Thalamic Dysfunction in Schizophrenia Suggested by Whole-Night Deficits in Slow and Fast Spindles
Abstract
Objective:
Method:
Results:
Conclusions:
Method
Participants
Variable | Healthy Comparison Subjects (N=44) | Schizophrenia Patients (N=49) | Medicated Comparison Subjects (N=20) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | |
Total sleep time (minutes) | 447.6 | 62.0 | 472.5 | 91.0 | 465.8 | 75.8 |
Sleep onset latency (minutes)b | 14.1 | 1.5 | 26.7 | 3.6 | 20.5 | 4.3 |
Sleep maintenance (%)c | 90.8 | 9.0 | 91.2 | 10.5 | 92.8 | 9.6 |
Non-REM stage 1 (%) | 6.3 | 1.3 | 5.7 | 1.3 | 7.9 | 1.9 |
Non-REM stage 2 (%) | 51.6 | 4.4 | 55.5 | 5.6 | 52.5 | 6.3 |
Non-REM stage 3 (%) | 21.5 | 3.6 | 19.9 | 5.3 | 19.6 | 5.0 |
REM (%) | 20.6 | 2.5 | 18.9 | 2.65 | 20.0 | 2.8 |
EEG Recordings
EEG Analysis
Spindle Analysis
Slow Wave Analysis
Statistical Analyses
Results
Sleep Architecture
EEG Power Analysis
Spindle Analysis
Slow Wave Analysis
Cognitive Ability and Spindles
Clinical and Spindle Parameters in Schizophrenia Patients
Parameter | Spindle Number | Integrated Spindle Activity | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
r | pa | r | pb | |
Duration of illness | −0.25 | 0.09 | −0.15 | 0.31 |
Hospitalizations | 0.09 | 0.53 | 0.18 | 0.21 |
Age | −0.33 | 0.02 | −0.09 | 0.51 |
Medication dose | −0.18 | 0.20 | −0.13 | 0.38 |
Positive symptoms | −0.40 | 0.005 | −0.37 | 0.01 |
Negative symptoms | −0.32 | 0.02 | −0.28 | 0.06 |
General symptoms | −0.20 | 0.17 | −0.19 | 0.20 |
Discussion
Slow Wave Findings in Schizophrenia
Spindle activity deficits in schizophrenia
Spindle deficits are present throughout the night
Spindle deficits are unlikely a result of antipsychotics
Spindle deficits are unrelated to reduced general cognitive ability
Altered spindles suggest thalamic/thalamic reticular nucleus dysfunctions in schizophrenia
Footnotes
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