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American Journal of Psychiatry

  • Volume 160
  • Number 10
  • October 2003

In This Issue

Editorial

Reviews and Overviews

Publication date: 01 October 2003

Pages1726–1739

Histotechnological breakthroughs in the late 1960s paved the way for anatomical discoveries that led to the concepts of the ventral striatal-pallidal system and the extended amygdala. These two macro-anatomical systems, together with the basal nucleus of ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.10.1726

Publication date: 01 October 2003

Pages1740–1747

OBJECTIVE: The authors review John Hughlings-Jackson’s writings on the “dreamy state” and his subsequent derivation of degrees of consciousness. METHOD: They reviewed the publications of Hughlings-Jackson from his initial description of the “dreamy state” ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.10.1740

Images in Neuroscience

Introspections

Clinical Case Conference

Images in Psychiatry

Presidential Paper

Article

Publication date: 01 October 2003

Pages1768–1774

OBJECTIVE: The authors used color photographs of emotional and neutral expressions to investigate recognition patterns of five universal emotions in schizophrenia. METHOD: Twenty-eight stable outpatients with schizophrenia (19 men and nine women) and 61 ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.10.1768

Publication date: 01 October 2003

Pages1775–1783

OBJECTIVE: Schizophrenia is currently conceptualized as a disease of functional neural connectivity, leading to symptoms that affect aspects of mental activity, including perception, attention, memory, and emotion. The neural substrates of its emotional ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.10.1775

Publication date: 01 October 2003

Pages1784–1789

OBJECTIVE: Olfactory deficits in patients with schizophrenia, including those of odor identification, detection threshold sensitivity, discrimination, and memory, have been well described. Deficits in emotional perception, processing, and experience have ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.10.1784

Publication date: 01 October 2003

Pages1795–1801

OBJECTIVE: Visual contrast detection has been reported in some studies to be normal in schizophrenia patients, but in other studies impairments have been reported. Because contrast detection in the visual processing system is mediated by dopamine, and ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.10.1795

Publication date: 01 October 2003

Pages1802–1808

OBJECTIVE: Memory impairment has been well documented in schizophrenia. In a previous study, the authors investigated patterns of brain activity during episodic encoding and recognition of words in remitted, stable schizophrenia outpatients being treated ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.10.1802

Publication date: 01 October 2003

Pages1809–1816

OBJECTIVE: This study tested the hypothesis that impaired working memory is a core deficit underlying multiple neuropsychological deficits in schizophrenia patients. METHOD: The subjects were 27 men with stable chronic schizophrenia treated with atypical ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.10.1809

Publication date: 01 October 2003

Pages1817–1822

OBJECTIVE: This study assessed the current state of antipsychotic prescription practices regarding race among veterans receiving care through the Department of Veterans Affairs. METHOD: The authors examined pharmacy records over a 12-month period for all ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.10.1817

Publication date: 01 October 2003

Pages1823–1829

OBJECTIVE: Poststroke depression has been shown to increase mortality for more than 5 years after the stroke. The authors assessed whether antidepressant treatment would reduce poststroke mortality over 9 years of follow-up. METHOD: A total of 104 ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.10.1823

Publication date: 01 October 2003

Pages1830–1835

OBJECTIVE: The authors sought to identify genetic markers for antidepressant medication intolerance. Genetic variation in drug metabolizing enzymes such as cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) has been postulated to underlie antidepressant intolerance (...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.10.1830

Publication date: 01 October 2003

Pages1836–1841

OBJECTIVE: Studies of laboratory animals have shown that administration of antidepressants of all pharmacological classes produces changes in dopamine transporter binding affinity. These observations suggest that dopamine transporter function may play a ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.10.1836

Publication date: 01 October 2003

Pages1842–1846

OBJECTIVE: Despite reports of estradiol’s therapeutic efficacy in perimenopausal depression, the relationship between ovarian function and mood in perimenopausal depression remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to examine changes in mood and ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.10.1842

Publication date: 01 October 2003

Pages1847–1862

OBJECTIVE: Autism is a neurally based psychiatric disorder, but there is no consensus regarding the underlying neurofunctional abnormalities. Previous functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies of simple movement suggested individually variable ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.10.1847

Publication date: 01 October 2003

Pages1863–1869

OBJECTIVE: Velocardiofacial syndrome, caused by a deletion on chromosome 22q11.2, is often accompanied by cognitive, behavioral, and psychiatric impairments. Specifically, velocardiofacial syndrome has been proposed as a disease model for a genetically ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.10.1863

Publication date: 01 October 2003

Pages1870–1878

OBJECTIVE: Aging in Down’s syndrome is accompanied by amyloid and neurofibrillary pathology, the regional and laminar distribution of which resembles pathological changes seen in Alzheimer’s disease. Previous studies using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.10.1870

Brief Report

Publication date: 01 October 2003

Pages1879–1881

OBJECTIVE: The influence of the emotional valence of words on conscious awareness was assessed in patients with schizophrenia. METHOD: The remember/know procedure was used to test 24 patients with schizophrenia and 24 normal comparison subjects. RESULTS: ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.10.1879

Publication date: 01 October 2003

Pages1881–1883

OBJECTIVE: Impaired self-monitoring is considered a critical deficit of schizophrenia. The authors asked whether this is a specific and isolable impairment or is part of a global disturbance of cognitive and attentional functions. METHOD: Internal ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.10.1881

Publication date: 01 October 2003

Pages1884–1887

OBJECTIVE: Functional neuroimaging studies have identified a role for the cerebellum in the neuropsychology of schizophrenia. Few studies, however, have examined the relationship between cerebellar size and neuropsychological functioning in schizophrenia. ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.10.1884

Publication date: 01 October 2003

Pages1887–1889

OBJECTIVE: Extracellular dopamine concentrations were estimated through measurement of [11C]raclopride binding with positron emission tomography after dietary manipulation of the dopamine precursors tyrosine and phenylalanine. METHOD: Healthy male ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.10.1887

Publication date: 01 October 2003

Pages1890–1891

OBJECTIVE: Dysfunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis with elevated plasma cortisol levels is characteristic of acute major depression. However, it is unclear whether HPA axis abnormalities are present in fully recovered patients. An ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.10.1890

Publication date: 01 October 2003

Pages1892–1894

OBJECTIVE: Orbitofrontal cortex regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) is lower in cocaine-dependent subjects than in non-cocaine-dependent subjects. Performance on the Gambling Task, a test of decision making, is a putative correlate of orbitofrontal cortex ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.10.1892

Book Forum: Psychopharmacology

Book Forum: Consciousness

Book Forum: Cognitive Impairment

Book Forum: Psychoanalysis

Correction

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