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom; the Department of Psychiatry, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Dublin; Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; the Division of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London; the Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany; the Center for Psychiatric Research, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark; the Department of Adult Psychiatry, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; the Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; the Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London; the National Institute for Health Research Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas' National Health Service Foundation Trust and King's College London, London; the Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St Louis; NeuroSearch A/S; and the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto.
Bradley Todd Webb, Ph.D.
From the Medical Research Council Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London; the National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley National Health Service Trust and Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London; the Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics of Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; the Center for Biomarker Research and Personalized Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; the Department of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; Medical Genetics, GlaxoSmithKline, Verona, Italy, and Greenford, United Kingdom; the Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics and Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom; the Department of Psychiatry, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Dublin; Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; the Division of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London; the Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany; the Center for Psychiatric Research, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark; the Department of Adult Psychiatry, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; the Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; the Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London; the National Institute for Health Research Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas' National Health Service Foundation Trust and King's College London, London; the Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St Louis; NeuroSearch A/S; and the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto.
Amy W. Butler, Ph.D.
From the Medical Research Council Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London; the National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley National Health Service Trust and Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London; the Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics of Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; the Center for Biomarker Research and Personalized Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; the Department of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; Medical Genetics, GlaxoSmithKline, Verona, Italy, and Greenford, United Kingdom; the Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics and Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom; the Department of Psychiatry, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Dublin; Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; the Division of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London; the Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany; the Center for Psychiatric Research, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark; the Department of Adult Psychiatry, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; the Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; the Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London; the National Institute for Health Research Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas' National Health Service Foundation Trust and King's College London, London; the Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St Louis; NeuroSearch A/S; and the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto.
Edwin J.C.G. van den Oord, Ph.D.
From the Medical Research Council Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London; the National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley National Health Service Trust and Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London; the Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics of Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; the Center for Biomarker Research and Personalized Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; the Department of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; Medical Genetics, GlaxoSmithKline, Verona, Italy, and Greenford, United Kingdom; the Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics and Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom; the Department of Psychiatry, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Dublin; Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; the Division of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London; the Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany; the Center for Psychiatric Research, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark; the Department of Adult Psychiatry, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; the Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; the Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London; the National Institute for Health Research Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas' National Health Service Foundation Trust and King's College London, London; the Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St Louis; NeuroSearch A/S; and the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto.
Federica Tozzi, Ph.D.
From the Medical Research Council Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London; the National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley National Health Service Trust and Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London; the Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics of Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; the Center for Biomarker Research and Personalized Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; the Department of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; Medical Genetics, GlaxoSmithKline, Verona, Italy, and Greenford, United Kingdom; the Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics and Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom; the Department of Psychiatry, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Dublin; Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; the Division of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London; the Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany; the Center for Psychiatric Research, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark; the Department of Adult Psychiatry, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; the Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; the Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London; the National Institute for Health Research Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas' National Health Service Foundation Trust and King's College London, London; the Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St Louis; NeuroSearch A/S; and the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto.
Nick Craddock, F.R.C.Psych., Ph.D., F.Med.Sci.
From the Medical Research Council Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London; the National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley National Health Service Trust and Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London; the Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics of Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; the Center for Biomarker Research and Personalized Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; the Department of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; Medical Genetics, GlaxoSmithKline, Verona, Italy, and Greenford, United Kingdom; the Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics and Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom; the Department of Psychiatry, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Dublin; Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; the Division of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London; the Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany; the Center for Psychiatric Research, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark; the Department of Adult Psychiatry, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; the Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; the Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London; the National Institute for Health Research Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas' National Health Service Foundation Trust and King's College London, London; the Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St Louis; NeuroSearch A/S; and the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto.
Mike Gill, F.R.C.Psych., Ph.D.
