American Journal of Psychiatry
- Volume 154
- Number 12
- December 1997
Editorial
Images in Neuroscience
Special Article
Publication date: 01 December 1997
Pages1641–1647OBJECTIVE: The goal of this overview is to examine male/female differences in psychopathology in light of the known effects of gonadal steroids, especially estradiol, on neural function. METHOD: The epidemiology of specific psychopathological syndromes is ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.154.12.1641Regular Article
Publication date: 01 December 1997
Pages1648–1654OBJECTIVE: The current literature on sex differences in schizophrenia with regard to structural brain abnormalities is inconsistent. Several studies have suggested that male and female patients may differ in severity of brain abnormalities. Efforts to ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.154.12.1648Publication date: 01 December 1997
Pages1655–1662OBJECTIVE: Evidence supports abnormal temporal lobe structure and function in schizophrenia. Some abnormalities, particularly involving the auditory cortex, appear to be sex specific. These findings were extended to anatomical and physiological ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.154.12.1655Publication date: 01 December 1997
Pages1663–1669OBJECTIVE: Studies have suggested that the maldeveloped neural circuitry producing schizophrenic symptoms may include the cerebellum. The authors found further support for this hypothesis by examining cerebellar morphology in severely ill children and ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.154.12.1663Publication date: 01 December 1997
Pages1670–1675OBJECTIVE: Attentional deficits are a prominent aspect of cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia. The anterior cingulate gyrus is proposed to be an important component of frontal attentional control systems. Structural and functional abnormalities have ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.154.12.1670Publication date: 01 December 1997
Pages1676–1682OBJECTIVE: The authors explored whether abnormal functional lateralization of temporal cortical language areas in schizophrenia was associated with a predisposition to auditory hallucinations and whether the auditory hallucinatory state would reduce the ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.154.12.1676Publication date: 01 December 1997
Pages1683–1689OBJECTIVE: After peaking during childhood, synaptic density in the human frontal cortex declines by 30%–40% during adolescence because of progressive elimination of synaptic connections. The characteristic age at onset of schizophrenia—late adolescence ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.154.12.1683Publication date: 01 December 1997
Pages1690–1695OBJECTIVE: Although posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a highly prevalent and often chronic condition, the relationship between PTSD and functioning and quality of life remains incompletely understood. METHOD: The authors undertook an archival ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.154.12.1690Publication date: 01 December 1997
Pages1696–1702OBJECTIVE: This report describes a 1-year follow-up study of survivors of a mass shooting incident. Acute-phase data from this incident were previously reported in this journal. METHOD: The Diagnostic Interview Schedule/Disaster Supplement was used to ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.154.12.1696Publication date: 01 December 1997
Pages1703–1710OBJECTIVE: The skepticism regarding the existence of dissociative identity disorder as well as the abuse that engenders it persists for lack of objective documentation. This is doubly so for the disorder in murderers because of issues of suspected ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.154.12.1703Publication date: 01 December 1997
Pages1711–1714OBJECTIVE: Although seasonal variation in impulsive aggression related to circannual rhythms of central serotonin neurotransmission is a topic of current interest, there is little firm knowledge on seasonality in the occurrence of homicide. Longitudinal ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.154.12.1711Publication date: 01 December 1997
Pages1715–1719OBJECTIVE: This study examined the relationship between characteristics of borderline personality disorder and suicidal behavior. The authors hypothesized that a specific feature of borderline personality disorder, impulsivity, and childhood trauma, a ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.154.12.1715Publication date: 01 December 1997
Pages1720–1725OBJECTIVE: The authors sought to determine the HIV seroprevalence among suicide victims in New York City. METHOD: All suicides of city residents from 1991 through 1993 were studied. The crude proportion of all suicide victims who were HIV positive and the ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.154.12.1720Clinical and Methodological Factors Related to Reliability of the Best-Estimate Diagnostic Procedure
Publication date: 01 December 1997
Pages1726–1733OBJECTIVE: The reliability and accuracy of the best-estimate diagnostic procedure were examined, and factors associated with reliability were determined. METHOD: The subjects were 134 members of large multigenerational pedigrees densely affected by ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.154.12.1726Publication date: 01 December 1997
Pages1734–1740OBJECTIVE: This article examines social and occupational disability associated with several DSM-IV mental disorders in a group of adult primary care outpatients. METHOD: The subjects were 1,001 primary care patients (aged 18–70 years) in a large health ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.154.12.1734Publication date: 01 December 1997
Pages1741–1746OBJECTIVE: This study assessed cycle to cycle symptom stability in women with premenstrual syndrome (PMS). METHOD: Symptom ratings obtained prospectively over three or more symptomatic cycles from 16 women with PMS were analyzed. Measures of symptom ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.154.12.1741Clinical Case Conference
Images in Psychiatry
Brief Report
Publication date: 01 December 1997
Pages1752–1756OBJECTIVE: Preliminary studies have indicated that daily left prefrontal repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation might have antidepressant activity. The authors sought to confirm this finding by using a double-blind crossover design. METHOD: Twelve ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.154.12.1752Publication date: 01 December 1997
Pages1757–1759OBJECTIVE: This prospective study assessed changes in depression and sexual functioning in chronically depressed men and women during treatment with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). METHOD: Twenty-five subjects (14 women, 11 men) with DSM-...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.154.12.1757Emergence of Adverse Events Following Discontinuation of Treatment With Extended-Release Venlafaxine
Publication date: 01 December 1997
Pages1760–1762OBJECTIVE: The rate of adverse events following discontinuation of treatment with extended-release venlafaxine was compared with the rate associated with discontinuation of placebo administration. METHOD: The subjects were 20 outpatients with major ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.154.12.1760Publication date: 01 December 1997
Pages1763–1765OBJECTIVE: Clozapine increases the levels of cytokines and soluble cytokine receptors. The authors investigated whether haloperidol has similar effects. METHOD: Rectal temperature, white blood cell counts, and plasma levels of cytokines and soluble ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.154.12.1763Publication date: 01 December 1997
Pages1766–1768OBJECTIVE: This study examined the effect of self-reported anxiety on the number of days persons with various general medical conditions spend in bed owing to disability. METHOD: Self-reported medical illness and disability data from a nationally ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.154.12.1766Publication date: 01 December 1997
Pages1769–1770OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the possible relationship between impulsivity in early adolescence and gambler status in late adolescence. METHOD: Impulsivity measures consisting of self-reports and teacher ratings were gathered from 754 boys in early ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.154.12.1769Publication date: 01 December 1997
Pages1771–1773OBJECTIVE: The relationship between genetic liability for antisocial behavior and CSF 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) in newborns was explored. METHOD: The authors assayed 5-HIAA in “leftover” CSF from 193 neurologically normal newborns and obtained ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.154.12.1771Book Forum
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