American Journal of Psychiatry
- Volume 162
- Number 2
- February 2005
In This Issue
Editorial
Reviews and Overviews
Publication date: 01 February 2005
Pages214–227OBJECTIVE: The authors present a multidimensional meta-analysis of studies published between 1980 and 2003 on psychotherapy for PTSD. METHOD: Data on variables not previously meta-analyzed such as inclusion and exclusion criteria and rates, recovery and ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.2.214Publication date: 01 February 2005
Pages228–238OBJECTIVE: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a clinically heterogeneous condition. This heterogeneity can reduce the power and obscure the findings from natural history studies to genome scans, neuroimaging, and clinical trials. The authors review ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.2.228Images in Neuroscience
Introspections
Clinical Case Conference
Images in Psychiatry
Article
Publication date: 01 February 2005
Pages250–256OBJECTIVE: Compared to men, women have larger and more intimate social networks and higher rates of major depression. Prior studies have suggested that women are more sensitive to the depressogenic effects of low social support, but most of these studies ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.2.250Publication date: 01 February 2005
Pages257–262OBJECTIVE: Despite clear gender differences in the symptoms and course of bipolar affective disorder, studies investigating age at onset by gender have yielded inconsistent results. The authors investigated gender differences in age at onset and incidence ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.2.257Publication date: 01 February 2005
Pages263–269OBJECTIVE: Body image disorders appear to be more prevalent in Western than non-Western men. Previous studies by the authors have shown that young Western men display unrealistic body ideals and that Western advertising seems to place an increasing value ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.2.263Publication date: 01 February 2005
Pages270–275OBJECTIVE: The present report is part of a follow-along investigation focusing on the evolution of trauma-related symptoms in veterans of Operation Desert Storm. The goal of the current report was to examine three hypotheses on the relationship between ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.2.270Publication date: 01 February 2005
Pages276–282OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to isolate the unique contribution of physical injury to the subsequent development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). METHOD: Participants were 60 injured soldiers and a comparison group of 40 soldiers (...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.2.276Publication date: 01 February 2005
Pages283–290OBJECTIVE: Although previous psychophysiological studies have revealed heightened muscular and autonomic responses in individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), these studies have not permitted inferences about whether the abnormal responses ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.2.283Publication date: 01 February 2005
Pages291–296OBJECTIVE: Previous research in adults implicates attention bias in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). To study attention bias in children, the authors used picture-based versions of the visual-probe attention bias task previously used with adults. ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.2.291Publication date: 01 February 2005
Pages297–303OBJECTIVE: The purposes of this study were to estimate suicide rates up to 4 years after a deliberate self-harm episode, to investigate time-period effects on the suicide rate over the follow-up period, and to examine potential sociodemographic and ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.2.297Publication date: 01 February 2005
Pages304–310OBJECTIVE: The understanding of suicidal behavior is incomplete. The stress-diathesis model suggests that a deficit in serotonergic projections to the orbitofrontal cortex is involved in susceptibility to suicidal behavior. The orbitofrontal cortex has ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.2.304Mental Health Service Delivery and Suicide Risk: The Role of Individual Patient and Facility Factors
Publication date: 01 February 2005
Pages311–318OBJECTIVE: This study explores suicide rates as a quality measure and identifies risk factors for suicide among psychiatric inpatients. METHOD: Data from a prospective mortality study of psychiatric inpatients from 128 U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.2.311Publication date: 01 February 2005
Pages319–323OBJECTIVE: The authors analyzed suicide across the life cycle of different ethnic groups in an urban population equally divided between blacks (44.6%) and whites (48.1%). METHOD: Two data sets were used: 1) all suicides in Fulton County, Ga., from January ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.2.319Publication date: 01 February 2005
Pages324–329OBJECTIVE: In a previous randomized controlled study, the authors reported significant beneficial effects of cognitive therapy for relapse prevention in bipolar disorder patients up to 1 year. This study reports additional 18-month follow-up data and ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.2.324Publication date: 01 February 2005
Pages330–339OBJECTIVE: The authors examined clinical differences between divalproex sodium and generic immediate-release valproic acid. METHOD: This 6-year prospective, quasi-experimental clinical trial compared the effectiveness and tolerability of divalproex and ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.2.330Publication date: 01 February 2005
Pages340–349OBJECTIVE: Physicians may prescribe buprenorphine for opioid agonist maintenance treatment outside of narcotic treatment programs, but treatment guidelines for patients with co-occurring cocaine and opioid dependence are not available. This study compares ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.2.340Publication date: 01 February 2005
Pages350–360OBJECTIVE: In 1994 DSM-IV presented new criteria for substance abuse as repetitive problems in any one of four areas reflecting social, interpersonal, and legal difficulties. The authors systematically evaluate the performance of each of the four ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.2.350Publication date: 01 February 2005
Pages361–369OBJECTIVE: Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) showed decreased neuronal marker N-acetylaspartate and increased glial marker myo-inositol in subjects with chronic methamphetamine use and in subjects infected with HIV. The authors sought to ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.2.361Publication date: 01 February 2005
Pages370–376OBJECTIVE: The authors examined the prevalence of and risk factors for homelessness among all patients treated for serious mental illnesses in a large public mental health system in a 1-year period. The use of public mental health services among homeless ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.2.370Brief Report
Publication date: 01 February 2005
Pages377–379OBJECTIVE: Although body dysmorphic disorder often responds to serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRIs), most patients do not respond or respond only partially. However, placebo-controlled studies of augmentation of SRIs have not been done. Furthermore, ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.2.377Publication date: 01 February 2005
Pages380–382OBJECTIVE: Recent studies suggest that neuroactive steroids may be altered in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Since high rates of suicidality accompany PTSD, the authors investigated neuroactive steroid levels and correlations to suicide attempts in ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.2.380Publication date: 01 February 2005
Pages383–385OBJECTIVE: Serotonin type 1A receptors (5HT1ARs) have been shown to be affected by stress in experimental animals and related to anxiety and depression in humans. In the present study, the authors sought an association between 5HT1AR binding and ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.2.383Publication date: 01 February 2005
Pages386–388OBJECTIVE: Most schizophrenia patients have a deficit in auditory sensory gating, which appears to be mediated by the α-7 nicotinic receptor, that is not improved with conventional antipsychotic treatment. This study examined the effects of ondansetron, a ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.2.386Publication date: 01 February 2005
Pages388–390OBJECTIVE: The authors’ goal was to test the efficacy of selegiline augmentation of antipsychotic medication in outpatients with schizophrenia who had negative symptoms of moderate or greater severity. METHOD: A 12-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled, ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.2.388Publication date: 01 February 2005
Pages391–393OBJECTIVE: Nicotine temporarily normalizes smooth pursuit eye movement deficits in schizophrenia. This study used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to examine changes in brain hemodynamic response associated with nicotine administration during ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.2.391Publication date: 01 February 2005
Pages394–396OBJECTIVE: The authors’ goal was to test in humans the hypothesis that N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonism results in increased cortical glutamate activity, as proposed by the NMDAR hypofunction model of schizophrenia. METHOD: 4-T 1H proton ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.2.394Letter to the Editor
Book Forum: Mind/Brain
Book Forum: Aspects of Development
Book Forum: Primary Care
Book Forum: Eating Disorders
Book Forum: Suicide
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