American Journal of Psychiatry
- Volume 162
- Number 3
- March 2005
In This Issue
Editorial
Reviews and Overviews
Publication date: 01 March 2005
Pages433–440This article, which seeks to sketch a coherent conceptual and philosophical framework for psychiatry, confronts two major questions: how do mind and brain interrelate, and how can we integrate the multiple explanatory perspectives of psychiatric illness? ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.3.433Publication date: 01 March 2005
Pages441–449New advances in the understanding of schizophrenia etiology, course, and treatment have increased interest on the part of patients, families, advocates, and professionals in the development of consensus-defined standards for clinical status and ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.3.441Images in Neuroscience
Introspections
Clinical Case Conference
Images in Psychiatry
Article
Publication date: 01 March 2005
Pages459–465OBJECTIVE: There has been a convergence of models describing schizophrenia as a disconnection syndrome, with a focus on the temporal connectivity of neural activity. Synchronous gamma-band (40-Hz) activity has been implicated as a candidate mechanism for ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.3.459Publication date: 01 March 2005
Pages466–474OBJECTIVE: The authors evaluated concordance rates among three electrophysiological measures in patients with schizophrenia, nonschizophrenic first-degree relatives of schizophrenia patients, and healthy comparison subjects. The purpose of the study was ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.3.466Publication date: 01 March 2005
Pages475–484OBJECTIVE: Context processing is a cognitive construct associated with activity in the middle frontal gyrus. Schizophrenia-related deficits in context processing tasks have been associated with prefrontal cortical dysfunction. This study evaluated whether ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.3.475Publication date: 01 March 2005
Pages485–494OBJECTIVE: Impaired prefrontal cortical function is regarded as a central feature of schizophrenia. Although many neuroimaging studies have found evidence of abnormal prefrontal activation when patients with schizophrenia perform cognitive tasks, the ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.3.485Publication date: 01 March 2005
Pages495–506OBJECTIVE: The relationship between cognition and outcome in people with schizophrenia has been established in studies that, for the most part, examined chronic patients and were cross-sectional in design. The purpose of this study was to analyze the ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.3.495Publication date: 01 March 2005
Pages507–512OBJECTIVE: Biases in the perception of personal vulnerability to risk could influence how individuals make decisions in many contexts. Schizophrenia patients, because of neurocognitive deficits and psychiatric symptoms, are often seen as compromised in ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.3.507Publication date: 01 March 2005
Pages513–519OBJECTIVE: There is a clear need to develop psychosocial rehabilitation methods that compensate for neurocognitive deficits common to persons with severe and persistent mental illness. Errorless learning, a compensatory training intervention, has been ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.3.513Publication date: 01 March 2005
Pages520–529OBJECTIVE: The number of older patients with chronic schizophrenia is increasing. There is a need for empirically validated psychotherapy interventions for these patients. Cognitive behavioral social skills training teaches cognitive and behavioral coping ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.3.520Publication date: 01 March 2005
Pages530–537OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the severity of posttraumatic stress and depressive reactions among children and adolescents 3 months after the 1999 earthquake in Ano Liosia, Greece, and additionally assessed the relationship of these reactions to ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.3.530Publication date: 01 March 2005
Pages538–544OBJECTIVE: The cross-cultural applicability of the concept of posttraumatic stress was investigated by assessing symptom frequency and levels of comorbid psychopathology in adolescents from the United States and Russia. METHOD: A self-report survey was ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.3.538Publication date: 01 March 2005
Pages545–551OBJECTIVE: This research focused on gender-specific trauma exposure and mental health symptoms among Palestinians living in conditions of military violence. It also examined the gender-specific role of peritraumatic dissociation in moderating the ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.3.545Publication date: 01 March 2005
Pages552–559OBJECTIVE: The authors investigated outcome at discharge and at follow-up assessments for adults abused as children who completed a 6-week inpatient program for traumatic stress recovery. METHOD: Participants were assessed at admission, discharge, and 3, ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.3.552Publication date: 01 March 2005
Pages560–566OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to determine if patients with a history of major depressive episode and comorbid posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have a higher risk for suicide attempt and differ in other measures of suicidal behavior, ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.3.560Publication date: 01 March 2005
Pages567–577OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to determine the effects of cigarette smoking on brain regional function in a group of chronic smokers by using cerebral blood flow (CBF) measures and positron emission tomography (PET). METHOD: Nineteen tobacco ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.3.567Publication date: 01 March 2005
Pages578–584OBJECTIVE: The extent of disagreement between large and smaller randomized, controlled trials on mental health issues is unknown. The authors aimed to compare the results of large versus smaller trials on mental health-related interventions. METHOD: The ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.3.578Publication date: 01 March 2005
Pages585–591OBJECTIVE: A recent study showed that among U.S. military personnel, mental disorders were the leading medical correlate of separation from military service. The reasons for this association have not been determined. The purpose of this study was to ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.3.585Publication date: 01 March 2005
Pages592–598OBJECTIVE: The prevalences of psychiatric disorders in young adult intercountry adoptees and nonadopted young adults from the general population were compared. METHOD: In the Netherlands, a total of 1,484 young adult intercountry adoptees (72.5% of the ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.3.592Brief Report
Publication date: 01 March 2005
Pages599–601OBJECTIVE: The authors examined the association between volume of the fusiform gyrus, a region involved in face processing, and the personality trait of extraversion in patients with schizophrenia. METHOD: Male patients (N=24) and age-matched male ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.3.599Publication date: 01 March 2005
Pages602–605OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to investigate brain white matter abnormalities by using diffusion tensor imaging in patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder close to illness onset. METHOD: Ten patients experiencing a first episode of ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.3.602Publication date: 01 March 2005
Pages606–608Background: Subtle dysmorphogenesis of the craniofacial region constitutes important corroborating evidence of the neurodevelopmental origins of schizophrenia. Advances in facial visualization now allow for three-dimensional anthropometric evaluations of ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.3.606Publication date: 01 March 2005
Pages609–612OBJECTIVE: The long-term effects of the use of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, or Ecstasy) in humans are controversial and unclear. The authors’ goal was to assess the contribution of a functional polymorphism in the gene encoding serotonin ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.3.609Publication date: 01 March 2005
Pages613–615OBJECTIVE: Association has been reported between the C allele of a –759C/T polymorphism in the promoter of the 5-HT2C receptor gene (HTR2C) and antipsychotic-induced weight gain, suggesting that polymorphic HTR2C expression influences this phenotype. The ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.3.613Publication date: 01 March 2005
Pages616–618OBJECTIVE: The authors examined the feasibility of using olfactory receptor neurons from living patients to test whether calcium signaling is altered in a neuronal cell population in bipolar disorder. METHOD: Ratiometric fluorescence photomicroscopy was ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.3.616Publication date: 01 March 2005
Pages619–620OBJECTIVE: The authors examined the association between suicidal ideation in early adulthood and daily tobacco smoking in a community sample of adolescents. METHOD: Participants were enrolled in a longitudinal study of health and development. The factors ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.3.619Publication date: 01 March 2005
Pages621–624OBJECTIVE: The authors’ goal was to determine whether specific pretreatment clinical characteristics differentially predict favorable treatment response to divalproex versus placebo for impulsive aggression in patients with borderline personality ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.3.621Letter to the Editor
Book Forum: Textbooks and Handbooks
Book Forum: Psychotherapies
Book Forum: Somatic Therapies
Book Forum: Biostatistics
Correction
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