Whole Health Action Management: A Randomized Controlled Trial of a Peer-Led Health Promotion Intervention
Abstract
Objective:
Methods:
Results:
Conclusions:
HIGHLIGHTS
Methods
Study Procedures
Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria
Study Enrollment and Retention
Intervention
Intervention Fidelity
Intervention Attendance
Measures
Statistical Analysis
Results
Intervention Fidelity
Intervention Attendance
Participant Characteristics and Equivalence of Study Conditions
Total (N=139) | Intervention (N=68) | Control (N=71) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Characteristic | N | %a | N | %a | N | %a | χ2 | df | p |
Race | 5.62 | 3 | .13 | ||||||
Black/African American | 91 | 66 | 44 | 65 | 47 | 66 | |||
White | 43 | 31 | 19 | 28 | 24 | 34 | |||
Native American | 2 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 0 | 0 | |||
Asian | 3 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 0 | 0 | |||
Latinx | 7 | 5 | 5 | 7 | 2 | 3 | 1.49 | 1 | .22 |
Female | 63 | 45 | 35 | 52 | 28 | 39 | 2.03 | 1 | .15 |
High school or GED | 113 | 81 | 53 | 78 | 60 | 85 | .99 | 1 | .32 |
Married or living with partner | 12 | 9 | 9 | 13 | 3 | 4 | 3.68 | 1 | .06 |
Living in own house or apartment | 85 | 61 | 38 | 56 | 47 | 66 | 1.56 | 1 | .21 |
Parent | 54 | 39 | 26 | 38 | 28 | 39 | .21 | 1 | .89 |
Employed | 11 | 8 | 4 | 6 | 7 | 10 | .75 | 1 | .38 |
Annual income <$10,000 | 69 | 53 | 34 | 53 | 35 | 53 | .00 | 1 | .99 |
Diagnosis category | 1.28 | 3 | .74 | ||||||
Schizophrenia spectrum | 63 | 45 | 33 | 49 | 30 | 42 | |||
Bipolar disorder I or II | 44 | 32 | 22 | 32 | 22 | 31 | |||
Major depressive disorder | 23 | 17 | 9 | 13 | 14 | 20 | |||
Other | 9 | 7 | 4 | 6 | 5 | 7 | |||
Ever treated overnight for a mental health condition | 117 | 84 | 57 | 84 | 60 | 85 | .12 | 1 | .91 |
Ever treated for substance use | 51 | 37 | 21 | 31 | 30 | 42 | 1.93 | 1 | .16 |
Public health insurance (Medicaid or Medicare) | 124 | 89 | 60 | 88 | 64 | 90 | .13 | 1 | .72 |
Study site | |||||||||
1 | 39 | 28 | 19 | 28 | 20 | 28 | .21 | 2 | .90 |
2 | 61 | 44 | 31 | 46 | 30 | 42 | |||
3 | 39 | 28 | 18 | 27 | 21 | 30 | |||
M±SD | M±SD | M±SD | t | df | p | ||||
Age at baseline | 51±10 | 50±10 | 52±9 | .96 | 137 | .34 | |||
Household size (including participant) | 1.3±1.2 | 1.3±1.0 | 1.4±1.4 | .38 | 133 | .71 |
Services as Usual
Participant Outcomes
Outcome | OR or estimate | 95% CI or SE | p |
---|---|---|---|
Patient activation level (reference: lowest level)a | |||
Intercept | 2.48 | 0.10 | <.001 |
Intervention | .82 | .44–1.53 | .52 |
Time | .99 | .92–1.06 | .80 |
Intervention × time | 1.12 | 1.01–1.24 | .04 |
Self-rated health (reference: lowest level)a | |||
Intercept | 3.69 | 0.12 | <.001 |
Intervention | .64 | .36–1.15 | .14 |
Time | 1.00 | .95–1.05 | .99 |
Intervention × time | 1.10 | 1.01–1.19 | .03 |
Hope Scaleb | |||
Total score | |||
Intercept | 32.81 | .70 | <.001 |
Intervention | –.07 | .98 | .94 |
Time | .05 | .07 | .48 |
Intervention × time | .20 | .10 | .04 |
Pathways subscale | |||
Intercept | 11.88 | .26 | <.001 |
Intervention | .02 | .36 | .95 |
Time | –.03 | .03 | .29 |
Intervention × time | .11 | .04 | .01 |
Agency subscale | |||
Intercept | 11.56 | .29 | <.001 |
Intervention | .27 | .40 | .50 |
Time | .04 | .03 | .12 |
Intervention × time | .02 | .05 | .57 |
Employed (reference: not employed)c | |||
Intercept | -2.25 | 0.39 | <.001 |
Intervention | .85 | .30–2.42 | .76 |
Time | .95 | .90–1.00 | .07 |
Intervention × time | 1.21 | 1.08–1.36 | .001 |
Participant Satisfaction
Discussion
Conclusions
Supplementary Material
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