From the Medical Research Council Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London; the National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley National Health Service Trust and Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London; the Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics of Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; the Center for Biomarker Research and Personalized Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; the Department of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; Medical Genetics, GlaxoSmithKline, Verona, Italy, and Greenford, United Kingdom; the Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics and Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom; the Department of Psychiatry, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Dublin; Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; the Division of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London; the Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany; the Center for Psychiatric Research, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark; the Department of Adult Psychiatry, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; the Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; the Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London; the National Institute for Health Research Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas' National Health Service Foundation Trust and King's College London, London; the Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St Louis; NeuroSearch A/S; and the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto.
Ania Korszun, Ph.D., M.D., M.R.C.Psych.
From the Medical Research Council Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London; the National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley National Health Service Trust and Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London; the Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics of Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; the Center for Biomarker Research and Personalized Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; the Department of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; Medical Genetics, GlaxoSmithKline, Verona, Italy, and Greenford, United Kingdom; the Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics and Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom; the Department of Psychiatry, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Dublin; Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; the Division of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London; the Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany; the Center for Psychiatric Research, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark; the Department of Adult Psychiatry, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; the Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; the Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London; the National Institute for Health Research Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas' National Health Service Foundation Trust and King's College London, London; the Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St Louis; NeuroSearch A/S; and the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto.
Wolfgang Maier, M.D.
From the Medical Research Council Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London; the National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley National Health Service Trust and Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London; the Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics of Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; the Center for Biomarker Research and Personalized Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; the Department of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; Medical Genetics, GlaxoSmithKline, Verona, Italy, and Greenford, United Kingdom; the Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics and Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom; the Department of Psychiatry, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Dublin; Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; the Division of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London; the Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany; the Center for Psychiatric Research, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark; the Department of Adult Psychiatry, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; the Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; the Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London; the National Institute for Health Research Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas' National Health Service Foundation Trust and King's College London, London; the Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St Louis; NeuroSearch A/S; and the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto.
Lefkos Middleton, M.D., F.R.C.Psych.
From the Medical Research Council Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London; the National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley National Health Service Trust and Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London; the Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics of Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; the Center for Biomarker Research and Personalized Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; the Department of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; Medical Genetics, GlaxoSmithKline, Verona, Italy, and Greenford, United Kingdom; the Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics and Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom; the Department of Psychiatry, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Dublin; Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; the Division of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London; the Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany; the Center for Psychiatric Research, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark; the Department of Adult Psychiatry, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; the Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; the Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London; the National Institute for Health Research Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas' National Health Service Foundation Trust and King's College London, London; the Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St Louis; NeuroSearch A/S; and the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto.
Ole Mors, M.D., Ph.D.
From the Medical Research Council Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London; the National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley National Health Service Trust and Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London; the Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics of Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; the Center for Biomarker Research and Personalized Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; the Department of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; Medical Genetics, GlaxoSmithKline, Verona, Italy, and Greenford, United Kingdom; the Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics and Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom; the Department of Psychiatry, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Dublin; Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; the Division of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London; the Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany; the Center for Psychiatric Research, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark; the Department of Adult Psychiatry, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; the Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; the Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London; the National Institute for Health Research Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas' National Health Service Foundation Trust and King's College London, London; the Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St Louis; NeuroSearch A/S; and the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto.
Michael J. Owen, F.R.C.Psych., Ph.D., F.Med.Sci.
From the Medical Research Council Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London; the National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley National Health Service Trust and Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London; the Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics of Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; the Center for Biomarker Research and Personalized Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; the Department of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; Medical Genetics, GlaxoSmithKline, Verona, Italy, and Greenford, United Kingdom; the Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics and Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom; the Department of Psychiatry, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Dublin; Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; the Division of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London; the Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany; the Center for Psychiatric Research, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark; the Department of Adult Psychiatry, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; the Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; the Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London; the National Institute for Health Research Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas' National Health Service Foundation Trust and King's College London, London; the Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St Louis; NeuroSearch A/S; and the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto.
