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American Journal of Psychiatry

  • Volume 160
  • Number 11
  • November 2003

In This Issue

Editorial

Reviews and Overviews

Publication date: 01 November 2003

Pages1909–1918

OBJECTIVE: Methylphenidate, the most common treatment for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), increases extracellular dopamine in the brain, which is associated with its reinforcing as well as its therapeutic effects. The authors evaluated ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.11.1909

Publication date: 01 November 2003

Pages1919–1928

OBJECTIVE: The authors conducted a meta-analysis of published randomized, controlled medication trials in children and adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) to assess evidence for differential efficacy based on type of drug, study design, ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.11.1919

Images in Neuroscience

Introspections

Clinical Case Conference

Images in Psychiatry

Article

Publication date: 01 November 2003

Pages1938–1945

OBJECTIVE: The authors used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to define the neural regions mediating self-referential processing of emotional stimuli and to explore how these regions are influenced by the emotional valence of the stimulus. ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.11.1938

Publication date: 01 November 2003

Pages1946–1953

OBJECTIVE: In this study the authors examined the functional neuroanatomy of grief, which to their knowledge has not been studied previously in functional neuroimaging research. METHOD: Grief was elicited in eight bereaved women through photographs of the ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.11.1946

Publication date: 01 November 2003

Pages1954–1964

OBJECTIVE: Theory of mind (TOM), or “mentalizing,” refers to the ability to attribute mental states to self and others. Inferring what people are thinking and feeling is an important aspect of human social interaction, and it is also an important aspect ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.11.1954

Publication date: 01 November 2003

Pages1965–1969

OBJECTIVE: The serotonin system has long been of interest in biological models of human personality. The purpose of this positron emission tomography (PET) study was to search for relationships between serotonin 5-HT1A receptor density and personality ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.11.1965

Publication date: 01 November 2003

Pages1970–1977

OBJECTIVE: Recent research has provided evidence for a genetically mediated association between language or reading-related cognitive deficits and impaired motor coordination. Other studies have identified relationships between lateralization of hand ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.11.1970

Publication date: 01 November 2003

Pages1978–1984

OBJECTIVE: The authors’ goal was to investigate whether maternal smoking during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of nicotine dependence among adult offspring. METHOD: Prospective data from two samples of offspring in the National ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.11.1978

Publication date: 01 November 2003

Pages1985–1989

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to examine whether smoking during pregnancy is associated with symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in offspring and whether these effects are additional to genetic influences. METHOD: Children’s ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.11.1985

Publication date: 01 November 2003

Pages1990–1994

OBJECTIVE: Function of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex has been implicated in impulse control. The authors used the Stroop paradigm to test attention and response inhibition during the presentation of congruent and incongruent stimuli in male ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.11.1990

Publication date: 01 November 2003

Pages1995–2002

OBJECTIVE: To clarify the olfactory deficit hypothesis regarding Alzheimer’s disease, the authors compared olfactory function in patients with Alzheimer’s disease, subjects with mild cognitive impairment, and healthy comparison subjects. METHOD: Olfactory ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.11.1995

Publication date: 01 November 2003

Pages2003–2011

OBJECTIVE: The authors examined the effect of the acetylcholinesterase inhibitor donepezil on magnetic resonance markers of neurodegeneration in Alzheimer’s disease. METHOD: In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study, 67 patients ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.11.2003

Publication date: 01 November 2003

Pages2012–2017

OBJECTIVE: Current methods for enhancing the recognition and treatment of depression in nursing home patients have been unsuccessful. This study examines the process, outcome, and impact of instituting a mandatory depression screening program for ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.11.2012

Publication date: 01 November 2003

Pages2018–2024

OBJECTIVE: The authors examined the relationship of borderline personality disorder to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) with respect to the role of trauma and its timing. METHOD: The Trauma History Questionnaire and the PTSD module of the Structured ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.11.2018

Publication date: 01 November 2003

Pages2025–2031

OBJECTIVE: Accidental injuries are frequent and their socioeconomic consequences enormous. The present study aimed to identify predictors of the number of days of leave taken in a consecutively selected group of accident victims who sustained severe, ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.11.2025

Publication date: 01 November 2003

Pages2032–2037

OBJECTIVE: Most refugees live in low-income countries. There is a lack of data on psychiatric disability among such refugees. The authors compared psychiatric disability in tortured and nontortured Bhutanese refugees living in Nepal and examined factors ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.11.2032

Publication date: 01 November 2003

Pages2038–2045

OBJECTIVE: The authors assessed whether individual differences in drinking history as well as lifetime incidence of comorbid cocaine or marijuana use disorder underlie differential patterns of brain atrophy in subjects with alcohol dependence. METHOD: ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.11.2038

Brief Report

Publication date: 01 November 2003

Pages2046–2049

OBJECTIVE: This study provides what the authors believe is the first empirical evaluation of cognitive behavior therapy as a posthospitalization treatment for anorexia nervosa in adults. METHOD: After hospitalization, 33 patients with DSM-IV anorexia ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.11.2046

Publication date: 01 November 2003

Pages2049–2051

OBJECTIVE: Using data from a longitudinal study of the mood disorders, the investigators address the phenomenon of unipolar mania. METHOD: Subjects diagnosed as having Research Diagnostic Criteria mania at intake into the study were prospectively followed ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.11.2049

Publication date: 01 November 2003

Pages2052–2054

OBJECTIVE: The authors investigated the relationship between depression duration and cerebral gray matter volume in female patients with recurrent major depressive disorder. METHOD: Magnetic resonance imaging was used to measure intracranial and total ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.11.2052

Publication date: 01 November 2003

Pages2054–2056

OBJECTIVE: This study tested the hypothesis that frontal error negative wave amplitude on EEG during Stroop test activation predict change in depressive symptoms in depressed elders. METHOD: Twenty-two older patients with major depression received ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.11.2054

Publication date: 01 November 2003

Pages2057–2060

OBJECTIVE: Bilateral temporal hypoperfusion at rest was recently described in autism. In normal adults, these regions are activated by listening to speech-like sounds. To investigate auditory cortical processing in autism, the authors performed a positron ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.11.2057

Publication date: 01 November 2003

Pages2060–2062

OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated childhood cognitive functioning in individuals who later developed schizophrenia and in their unaffected siblings. METHOD: Through the National Collaborative Perinatal Project, seven subtests of the Wechsler Intelligence ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.11.2060

Publication date: 01 November 2003

Pages2063–2065

OBJECTIVE: The authors’ goal was to examine the predictive value of early symptom changes indicating response to antipsychotic medication in schizophrenia. METHOD: One hundred thirty-one acutely ill patients with schizophrenia received 4 weeks of ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.11.2063

Publication date: 01 November 2003

Pages2066–2068

OBJECTIVE: New-generation antipsychotics have been proposed to normalize the P50 sensory gating index in patients with schizophrenia. In the context of a double-blind comparison of olanzapine and haloperidol, the authors examined the effect of olanzapine ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.11.2066

Book Forum: Clinical Practice

Book Forum: Psychotic Disorders

Book Forum: Psychoneuroendocrinology

Book Forum: Psychotherapy

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