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American Journal of Psychiatry

  • Volume 162
  • Number 12
  • December 2005

In This Issue

Editorial

Reviews and Overviews

Publication date: 01 December 2005

Page2220

OBJECTIVE: This article reviews research on psychosocial treatment for first-episode psychosis. METHOD: PsycINFO and MEDLINE were systematically searched for studies that evaluated psychosocial interventions for first-episode psychosis. RESULTS: ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.12.2220

Publication date: 01 December 2005

Pages2233–2245

OBJECTIVE: Voxel-based morphometry is a method for detecting group differences in the density or volume of brain matter. The authors reviewed the literature on use of voxel-based morphometry in schizophrenia imaging research to examine the capabilities of ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.12.2233

Introspections

Images in Psychiatry

Article

Publication date: 01 December 2005

Pages2249–2255

OBJECTIVE: The aims of the study were to identify the characteristics of the dieters most at risk of subsequently developing an eating disorder and to evaluate the feasibility of using a brief questionnaire to identify such dieters in advance. METHOD: A ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.12.2249

Publication date: 01 December 2005

Pages2256–2262

OBJECTIVE: An interesting candidate gene for eating disorders is the gene for insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2). Located on chromosome 11p15.5, IGF2 is a member of the insulin family of polypeptide growth factors that is involved in development and ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.12.2256

Publication date: 01 December 2005

Pages2263–2268

OBJECTIVE: The authors sought to evaluate patterns and predictors of relapse among women with eating disorders. METHOD: Interviews were conducted biannually to annually to assess symptoms of eating disorders, axis I disorders, treatment, and psychosocial ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.12.2263

Publication date: 01 December 2005

Pages2269–2275

OBJECTIVE: Set-shifting difficulties have been reported in subjects with anorexia nervosa and appear to persist after recovery; therefore, they may be endophenotypic traits. The goals of this study were to investigate whether set-shifting difficulties are ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.12.2269

Publication date: 01 December 2005

Pages2276–2286

OBJECTIVE: Most studies focusing on risk factors for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have used retrospective study designs. Only a small number of studies have prospectively examined risk factors in the immediate aftermath of trauma exposure in ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.12.2276

Publication date: 01 December 2005

Pages2287–2294

OBJECTIVE: Many Holocaust survivors who have both psychotic disorders and residual symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) remain chronically hospitalized in psychiatric institutions. This study investigated the clinical benefits of a therapeutic ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.12.2287

Publication date: 01 December 2005

Pages2295–2301

OBJECTIVE: Dissociative responses that occur at the time of a trauma (peritraumatic dissociation) have been described as a major risk factor for subsequent posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The current study evaluated peritraumatic dissociation and ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.12.2295

Publication date: 01 December 2005

Pages2302–2308

OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated 1) the natural course of posttraumatic stress and depressive reactions among untreated adolescents from two cities in an earthquake zone (Gumri and Spitak) and one at the periphery (Yerevan) who were differentially exposed ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.12.2302

Publication date: 01 December 2005

Pages2309–2314

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the long-term (20-year) effectiveness of frontline treatment provided to combat stress reaction casualties. METHOD: A longitudinal quasi-experimental design was employed. Participants were combat stress ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.12.2309

Publication date: 01 December 2005

Pages2315–2321

OBJECTIVE: Anatomical structures of the striatum were studied in 58 patients with schizophrenia and 56 healthy comparison subjects of both genders matched for age and handedness. METHOD: Magnetic resonance imaging scans were used to measure gray matter, ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.12.2315

Publication date: 01 December 2005

Pages2322–2329

OBJECTIVE: The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and the anterior cingulate cortex are critical components of the brain circuitry underlying executive control. The objective of this study was to investigate control-related dorsolateral prefrontal cortex ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.12.2322

Publication date: 01 December 2005

Pages2330–2336

OBJECTIVE: Schizophrenia patients experience deficits in many aspects of cognition and perception. Abnormalities in gamma activity may underlie some of these deficits, including rapid processing of visual stimuli. This study examined event-related gamma ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.12.2330

Publication date: 01 December 2005

Pages2337–2343

OBJECTIVE: Neurological soft signs are frequently found in schizophrenia. They are indicators of both genetic liability and psychopathological symptoms. To further differentiate “trait” and “state” relations the authors compared the 1-year course of ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.12.2337

Publication date: 01 December 2005

Pages2344–2351

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to examine whether caffeine dependence and a family history of alcoholism are associated with continued use of caffeine during pregnancy. METHOD: Forty-four women seeking obstetrical care in an office-based practice ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.12.2344

Publication date: 01 December 2005

Pages2360–2373

OBJECTIVE: Orbitofrontal cortex lesions produce disinhibited or socially inappropriate behavior and emotional irregularities. Characteristics of borderline personality disorder include impulsivity and affective instability. The authors investigated ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.12.2360

Brief Report

Publication date: 01 December 2005

Pages2374–2376

OBJECTIVE: This study sought to compare inpatient hospitalization practices for treating anorexia nervosa at two time periods and to assess whether differences in practices affected treatment outcome. METHOD: Hospital charts were examined for all patients ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.12.2374

Publication date: 01 December 2005

Pages2376–2378

OBJECTIVE: Regular physical activity is anxiolytic for both healthy subjects and patients with panic disorder. However, the acute antipanic activity of exercise has not yet been studied systematically. METHOD: The effects of quiet rest or aerobic ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.12.2376

Publication date: 01 December 2005

Pages2379–2381

OBJECTIVE: There is a need to identify novel pharmacotherapies for anxiety disorders. The authors examined the safety and efficacy of riluzole, an antiglutamatergic agent, in adult outpatients with generalized anxiety disorder. METHOD: In an 8-week, open-...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.12.2379

Publication date: 01 December 2005

Pages2382–2384

OBJECTIVE: Little is known about the desire of patients with schizophrenia to be involved in medical decisions affecting their treatment. METHOD: The authors administered the Autonomy Preference Index to 122 inpatients with schizophrenia. In addition, the ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.12.2382

Publication date: 01 December 2005

Pages2384–2386

OBJECTIVE: Patients with schizophrenia experiencing delusions and hallucinations can misattribute their own actions to an external source. The authors test the hypothesis that patients with schizophrenia have defects in their ability to predict the ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.12.2384

Publication date: 01 December 2005

Pages2387–2389

OBJECTIVE: This study looked for a relationship between the prevalence of teachers who bully students and school behavioral problems reflected in suspensions from school. METHOD: A convenience sample of 214 teachers answered an anonymous questionnaire ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.12.2387

Publication date: 01 December 2005

Pages2389–2391

OBJECTIVE: This study assessed how many adults completed a research advance directive and the preferences indicated on the completed forms. METHOD: The authors analyzed all 2,371 adults admitted as inpatients to the NIH Clinical Center from March 14 to ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.12.2389

Letter to the Editor

Book Forum: Autobiography and Biography

Book Forum: Novels

Book Forum: History and Society

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