Sarah Cohen-Woods, Ph.D.
From the Medical Research Council Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London; the National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley National Health Service Trust and Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London; the Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics of Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; the Center for Biomarker Research and Personalized Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; the Department of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; Medical Genetics, GlaxoSmithKline, Verona, Italy, and Greenford, United Kingdom; the Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics and Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom; the Department of Psychiatry, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Dublin; Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; the Division of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London; the Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany; the Center for Psychiatric Research, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark; the Department of Adult Psychiatry, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; the Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; the Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London; the National Institute for Health Research Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas' National Health Service Foundation Trust and King's College London, London; the Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St Louis; NeuroSearch A/S; and the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto.
Julia Perry, Ph.D.
From the Medical Research Council Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London; the National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley National Health Service Trust and Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London; the Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics of Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; the Center for Biomarker Research and Personalized Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; the Department of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; Medical Genetics, GlaxoSmithKline, Verona, Italy, and Greenford, United Kingdom; the Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics and Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom; the Department of Psychiatry, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Dublin; Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; the Division of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London; the Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany; the Center for Psychiatric Research, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark; the Department of Adult Psychiatry, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; the Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; the Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London; the National Institute for Health Research Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas' National Health Service Foundation Trust and King's College London, London; the Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St Louis; NeuroSearch A/S; and the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto.
Nicholas W. Galwey, Ph.D.
From the Medical Research Council Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London; the National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley National Health Service Trust and Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London; the Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics of Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; the Center for Biomarker Research and Personalized Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; the Department of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; Medical Genetics, GlaxoSmithKline, Verona, Italy, and Greenford, United Kingdom; the Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics and Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom; the Department of Psychiatry, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Dublin; Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; the Division of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London; the Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany; the Center for Psychiatric Research, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark; the Department of Adult Psychiatry, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; the Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; the Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London; the National Institute for Health Research Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas' National Health Service Foundation Trust and King's College London, London; the Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St Louis; NeuroSearch A/S; and the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto.
Ruchi Upmanyu, Ph.D.
From the Medical Research Council Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London; the National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley National Health Service Trust and Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London; the Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics of Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; the Center for Biomarker Research and Personalized Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; the Department of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; Medical Genetics, GlaxoSmithKline, Verona, Italy, and Greenford, United Kingdom; the Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics and Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom; the Department of Psychiatry, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Dublin; Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; the Division of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London; the Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany; the Center for Psychiatric Research, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark; the Department of Adult Psychiatry, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; the Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; the Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London; the National Institute for Health Research Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas' National Health Service Foundation Trust and King's College London, London; the Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St Louis; NeuroSearch A/S; and the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto.
Ian Craig, Ph.D.
From the Medical Research Council Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London; the National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley National Health Service Trust and Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London; the Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics of Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; the Center for Biomarker Research and Personalized Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; the Department of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; Medical Genetics, GlaxoSmithKline, Verona, Italy, and Greenford, United Kingdom; the Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics and Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom; the Department of Psychiatry, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Dublin; Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; the Division of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London; the Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany; the Center for Psychiatric Research, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark; the Department of Adult Psychiatry, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; the Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; the Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London; the National Institute for Health Research Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas' National Health Service Foundation Trust and King's College London, London; the Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St Louis; NeuroSearch A/S; and the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto.
Cathryn M. Lewis, Ph.D.
From the Medical Research Council Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London; the National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley National Health Service Trust and Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London; the Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics of Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; the Center for Biomarker Research and Personalized Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; the Department of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; Medical Genetics, GlaxoSmithKline, Verona, Italy, and Greenford, United Kingdom; the Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics and Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom; the Department of Psychiatry, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Dublin; Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; the Division of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London; the Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany; the Center for Psychiatric Research, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark; the Department of Adult Psychiatry, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; the Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; the Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London; the National Institute for Health Research Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas' National Health Service Foundation Trust and King's College London, London; the Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St Louis; NeuroSearch A/S; and the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto.
