American Journal of Psychiatry
- Volume 156
- Number 6
- June 1999
Editorial
Images in Neuroscience
Special Article
Publication date: 01 June 1999
Pages816–828OBJECTIVE: Depression is twice as common in women as in men, but the reason for this sexual dimorphism is unknown. This article reviews recent studies of the role of childhood sexual abuse in the subsequent development of major depressive disorder, and ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.156.6.816Publication date: 01 June 1999
Pages829–836OBJECTIVE: This article examines the role of placebos in evaluating the efficacy of psychiatric drugs. Also addressed are the identification of placebo effects on drugs, the relevance of active placebo, the need for placebo groups in psychotherapy studies,...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.156.6.829Regular Article
Publication date: 01 June 1999
Pages837–841OBJECTIVE: Stressful life events are associated with the onset of episodes of major depression. However, exposure to stressful life events is influenced by genetic factors, and these factors are correlated with those that predispose to major depression. ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.156.6.837Publication date: 01 June 1999
Pages842–848OBJECTIVE: Both age and gender are being increasingly recognized as important factors influencing CNS structure and function. However, there are relatively few data on actual neurochemical differences between the sexes in human subjects or on their ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.156.6.842Publication date: 01 June 1999
Pages849–856OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to examine the lifetime prevalence of antisocial personality disorder according to five diagnostic systems and the prevalence of psychopathy in a study group of women. The relationship between antisocial personality ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.156.6.849Publication date: 01 June 1999
Pages857–862OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to test the hypothesis that maternal smoking during pregnancy is associated with greater risk for criminal behavior of the offspring in adulthood. METHOD: An unselected, general population cohort composed of 11,017 ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.156.6.857Publication date: 01 June 1999
Pages863–868OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine rehospitalization rates of people receiving risperidone or clozapine who had been discharged from state psychiatric hospitals in Maryland. METHOD: Rehospitalization status was monitored for all patients ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.156.6.863Publication date: 01 June 1999
Pages869–875OBJECTIVE: Multicenter trials with the novel antipsychotic risperidone have suggested a standard dose of 6 mg/day. However, a dose producing the highest response rate in fixed-dose studies is likely to exceed the minimal effective dose in most patients. ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.156.6.869Publication date: 01 June 1999
Pages876–884OBJECTIVE: In an attempt to understand the basis of early relapse after antipsychotic withdrawal, the objective of this study was to determine whether the low occupancy of dopamine D2 receptors by clozapine and by quetiapine, as seen by brain imaging, ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.156.6.876Publication date: 01 June 1999
Pages885–890OBJECTIVE: After discontinuation of neuroleptic drugs, their antipsychotic and antiparkinsonian effects are still present for a prolonged period. It is not known whether the extended effects of neuroleptic drugs in humans are due to the continued presence ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.156.6.885Publication date: 01 June 1999
Pages891–896OBJECTIVE: Functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to investigate the hypothesis that attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with a dysfunction of prefrontal brain regions during motor response inhibition and motor ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.156.6.891Publication date: 01 June 1999
Pages897–901OBJECTIVE: Little is known about the validity of the DSM-IV criteria for alcohol use disorders when applied to adolescents. This report describes a group of “diagnostic orphans,” adolescents with one or two DSM-IV alcohol dependence symptoms who do not ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.156.6.897Publication date: 01 June 1999
Pages902–907OBJECTIVE: With the exception of a few reports of higher rates of childhood trauma in Vietnam veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), little is known about the influence of previous exposure to trauma on the PTSD effects of subsequent trauma. ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.156.6.902Publication date: 01 June 1999
Pages908–911OBJECTIVE: The authors’ goal was to construct a short screening scale for DSM-IV posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). METHOD: They used data from the Detroit Area Survey of Trauma, which is a representative population sample of 2,181 subjects 18–45 years ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.156.6.908Publication date: 01 June 1999
Pages912–919OBJECTIVE: Progress in resuscitation medicine allows an increasing proportion of patients to survive an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. However, little is known about long-term adaptation to the vital breakdown. The present study assessed the long-term ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.156.6.912Publication date: 01 June 1999
Pages920–927OBJECTIVE: This study examined the mental health service utilization and costs of 321 discharged state hospital patients during a 3-year follow-up period compared with costs if the patients had remained in the hospital. METHOD: The study subjects were ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.156.6.920Publication date: 01 June 1999
Pages928–934OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to ascertain the degree of underutilization of services for mental health problems among urban and rural Mexican American adults. METHOD: A probability sample (N=3,012) was used to represent the Mexican American ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.156.6.928Clinical Case Conference
Images In Psychiatry
Brief Report
Publication date: 01 June 1999
Pages943–945OBJECTIVE: Later age at onset of depression appears to be a risk factor for early recurrence. Therefore, the authors examined the 2-year outcomes of elderly patients with first-episode major depression following discontinuation of their maintenance ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.156.6.943Publication date: 01 June 1999
Pages946–948OBJECTIVE: The efficacy and safety of left prefrontal repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for treating resistant major depression were examined in a double-blind, controlled study. METHOD: Eighteen medication-resistant depressed subjects ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.156.6.946Publication date: 01 June 1999
Pages949–951OBJECTIVE: Current hypotheses hold that mechanisms underlying abnormal hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) function are causal factors in the precipitation of depression. If this is the case, then normalization of initially disturbed HPA ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.156.6.949Publication date: 01 June 1999
Pages952–954OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to compare levels of neuroactive amino acids in the cerebral cortex of healthy subjects, recently detoxified alcohol-dependent patients, and patients with hepatic encephalopathy. METHOD: Metabolite levels were measured ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.156.6.952Publication date: 01 June 1999
Pages955–957OBJECTIVE: Although major advances have been made in the diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders in primary care, few population-based investigations have focused on the obstetrical sector. This study examines the occurrence of chart-recorded ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.156.6.955Publication date: 01 June 1999
Pages958–960OBJECTIVE: Patients with polydipsia and intermittent hyponatremia have greater ventricle-brain ratios (VBRs) than matched patients without polydipsia and intermittent hyponatremia and normal subjects. Unlike previous studies, this study controlled for the ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.156.6.958Book Forum: CONFRONTING MENTAL ILLNESS
Book Forum: PSYCHOTHERAPY
Book Forum: FORENSIC PSYCHIATRY
Book Forum: SUICIDE
Letter to the Editor
Correction
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