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American Journal of Psychiatry

  • Volume 162
  • Number 10
  • October 2005

In This Issue

Editorial

Reviews and Overviews

Publication date: 01 October 2005

Pages1785–1804

OBJECTIVE: The duration of untreated psychosis may influence response to treatment, reflecting a potentially malleable progressive pathological process. The authors reviewed the literature on the association of duration of untreated psychosis with symptom ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.10.1785

Publication date: 01 October 2005

Pages1805–1819

OBJECTIVE: Observational studies suggest that long-term lithium treatment has a strong antisuicidal effect in mood disorders, but it is uncertain whether this association is a genuine therapeutic effect or is due to confounding factors in nonrandomized ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.10.1805

Introspections

Images in Psychiatry

Article

Publication date: 01 October 2005

Pages1824–1832

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine whether a haplotype in the dystrobrevin binding protein 1 (DTNBP1) gene previously associated with schizophrenia not only increases the susceptibility to psychotic illness but also to a more or less ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.10.1824

Publication date: 01 October 2005

Pages1833–1839

OBJECTIVE: People with schizophrenia have exhibited reduced functional activity in the anterior cingulate cortex during the performance of many types of cognitive tasks and during the commission of errors. According to conflict theory, the anterior ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.10.1833

Publication date: 01 October 2005

Pages1840–1848

OBJECTIVE: Patients with schizophrenia improve episodic memory accuracy when given organizational strategies through levels-of-processing paradigms. This study tested if improvement is accompanied by normalized frontotemporal function. METHOD: Event-...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.10.1840

Publication date: 01 October 2005

Pages1849–1858

OBJECTIVE: Working memory, a critical cognitive capacity that is affected in schizophrenia, can be divided into maintenance and manipulation processes. Previous behavioral research suggested that manipulation is more affected than maintenance in patients ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.10.1849

Publication date: 01 October 2005

Pages1859–1871

OBJECTIVE: While both thalamic abnormalities and dopaminergic dysregulation have been separately implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia, little is known about the possible dysfunction of molecules associated with dopaminergic neurotransmission ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.10.1859

Publication date: 01 October 2005

Pages1872–1878

OBJECTIVE: The anterior cingulate gyrus is a pivotal component of brain networks directing affective and cognitive functions, and abnormalities of the anterior cingulate gyrus may be involved in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. However, magnetic ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.10.1872

Publication date: 01 October 2005

Pages1879–1887

OBJECTIVE: The efficacy and safety of olanzapine were compared with those of ziprasidone. METHOD: This was a multicenter randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, 28-week study of patients with schizophrenia. Patients were randomly assigned to treatment ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.10.1879

Publication date: 01 October 2005

Pages1888–1895

OBJECTIVE: Cognitive impairment is a major determinant of functional outcome in schizophrenia. Treatment of cognitive impairment at the time of the first episode may have the potential to change functional outcomes of the illness. This study examined ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.10.1888

Publication date: 01 October 2005

Pages1896–1903

Background: Cognitive deficits consistently have been reported in schizophrenia patients and in patients with schizotypal personality disorder. For this study, the authors wanted to identify which of the domains of cognitive impairment represent “core” ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.10.1896

Publication date: 01 October 2005

Pages1904–1910

OBJECTIVE: Premorbid intellectual impairment has been described in schizophrenia, but little is known about premorbid intellectual functioning in bipolar disorder or other psychoses. In this study, premorbid intellectual ability was investigated in ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.10.1904

Publication date: 01 October 2005

Pages1911–1918

OBJECTIVE: The largest clinical epidemiological surveys of personality disorders have been based on unstructured clinical evaluations. However, several recent studies have questioned the accuracy and thoroughness of clinical diagnostic interviews; ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.10.1911

Publication date: 01 October 2005

Pages1926–1932

OBJECTIVE: The authors investigated 1) whether adolescents and adults in the community diagnosed with personality disorder not otherwise specified are at elevated risk for adverse outcomes, and 2) whether this elevation in risk is comparable with that ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.10.1926

Publication date: 01 October 2005

Pages1933–1940

OBJECTIVE: Time-limited manualized dynamic psychotherapy was compared with community-delivered psychodynamic therapy for outpatients with personality disorders. METHOD: In a stratified randomized clinical trial, 156 patients with any personality disorder ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.10.1933

Publication date: 01 October 2005

Pages1941–1947

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to quasiprospectively investigate continuities between emotional and disruptive behavior disorders in adolescence and personality disorders in adulthood. METHOD: One hundred thirty subjects (age: mean=43.2 years) ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.10.1941

Publication date: 01 October 2005

Pages1957–1960

OBJECTIVE: Financial conflict of interest has been reported to be prevalent in clinical trials in general medicine and associated with a greater likelihood of reporting results favorable to the intervention being studied. The extent and implications of ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.10.1957

Brief Report

Publication date: 01 October 2005

Pages1961–1963

OBJECTIVE: This study used functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate amygdala response in patients with acute posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) to emotional expressions. METHOD: Thirteen medication-free individuals with acute PTSD and no ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.10.1961

Publication date: 01 October 2005

Pages1963–1966

OBJECTIVE: Face recognition memory deficits in schizophrenia are attributed to frontotemporal dysfunction. Biological relatives of patients have similar deficits, suggesting genetic susceptibility. Because the impairment may reflect generalized object ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.10.1963

Publication date: 01 October 2005

Pages1966–1969

OBJECTIVE: Duration of untreated psychosis is associated with time to treatment response among patients with schizophrenia. However, individual psychotic symptoms have not been investigated in this context. The authors examined the relationship between ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.10.1966

Publication date: 01 October 2005

Pages1969–1971

OBJECTIVE: The authors tested whether decisions about incongruencies in the representation and processing of semantic knowledge, thought to be related to cognitive control, are selectively impaired in schizophrenia. METHOD: Twenty-four patients with ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.10.1969

Publication date: 01 October 2005

Pages1972–1974

OBJECTIVE: The authors report a large family in which bipolar disorder appears to cosegregate with autosomal-dominant medullary cystic kidney disease. METHOD: Information regarding diagnostic criteria for bipolar disorder and medullary cystic kidney ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.10.1972

Publication date: 01 October 2005

Pages1975–1977

OBJECTIVE: Patients with bipolar disorder become hyperhedonic when manic and anhedonic when depressed; therefore, it is important to test whether patients with bipolar disorder show deficits on behavioral paradigms exploring reward/punishment mechanisms. ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.10.1975

Publication date: 01 October 2005

Pages1977–1979

OBJECTIVE: This study attempted to assess whether an index of the difference between the wish to die and the wish to live constitutes a risk factor for suicide. METHOD: A study group of 5,814 patients, including 44 who committed suicide (0.8%), were ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.10.1977

Publication date: 01 October 2005

Pages1980–1982

OBJECTIVE: The authors’ goal was to characterize cognitive flexibility and verbal learning in relatives of patients with bipolar disorder and in euthymic patients with recurrent major depression. METHOD: The intradimensional/extradimensional shift task ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.10.1980

Letter to the Editor

Book Forum: Psychotic Disorders

Book Forum: Public Health Perspectives

Book Forum: Psychotherapies

Book Forum: Behavioral Genetics

Book Forum: Pathological Gambling

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