American Journal of Psychiatry
- Volume 160
- Number 10
- October 2003
In This Issue
Editorial
Reviews and Overviews
Publication date: 01 October 2003
Pages1726–1739Histotechnological breakthroughs in the late 1960s paved the way for anatomical discoveries that led to the concepts of the ventral striatal-pallidal system and the extended amygdala. These two macro-anatomical systems, together with the basal nucleus of ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.10.1726Publication date: 01 October 2003
Pages1740–1747OBJECTIVE: The authors review John Hughlings-Jackson’s writings on the “dreamy state” and his subsequent derivation of degrees of consciousness. METHOD: They reviewed the publications of Hughlings-Jackson from his initial description of the “dreamy state” ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.10.1740Images in Neuroscience
Introspections
Clinical Case Conference
Images in Psychiatry
Presidential Paper
Article
Publication date: 01 October 2003
Pages1768–1774OBJECTIVE: The authors used color photographs of emotional and neutral expressions to investigate recognition patterns of five universal emotions in schizophrenia. METHOD: Twenty-eight stable outpatients with schizophrenia (19 men and nine women) and 61 ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.10.1768Publication date: 01 October 2003
Pages1775–1783OBJECTIVE: Schizophrenia is currently conceptualized as a disease of functional neural connectivity, leading to symptoms that affect aspects of mental activity, including perception, attention, memory, and emotion. The neural substrates of its emotional ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.10.1775Publication date: 01 October 2003
Pages1784–1789OBJECTIVE: Olfactory deficits in patients with schizophrenia, including those of odor identification, detection threshold sensitivity, discrimination, and memory, have been well described. Deficits in emotional perception, processing, and experience have ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.10.1784Publication date: 01 October 2003
Pages1790–1794OBJECTIVE: Previous investigation has revealed stable olfactory identification deficits in neuroleptic-naive patients experiencing a first episode of psychosis, but it is unknown if these deficits predate illness onset. METHOD: The olfactory ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.10.1790Publication date: 01 October 2003
Pages1795–1801OBJECTIVE: Visual contrast detection has been reported in some studies to be normal in schizophrenia patients, but in other studies impairments have been reported. Because contrast detection in the visual processing system is mediated by dopamine, and ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.10.1795Publication date: 01 October 2003
Pages1802–1808OBJECTIVE: Memory impairment has been well documented in schizophrenia. In a previous study, the authors investigated patterns of brain activity during episodic encoding and recognition of words in remitted, stable schizophrenia outpatients being treated ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.10.1802Publication date: 01 October 2003
Pages1809–1816OBJECTIVE: This study tested the hypothesis that impaired working memory is a core deficit underlying multiple neuropsychological deficits in schizophrenia patients. METHOD: The subjects were 27 men with stable chronic schizophrenia treated with atypical ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.10.1809Publication date: 01 October 2003
Pages1817–1822OBJECTIVE: This study assessed the current state of antipsychotic prescription practices regarding race among veterans receiving care through the Department of Veterans Affairs. METHOD: The authors examined pharmacy records over a 12-month period for all ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.10.1817Publication date: 01 October 2003
Pages1823–1829OBJECTIVE: Poststroke depression has been shown to increase mortality for more than 5 years after the stroke. The authors assessed whether antidepressant treatment would reduce poststroke mortality over 9 years of follow-up. METHOD: A total of 104 ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.10.1823Publication date: 01 October 2003
Pages1830–1835OBJECTIVE: The authors sought to identify genetic markers for antidepressant medication intolerance. Genetic variation in drug metabolizing enzymes such as cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) has been postulated to underlie antidepressant intolerance (...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.10.1830Publication date: 01 October 2003
Pages1836–1841OBJECTIVE: Studies of laboratory animals have shown that administration of antidepressants of all pharmacological classes produces changes in dopamine transporter binding affinity. These observations suggest that dopamine transporter function may play a ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.10.1836Publication date: 01 October 2003
Pages1842–1846OBJECTIVE: Despite reports of estradiol’s therapeutic efficacy in perimenopausal depression, the relationship between ovarian function and mood in perimenopausal depression remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to examine changes in mood and ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.10.1842Publication date: 01 October 2003
Pages1847–1862OBJECTIVE: Autism is a neurally based psychiatric disorder, but there is no consensus regarding the underlying neurofunctional abnormalities. Previous functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies of simple movement suggested individually variable ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.10.1847Publication date: 01 October 2003
Pages1863–1869OBJECTIVE: Velocardiofacial syndrome, caused by a deletion on chromosome 22q11.2, is often accompanied by cognitive, behavioral, and psychiatric impairments. Specifically, velocardiofacial syndrome has been proposed as a disease model for a genetically ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.10.1863Publication date: 01 October 2003
Pages1870–1878OBJECTIVE: Aging in Down’s syndrome is accompanied by amyloid and neurofibrillary pathology, the regional and laminar distribution of which resembles pathological changes seen in Alzheimer’s disease. Previous studies using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.10.1870Brief Report
Publication date: 01 October 2003
Pages1879–1881OBJECTIVE: The influence of the emotional valence of words on conscious awareness was assessed in patients with schizophrenia. METHOD: The remember/know procedure was used to test 24 patients with schizophrenia and 24 normal comparison subjects. RESULTS: ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.10.1879Publication date: 01 October 2003
Pages1881–1883OBJECTIVE: Impaired self-monitoring is considered a critical deficit of schizophrenia. The authors asked whether this is a specific and isolable impairment or is part of a global disturbance of cognitive and attentional functions. METHOD: Internal ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.10.1881Publication date: 01 October 2003
Pages1884–1887OBJECTIVE: Functional neuroimaging studies have identified a role for the cerebellum in the neuropsychology of schizophrenia. Few studies, however, have examined the relationship between cerebellar size and neuropsychological functioning in schizophrenia. ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.10.1884Publication date: 01 October 2003
Pages1887–1889OBJECTIVE: Extracellular dopamine concentrations were estimated through measurement of [11C]raclopride binding with positron emission tomography after dietary manipulation of the dopamine precursors tyrosine and phenylalanine. METHOD: Healthy male ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.10.1887Publication date: 01 October 2003
Pages1890–1891OBJECTIVE: Dysfunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis with elevated plasma cortisol levels is characteristic of acute major depression. However, it is unclear whether HPA axis abnormalities are present in fully recovered patients. An ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.10.1890Publication date: 01 October 2003
Pages1892–1894OBJECTIVE: Orbitofrontal cortex regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) is lower in cocaine-dependent subjects than in non-cocaine-dependent subjects. Performance on the Gambling Task, a test of decision making, is a putative correlate of orbitofrontal cortex ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.10.1892Book Forum: Psychopharmacology
Book Forum: Consciousness
Book Forum: Cognitive Impairment
Book Forum: Psychoanalysis
Correction
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