American Journal of Psychiatry

Causal pathways to disruptive behavior disorders, even within the same diagnostic category, are varied. Both equifinality and multifinality pose considerable challenges to uncovering underlying mechanisms and understanding varied developmental ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2020.20070998

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Early Parenting Intervention Effects on Brain Responses to Maternal Cues Among High-Risk Children

Publication date: 31 July 2020

Pages818–826

Objective: Early adversity is correlated with increased risk for negative outcomes, including psychopathology and atypical neurodevelopment. The authors aimed to test the causal impact of an early parenting intervention (Attachment and Biobehavioral Catch-...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2020.20010011

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Callous-Unemotional Traits and Risk of Gun Carrying and Use During Crime

Publication date: 16 June 2020

Pages827–833

Objective: With the addition of the “with limited prosocial emotions” specifier within the diagnosis of conduct disorder (DSM-5) and of conduct-dissocial disorder (ICD-11) to designate those with elevated callous-unemotional traits, the authors examined ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2020.19080861

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Subcortical Brain Volume, Regional Cortical Thickness, and Cortical Surface Area Across Disorders: Findings From the ENIGMA ADHD, ASD, and OCD Working Groups

Publication date: 16 June 2020

Pages834–843

Objective: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are common neurodevelopmental disorders that frequently co-occur. The authors sought to directly compare these disorders ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2020.19030331

Neural Correlates of the Dual-Pathway Model for ADHD in Adolescents

Publication date: 07 May 2020

Pages844–854

Objective: The dual-pathway model has been proposed to explain the heterogeneity in symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) by two independent psychological pathways based on distinct brain circuits. The authors sought to test whether ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2020.19020183

From Rare Copy Number Variants to Biological Processes in ADHD

Publication date: 30 June 2020

Pages855–866

Objective: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a highly heritable psychiatric disorder. The objective of this study was to define ADHD-associated candidate genes and their associated molecular modules and biological themes, based on the ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2020.19090923