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American Journal of Psychiatry

  • Volume 162
  • Number 2
  • February 2005

In This Issue

Editorial

Reviews and Overviews

Publication date: 01 February 2005

Pages214–227

OBJECTIVE: The authors present a multidimensional meta-analysis of studies published between 1980 and 2003 on psychotherapy for PTSD. METHOD: Data on variables not previously meta-analyzed such as inclusion and exclusion criteria and rates, recovery and ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.2.214

Publication date: 01 February 2005

Pages228–238

OBJECTIVE: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a clinically heterogeneous condition. This heterogeneity can reduce the power and obscure the findings from natural history studies to genome scans, neuroimaging, and clinical trials. The authors review ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.2.228

Images in Neuroscience

Introspections

Clinical Case Conference

Images in Psychiatry

Article

Publication date: 01 February 2005

Pages250–256

OBJECTIVE: Compared to men, women have larger and more intimate social networks and higher rates of major depression. Prior studies have suggested that women are more sensitive to the depressogenic effects of low social support, but most of these studies ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.2.250

Publication date: 01 February 2005

Pages257–262

OBJECTIVE: Despite clear gender differences in the symptoms and course of bipolar affective disorder, studies investigating age at onset by gender have yielded inconsistent results. The authors investigated gender differences in age at onset and incidence ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.2.257

Publication date: 01 February 2005

Pages263–269

OBJECTIVE: Body image disorders appear to be more prevalent in Western than non-Western men. Previous studies by the authors have shown that young Western men display unrealistic body ideals and that Western advertising seems to place an increasing value ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.2.263

Publication date: 01 February 2005

Pages270–275

OBJECTIVE: The present report is part of a follow-along investigation focusing on the evolution of trauma-related symptoms in veterans of Operation Desert Storm. The goal of the current report was to examine three hypotheses on the relationship between ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.2.270

Publication date: 01 February 2005

Pages276–282

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to isolate the unique contribution of physical injury to the subsequent development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). METHOD: Participants were 60 injured soldiers and a comparison group of 40 soldiers (...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.2.276

Publication date: 01 February 2005

Pages283–290

OBJECTIVE: Although previous psychophysiological studies have revealed heightened muscular and autonomic responses in individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), these studies have not permitted inferences about whether the abnormal responses ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.2.283

Publication date: 01 February 2005

Pages291–296

OBJECTIVE: Previous research in adults implicates attention bias in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). To study attention bias in children, the authors used picture-based versions of the visual-probe attention bias task previously used with adults. ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.2.291

Publication date: 01 February 2005

Pages297–303

OBJECTIVE: The purposes of this study were to estimate suicide rates up to 4 years after a deliberate self-harm episode, to investigate time-period effects on the suicide rate over the follow-up period, and to examine potential sociodemographic and ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.2.297

Publication date: 01 February 2005

Pages304–310

OBJECTIVE: The understanding of suicidal behavior is incomplete. The stress-diathesis model suggests that a deficit in serotonergic projections to the orbitofrontal cortex is involved in susceptibility to suicidal behavior. The orbitofrontal cortex has ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.2.304

Publication date: 01 February 2005

Pages311–318

OBJECTIVE: This study explores suicide rates as a quality measure and identifies risk factors for suicide among psychiatric inpatients. METHOD: Data from a prospective mortality study of psychiatric inpatients from 128 U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.2.311

Publication date: 01 February 2005

Pages319–323

OBJECTIVE: The authors analyzed suicide across the life cycle of different ethnic groups in an urban population equally divided between blacks (44.6%) and whites (48.1%). METHOD: Two data sets were used: 1) all suicides in Fulton County, Ga., from January ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.2.319

Publication date: 01 February 2005

Pages324–329

OBJECTIVE: In a previous randomized controlled study, the authors reported significant beneficial effects of cognitive therapy for relapse prevention in bipolar disorder patients up to 1 year. This study reports additional 18-month follow-up data and ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.2.324

Publication date: 01 February 2005

Pages330–339

OBJECTIVE: The authors examined clinical differences between divalproex sodium and generic immediate-release valproic acid. METHOD: This 6-year prospective, quasi-experimental clinical trial compared the effectiveness and tolerability of divalproex and ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.2.330

Publication date: 01 February 2005

Pages340–349

OBJECTIVE: Physicians may prescribe buprenorphine for opioid agonist maintenance treatment outside of narcotic treatment programs, but treatment guidelines for patients with co-occurring cocaine and opioid dependence are not available. This study compares ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.2.340

Publication date: 01 February 2005

Pages350–360

OBJECTIVE: In 1994 DSM-IV presented new criteria for substance abuse as repetitive problems in any one of four areas reflecting social, interpersonal, and legal difficulties. The authors systematically evaluate the performance of each of the four ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.2.350

Publication date: 01 February 2005

Pages361–369

OBJECTIVE: Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) showed decreased neuronal marker N-acetylaspartate and increased glial marker myo-inositol in subjects with chronic methamphetamine use and in subjects infected with HIV. The authors sought to ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.2.361

Brief Report

Publication date: 01 February 2005

Pages377–379

OBJECTIVE: Although body dysmorphic disorder often responds to serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRIs), most patients do not respond or respond only partially. However, placebo-controlled studies of augmentation of SRIs have not been done. Furthermore, ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.2.377

Publication date: 01 February 2005

Pages380–382

OBJECTIVE: Recent studies suggest that neuroactive steroids may be altered in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Since high rates of suicidality accompany PTSD, the authors investigated neuroactive steroid levels and correlations to suicide attempts in ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.2.380

Publication date: 01 February 2005

Pages383–385

OBJECTIVE: Serotonin type 1A receptors (5HT1ARs) have been shown to be affected by stress in experimental animals and related to anxiety and depression in humans. In the present study, the authors sought an association between 5HT1AR binding and ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.2.383

Publication date: 01 February 2005

Pages386–388

OBJECTIVE: Most schizophrenia patients have a deficit in auditory sensory gating, which appears to be mediated by the α-7 nicotinic receptor, that is not improved with conventional antipsychotic treatment. This study examined the effects of ondansetron, a ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.2.386

Publication date: 01 February 2005

Pages388–390

OBJECTIVE: The authors’ goal was to test the efficacy of selegiline augmentation of antipsychotic medication in outpatients with schizophrenia who had negative symptoms of moderate or greater severity. METHOD: A 12-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled, ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.2.388

Publication date: 01 February 2005

Pages391–393

OBJECTIVE: Nicotine temporarily normalizes smooth pursuit eye movement deficits in schizophrenia. This study used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to examine changes in brain hemodynamic response associated with nicotine administration during ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.2.391

Publication date: 01 February 2005

Pages394–396

OBJECTIVE: The authors’ goal was to test in humans the hypothesis that N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonism results in increased cortical glutamate activity, as proposed by the NMDAR hypofunction model of schizophrenia. METHOD: 4-T 1H proton ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.2.394

Letter to the Editor

Book Forum: Mind/Brain

Book Forum: Aspects of Development

Book Forum: Primary Care

Book Forum: Eating Disorders

Book Forum: Suicide

APA Official Actions

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