Mandy Ng, Ph.D.
From the Medical Research Council Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London; the National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley National Health Service Trust and Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London; the Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics of Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; the Center for Biomarker Research and Personalized Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; the Department of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; Medical Genetics, GlaxoSmithKline, Verona, Italy, and Greenford, United Kingdom; the Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics and Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom; the Department of Psychiatry, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Dublin; Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; the Division of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London; the Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany; the Center for Psychiatric Research, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark; the Department of Adult Psychiatry, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; the Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; the Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London; the National Institute for Health Research Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas' National Health Service Foundation Trust and King's College London, London; the Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St Louis; NeuroSearch A/S; and the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto.
Shyama Brewster, B.Sc.
From the Medical Research Council Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London; the National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley National Health Service Trust and Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London; the Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics of Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; the Center for Biomarker Research and Personalized Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; the Department of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; Medical Genetics, GlaxoSmithKline, Verona, Italy, and Greenford, United Kingdom; the Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics and Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom; the Department of Psychiatry, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Dublin; Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; the Division of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London; the Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany; the Center for Psychiatric Research, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark; the Department of Adult Psychiatry, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; the Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; the Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London; the National Institute for Health Research Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas' National Health Service Foundation Trust and King's College London, London; the Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St Louis; NeuroSearch A/S; and the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto.
Martin Preisig, M.D., M.P.H.
From the Medical Research Council Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London; the National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley National Health Service Trust and Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London; the Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics of Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; the Center for Biomarker Research and Personalized Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; the Department of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; Medical Genetics, GlaxoSmithKline, Verona, Italy, and Greenford, United Kingdom; the Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics and Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom; the Department of Psychiatry, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Dublin; Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; the Division of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London; the Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany; the Center for Psychiatric Research, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark; the Department of Adult Psychiatry, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; the Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; the Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London; the National Institute for Health Research Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas' National Health Service Foundation Trust and King's College London, London; the Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St Louis; NeuroSearch A/S; and the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto.
Marcella Rietschel, M.D.
From the Medical Research Council Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London; the National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley National Health Service Trust and Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London; the Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics of Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; the Center for Biomarker Research and Personalized Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; the Department of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; Medical Genetics, GlaxoSmithKline, Verona, Italy, and Greenford, United Kingdom; the Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics and Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom; the Department of Psychiatry, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Dublin; Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; the Division of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London; the Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany; the Center for Psychiatric Research, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark; the Department of Adult Psychiatry, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; the Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; the Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London; the National Institute for Health Research Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas' National Health Service Foundation Trust and King's College London, London; the Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St Louis; NeuroSearch A/S; and the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto.
Lisa Jones, Ph.D.
From the Medical Research Council Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London; the National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley National Health Service Trust and Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London; the Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics of Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; the Center for Biomarker Research and Personalized Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; the Department of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; Medical Genetics, GlaxoSmithKline, Verona, Italy, and Greenford, United Kingdom; the Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics and Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom; the Department of Psychiatry, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Dublin; Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; the Division of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London; the Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany; the Center for Psychiatric Research, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark; the Department of Adult Psychiatry, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; the Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; the Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London; the National Institute for Health Research Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas' National Health Service Foundation Trust and King's College London, London; the Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St Louis; NeuroSearch A/S; and the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto.
Jo Knight, Ph.D.
From the Medical Research Council Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London; the National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley National Health Service Trust and Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London; the Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics of Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; the Center for Biomarker Research and Personalized Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; the Department of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; Medical Genetics, GlaxoSmithKline, Verona, Italy, and Greenford, United Kingdom; the Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics and Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom; the Department of Psychiatry, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Dublin; Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; the Division of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London; the Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany; the Center for Psychiatric Research, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark; the Department of Adult Psychiatry, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; the Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; the Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London; the National Institute for Health Research Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas' National Health Service Foundation Trust and King's College London, London; the Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St Louis; NeuroSearch A/S; and the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto.
