American Journal of Psychiatry
- Volume 160
- Number 1
- January 2003
Editorial
Reviews and Overviews
Publication date: 01 January 2003
Pages4–12OBJECTIVE: The meaning of the terms “validity” and “utility” as they apply to psychiatric diagnoses is examined. METHOD: The authors discuss the concepts of validity, utility, and disease; review assumptions that have been made about mental disorders as ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.1.4Publication date: 01 January 2003
Pages13–23OBJECTIVE: The clinical hallmark of schizophrenia is psychosis. The objective of this overview is to link the neurobiology (brain), the phenomenological experience (mind), and pharmacological aspects of psychosis-in-schizophrenia into a unitary framework. ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.1.13Images in Neuroscience
Introspections
Clinical Case Conference
Images in Psychiatry
Article
Publication date: 01 January 2003
Pages33–40OBJECTIVE: The study assessed the validity of the Gambling Task as a test of decision-making ability in adolescents and examined whether adolescents with behavior disorders, who are at risk for substance abuse, have deficits in decision making similar to ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.1.33Publication date: 01 January 2003
Pages41–46OBJECTIVE: Two alcohol dehydrogenase genes (ADH2 and ADH3 on chromosome 4) and one aldehyde dehydrogenase gene (ALDH2 on chromosome 12) exhibit functional polymorphisms. The goal of this study was to determine whether any associations exist between the ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.1.41Publication date: 01 January 2003
Pages47–55OBJECTIVE: The hypothesis that human cocaine users lose vesicular monoamine transporter (VMAT2) protein was tested in striatal samples from cocaine users and age-, sex-, and postmortem interval-matched comparison subjects. METHOD: Striatal samples were ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.1.47Publication date: 01 January 2003
Pages56–63OBJECTIVE: In previous studies, factors related to a history of suicide attempts in persons with alcohol dependence have included sociodemographic variables, a more severe course of alcoholism, additional substance use disorders, and psychiatric ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.1.56Publication date: 01 January 2003
Pages64–75OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to use functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to probe the neural circuitry associated with reactivity to negative and positive affective stimuli in patients with major depressive disorder before treatment ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.1.64Publication date: 01 January 2003
Pages76–82OBJECTIVE: In subjects with mood disorders, positron emission tomography (PET) with [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose has shown prefrontal cortical metabolism deficits, including in a subgenual region in subjects with familial illness. The authors applied a dl-...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.1.76Publication date: 01 January 2003
Pages83–89OBJECTIVE: Abnormalities of the hippocampus may play a role in the pathophysiology of depression, but efforts to identify a structural abnormality in this brain structure among depressed patients have produced mixed results. Previous research may have ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.1.83Publication date: 01 January 2003
Pages90–99OBJECTIVE: Dysfunctional attitudes are negatively biased assumptions and beliefs regarding oneself, the world, and the future. In healthy subjects, increasing serotonin (5-HT) agonism with a single dose of d-fenfluramine lowered dysfunctional attitudes. ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.1.90Publication date: 01 January 2003
Pages100–104OBJECTIVE: This study examined mathematical ability in adolescents with bipolar I disorder, compared to adolescents with major depressive disorder and psychiatrically healthy comparison subjects. METHOD: Participants (N=119) included adolescents in ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.1.100Publication date: 01 January 2003
Pages105–111OBJECTIVE: Testosterone supplementation may produce antidepressant effects in men, but until recently it has required cumbersome parenteral administration. In an 8-week randomized, placebo-controlled trial, the authors administered a testosterone ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.1.105Publication date: 01 January 2003
Pages112–117OBJECTIVE: This study sought to evaluate the relationship of obesity to demographic and clinical characteristics and treatment outcome in a group of 175 patients with bipolar I disorder who were treated for an acute affective episode and followed through ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.1.112Publication date: 01 January 2003
Pages118–127OBJECTIVE: Postmortem studies have implicated the central muscarinic acetylcholine system in schizophrenia. However, central muscarinic receptor availability has not previously been studied in vivo. Using [I-123]iodoquinuclidinyl benzilate ([123I]IQNB) ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.1.118Publication date: 01 January 2003
Pages128–133OBJECTIVE: Childhood-onset schizophrenia is a severe and unremitting form of the disorder. Prospective brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies have found progressive loss of total cerebral volume during adolescence, primarily attributable to ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.1.128Publication date: 01 January 2003
Pages134–141OBJECTIVE: During object manipulation, grip force must be adjusted in anticipation of destabilizing load forces to prevent the object from slipping. This study used three gripping tasks to assess whether schizophrenia affects the predictive mechanisms ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.1.134Publication date: 01 January 2003
Pages142–148OBJECTIVE: Studies of patients experiencing their first episode of psychosis have demonstrated that they typically remain undiagnosed and untreated for 1–2 years. It has been postulated that prolonged untreated psychosis may have serious effects: poor ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.1.142Publication date: 01 January 2003
Pages149–155OBJECTIVE: Evidence suggests that schizophrenia is a neurodevelopmental disorder that may involve abnormal connectivity between various cortical and subcortical brain areas. The parahippocampal gyrus is an area important for higher cognition in which a ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.1.149Publication date: 01 January 2003
Pages156–164OBJECTIVE: Smaller temporal lobe cortical gray matter volumes, including the left superior temporal gyrus, have been reported in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies of patients with chronic schizophrenia and, more recently, in patients with first-...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.1.156Brief Report
Publication date: 01 January 2003
Pages165–166OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to test, in terms of impulsivity, the hypothesis that borderline personality disorder “burns out” with age. METHOD: Linear regression analyses, with age as a predictor variable, were conducted on subsection scores of ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.1.165Publication date: 01 January 2003
Pages167–169OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of ethyl-eicosapentaenoic acid (E-EPA) and placebo in the treatment of female subjects with borderline personality disorder. METHOD: The authors conducted an 8-week, placebo-controlled, ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.1.167Publication date: 01 January 2003
Pages169–171OBJECTIVE: The authors assessed health care costs associated with psychoanalytically oriented partial hospital treatment for borderline personality disorder compared with treatment as usual within general psychiatric services. METHOD: Health care ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.1.169Publication date: 01 January 2003
Pages172–174OBJECTIVE: This study estimated the seroprevalence of hepatitis C virus in a public-sector psychiatric hospital. METHOD: Patients admitted between Jan. 1, 1998, and Dec. 30, 2000, were routinely screened for hepatitis C virus antibody on admission. ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.1.172Publication date: 01 January 2003
Pages174–178OBJECTIVE: Valproic acid is frequently not recommended for patients with hepatic dysfunction. The authors evaluated the association between hepatitis C and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) values during valproic acid treatment. METHOD: ALT changes in 564 ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.1.174Publication date: 01 January 2003
Pages178–180OBJECTIVE: This study tested the validity in the adult general population of the Mood Disorder Questionnaire, a screening instrument for bipolar I and II disorders. The Mood Disorder Questionnaire has been validated in a psychiatric outpatient study ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.1.178Publication date: 01 January 2003
Pages180–182OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to measure the reliability, validity, and classification accuracy of the DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for pathological gambling. METHOD: Participants in this study were drawn from two sources: 803 men and women from ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.1.180Letter to the Editor
Book Forum: Neuropsychiatry
Book Forum: Geriatric Psychiatry
Book Forum: Child Psychiatry
Book Forum: Textbooks
Book Forum: Aspects of Treatment
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