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American Journal of Psychiatry

  • Volume 159
  • Number 7
  • July 2002

Editorial

Reviews and Overviews

Publication date: 01 July 2002

Pages1080–1092

OBJECTIVE: This paper reviews the literature on obstetric complications as a risk factor for schizophrenia. The authors trace the evolution of this literature through different methods and carry out a quantitative review of the results from prospective, ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.159.7.1080

Publication date: 01 July 2002

Pages1093–1102

OBJECTIVE: Many clinical syndromes in neuropsychiatry suggest focal brain activation. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been proposed as a method for selectively altering neural activity. METHOD: Studies assessing effects of “slow” ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.159.7.1093

Images in Neuroscience

Clinical Case Conference

Images in Psychiatry

Article

Publication date: 01 July 2002

Pages1112–1118

OBJECTIVE: Previous work suggests that patients with unipolar depression may have structural as well as functional abnormalities in limbic-thalamic-cortical networks, which are hypothesized to modulate human mood states. A core area in these networks is ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.159.7.1112

Publication date: 01 July 2002

Pages1119–1126

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to characterize the neuropsychological presentation of geriatric depression and to determine whether depression-related executive dysfunction is more pronounced during advanced age. METHOD: The attention and ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.159.7.1119

Publication date: 01 July 2002

Pages1127–1132

OBJECTIVE: This study determined the influence of depressive symptoms on subsequent mortality of all causes. METHOD: The Honolulu Heart Program, established in 1965, is a prospective, community-based cohort of Japanese American men living in Hawaii. The ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.159.7.1127

Publication date: 01 July 2002

Pages1133–1145

OBJECTIVE: Major depression is a multifactorial disorder with many etiologic variables that are interrelated through developmental pathways. The authors used structural equation modeling to generate a developmental model for the etiology of major ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.159.7.1133

Publication date: 01 July 2002

Pages1146–1154

OBJECTIVE: The study assessed the efficacy and safety of risperidone as an adjunctive agent to mood stabilizers in the treatment of acute mania. METHOD: This 3-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study included 156 bipolar disorder patients ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.159.7.1146

Publication date: 01 July 2002

Pages1155–1159

OBJECTIVE: Growing evidence suggests that abrupt lithium discontinuation increases the risk of recurrence for patients with bipolar disorder. To assess the effect of abrupt change in lithium dose, the authors reanalyzed data from a previously reported, ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.159.7.1155

Publication date: 01 July 2002

Pages1165–1173

OBJECTIVE: Pharmacological, clinical, and postmortem studies suggest altered γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-ergic and glutamatergic function in patients with schizophrenia. The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex is one key locus of abnormality. The precise ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.159.7.1165

Publication date: 01 July 2002

Pages1174–1182

OBJECTIVE: Oct-6, a POU-III domain transcription factor, is expressed in embryonic stem cells and Schwann cells and in neuronal subpopulations during early mammalian development, but its relevance to disorders of cerebral development in humans is ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.159.7.1174

Publication date: 01 July 2002

Pages1183–1189

OBJECTIVE: Studies suggest the presence of premorbid cognitive impairment in patients with schizophrenia, yet the onset and course of these deficits remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the longitudinal course of premorbid ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.159.7.1183

Publication date: 01 July 2002

Pages1198–1200

OBJECTIVE: The planum temporale, a highly asymmetric neocortical area of the temporal lobe, has a possible role in schizophrenia. The authors used three different anatomical definitions of the planum temporale to examine the anterior, posterior, and total ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.159.7.1198

Publication date: 01 July 2002

Pages1201–1207

OBJECTIVE: The degree to which people with psychiatric symptoms and cognitive dysfunction can provide informed consent to participate in research is a controversial issue. This study was designed to examine the capacity of subjects with schizophrenia and ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.159.7.1201

Publication date: 01 July 2002

Pages1208–1213

OBJECTIVE: The authors sought to determine the relationship of panic attacks, cigarette smoking, and neuroticism. METHOD: Data were drawn from the Midlife Development in the United States Survey, a representative household survey of the adult population ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.159.7.1208

Publication date: 01 July 2002

Pages1214–1224

OBJECTIVE: The authors sought to achieve an improved understanding of the diagnosis of oppositional defiant disorder independent of its association with conduct disorder. METHOD: Family interactions, social functioning, and psychiatric comorbidity were ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.159.7.1214

Brief Report

Publication date: 01 July 2002

Pages1225–1227

OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the efficacy and safety of short-term estrogen therapy in decreasing noncognitive signs and symptoms of dementia in demented elderly patients. METHOD: Sixteen moderately to severely demented elderly patients with ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.159.7.1225

Publication date: 01 July 2002

Pages1227–1229

OBJECTIVE: Nerve growth factor is important for the development and function of the cholinergic basal forebrain. The authors examined the hypothesis that the concentration of nerve growth factor is lower than normal in the preclinical phase of ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.159.7.1227

Publication date: 01 July 2002

Pages1230–1232

OBJECTIVE: The safety and tolerability of short-term treatment with a low dose of risperidone was evaluated in adolescents with prodromal symptoms and a family history of schizophrenia. METHOD: Four prodromal high-risk adolescents and six first-episode ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.159.7.1230

Publication date: 01 July 2002

Pages1232–1235

OBJECTIVE: The nature and time course of temporal lobe abnormalities in psychotic illness remain controversial. Confounds include disease chronicity, gender, and handedness. The present study investigated temporal substructures in right-handed male ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.159.7.1232

Publication date: 01 July 2002

Pages1235–1237

OBJECTIVE: The authors examined the association between self-reported depressive symptoms in adolescence and mental well-being in early adulthood. METHOD: A questionnaire assessing psychosocial well-being was given to a group of subjects (N=651) in their ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.159.7.1235

Publication date: 01 July 2002

Pages1237–1239

OBJECTIVE: Elevated basal cortisol levels are a feature of depressive illness and cause deficits in learning and memory. The adrenal steroid dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) has antiglucocorticoid properties that may offer protection against the deleterious ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.159.7.1237

Publication date: 01 July 2002

Pages1240–1242

OBJECTIVE: The authors’ goal was to determine if there is an association between brain-to-serum lithium ratios and age. METHOD: Lithium-7 magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to measure in vivo brain lithium levels in nine children and adolescents (...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.159.7.1240

Letter to the Editor

Book Forum: Psychopharmacology

Book Forum: Psychodynamics

Book Forum: Treatment of Depression

Book Forum: Health Care and Patient Information

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