John Rice, Ph.D.
From the Medical Research Council Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London; the National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley National Health Service Trust and Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London; the Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics of Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; the Center for Biomarker Research and Personalized Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; the Department of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; Medical Genetics, GlaxoSmithKline, Verona, Italy, and Greenford, United Kingdom; the Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics and Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom; the Department of Psychiatry, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Dublin; Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; the Division of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London; the Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany; the Center for Psychiatric Research, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark; the Department of Adult Psychiatry, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; the Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; the Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London; the National Institute for Health Research Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas' National Health Service Foundation Trust and King's College London, London; the Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St Louis; NeuroSearch A/S; and the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto.
Pierandrea Muglia, M.D.
From the Medical Research Council Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London; the National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley National Health Service Trust and Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London; the Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics of Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; the Center for Biomarker Research and Personalized Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; the Department of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; Medical Genetics, GlaxoSmithKline, Verona, Italy, and Greenford, United Kingdom; the Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics and Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom; the Department of Psychiatry, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Dublin; Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; the Division of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London; the Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany; the Center for Psychiatric Research, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark; the Department of Adult Psychiatry, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; the Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; the Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London; the National Institute for Health Research Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas' National Health Service Foundation Trust and King's College London, London; the Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St Louis; NeuroSearch A/S; and the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto.
Anne E. Farmer, M.D., F.R.C.Psych.
From the Medical Research Council Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London; the National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley National Health Service Trust and Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London; the Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics of Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; the Center for Biomarker Research and Personalized Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; the Department of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; Medical Genetics, GlaxoSmithKline, Verona, Italy, and Greenford, United Kingdom; the Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics and Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom; the Department of Psychiatry, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Dublin; Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; the Division of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London; the Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany; the Center for Psychiatric Research, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark; the Department of Adult Psychiatry, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; the Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; the Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London; the National Institute for Health Research Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas' National Health Service Foundation Trust and King's College London, London; the Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St Louis; NeuroSearch A/S; and the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto.
Peter McGuffin, F.R.C.P., F.R.C.Psych., Ph.D., F.Med.Sci.
From the Medical Research Council Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London; the National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley National Health Service Trust and Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London; the Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics of Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; the Center for Biomarker Research and Personalized Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; the Department of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.; Medical Genetics, GlaxoSmithKline, Verona, Italy, and Greenford, United Kingdom; the Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics and Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom; the Department of Psychiatry, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Dublin; Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; the Division of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London; the Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany; the Center for Psychiatric Research, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark; the Department of Adult Psychiatry, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; the Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; the Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London; the National Institute for Health Research Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas' National Health Service Foundation Trust and King's College London, London; the Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St Louis; NeuroSearch A/S; and the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto.
Notes
Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. McGuffin, Medical Research Council Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, PO81, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom; [email protected] (e-mail).
Funding Information
Dr. Tozzi was employed by GlaxoSmithKline (who provided funding for the subject recruitment and sample collection for the Depression Network Study) at the time this study was conducted. Dr. Perry is employed by GlaxoSmithKline. Dr. Galwey is employed by GlaxoSmithKline; he is also a shareholder with GlaxoSmithKline. Dr. Upmanyu was an employee and a shareholder with GlaxoSmithKline at the time of analysis and interpretation of this study and is currently an employee and a shareholder with F. Hoffman-La Roche. Dr. Brewster is affiliated with GlaxoSmithKline and Medical Genetics. Dr. Muglia is employed by NeuroSearch A/S and was employed by GlaxoSmithKline at the time this study was designed (and until September 2009). Dr. Farmer has received travel and subsistence from GlaxoSmithKline to attend principal investigator planning, training, and interrater reliability meetings. All other authors report no financial relationships with commercial interests.Supported by GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development.
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