American Journal of Psychiatry
- Volume 162
- Number 12
- December 2005
In This Issue
Editorial
Reviews and Overviews
Publication date: 01 December 2005
Page2220OBJECTIVE: This article reviews research on psychosocial treatment for first-episode psychosis. METHOD: PsycINFO and MEDLINE were systematically searched for studies that evaluated psychosocial interventions for first-episode psychosis. RESULTS: ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.12.2220Publication date: 01 December 2005
Pages2233–2245OBJECTIVE: Voxel-based morphometry is a method for detecting group differences in the density or volume of brain matter. The authors reviewed the literature on use of voxel-based morphometry in schizophrenia imaging research to examine the capabilities of ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.12.2233Introspections
Images in Psychiatry
Article
Publication date: 01 December 2005
Pages2249–2255OBJECTIVE: The aims of the study were to identify the characteristics of the dieters most at risk of subsequently developing an eating disorder and to evaluate the feasibility of using a brief questionnaire to identify such dieters in advance. METHOD: A ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.12.2249Publication date: 01 December 2005
Pages2256–2262OBJECTIVE: An interesting candidate gene for eating disorders is the gene for insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2). Located on chromosome 11p15.5, IGF2 is a member of the insulin family of polypeptide growth factors that is involved in development and ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.12.2256Publication date: 01 December 2005
Pages2263–2268OBJECTIVE: The authors sought to evaluate patterns and predictors of relapse among women with eating disorders. METHOD: Interviews were conducted biannually to annually to assess symptoms of eating disorders, axis I disorders, treatment, and psychosocial ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.12.2263Publication date: 01 December 2005
Pages2269–2275OBJECTIVE: Set-shifting difficulties have been reported in subjects with anorexia nervosa and appear to persist after recovery; therefore, they may be endophenotypic traits. The goals of this study were to investigate whether set-shifting difficulties are ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.12.2269Publication date: 01 December 2005
Pages2276–2286OBJECTIVE: Most studies focusing on risk factors for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have used retrospective study designs. Only a small number of studies have prospectively examined risk factors in the immediate aftermath of trauma exposure in ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.12.2276Publication date: 01 December 2005
Pages2287–2294OBJECTIVE: Many Holocaust survivors who have both psychotic disorders and residual symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) remain chronically hospitalized in psychiatric institutions. This study investigated the clinical benefits of a therapeutic ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.12.2287Publication date: 01 December 2005
Pages2295–2301OBJECTIVE: Dissociative responses that occur at the time of a trauma (peritraumatic dissociation) have been described as a major risk factor for subsequent posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The current study evaluated peritraumatic dissociation and ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.12.2295Publication date: 01 December 2005
Pages2302–2308OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated 1) the natural course of posttraumatic stress and depressive reactions among untreated adolescents from two cities in an earthquake zone (Gumri and Spitak) and one at the periphery (Yerevan) who were differentially exposed ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.12.2302Publication date: 01 December 2005
Pages2309–2314OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the long-term (20-year) effectiveness of frontline treatment provided to combat stress reaction casualties. METHOD: A longitudinal quasi-experimental design was employed. Participants were combat stress ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.12.2309Publication date: 01 December 2005
Pages2315–2321OBJECTIVE: Anatomical structures of the striatum were studied in 58 patients with schizophrenia and 56 healthy comparison subjects of both genders matched for age and handedness. METHOD: Magnetic resonance imaging scans were used to measure gray matter, ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.12.2315Publication date: 01 December 2005
Pages2322–2329OBJECTIVE: The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and the anterior cingulate cortex are critical components of the brain circuitry underlying executive control. The objective of this study was to investigate control-related dorsolateral prefrontal cortex ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.12.2322Publication date: 01 December 2005
Pages2330–2336OBJECTIVE: Schizophrenia patients experience deficits in many aspects of cognition and perception. Abnormalities in gamma activity may underlie some of these deficits, including rapid processing of visual stimuli. This study examined event-related gamma ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.12.2330Publication date: 01 December 2005
Pages2337–2343OBJECTIVE: Neurological soft signs are frequently found in schizophrenia. They are indicators of both genetic liability and psychopathological symptoms. To further differentiate “trait” and “state” relations the authors compared the 1-year course of ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.12.2337Publication date: 01 December 2005
Pages2344–2351OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to examine whether caffeine dependence and a family history of alcoholism are associated with continued use of caffeine during pregnancy. METHOD: Forty-four women seeking obstetrical care in an office-based practice ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.12.2344Publication date: 01 December 2005
Pages2352–2359OBJECTIVE: Ketamine is a noncompetitive antagonist at the glutamatergic N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor that is used in human and animal medicine as an injectable anesthetic. The illegal use of ketamine as a recreational drug is rapidly growing. Very ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.12.2352Publication date: 01 December 2005
Pages2360–2373OBJECTIVE: Orbitofrontal cortex lesions produce disinhibited or socially inappropriate behavior and emotional irregularities. Characteristics of borderline personality disorder include impulsivity and affective instability. The authors investigated ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.12.2360Brief Report
Publication date: 01 December 2005
Pages2374–2376OBJECTIVE: This study sought to compare inpatient hospitalization practices for treating anorexia nervosa at two time periods and to assess whether differences in practices affected treatment outcome. METHOD: Hospital charts were examined for all patients ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.12.2374Publication date: 01 December 2005
Pages2376–2378OBJECTIVE: Regular physical activity is anxiolytic for both healthy subjects and patients with panic disorder. However, the acute antipanic activity of exercise has not yet been studied systematically. METHOD: The effects of quiet rest or aerobic ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.12.2376Publication date: 01 December 2005
Pages2379–2381OBJECTIVE: There is a need to identify novel pharmacotherapies for anxiety disorders. The authors examined the safety and efficacy of riluzole, an antiglutamatergic agent, in adult outpatients with generalized anxiety disorder. METHOD: In an 8-week, open-...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.12.2379Publication date: 01 December 2005
Pages2382–2384OBJECTIVE: Little is known about the desire of patients with schizophrenia to be involved in medical decisions affecting their treatment. METHOD: The authors administered the Autonomy Preference Index to 122 inpatients with schizophrenia. In addition, the ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.12.2382Publication date: 01 December 2005
Pages2384–2386OBJECTIVE: Patients with schizophrenia experiencing delusions and hallucinations can misattribute their own actions to an external source. The authors test the hypothesis that patients with schizophrenia have defects in their ability to predict the ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.12.2384Publication date: 01 December 2005
Pages2387–2389OBJECTIVE: This study looked for a relationship between the prevalence of teachers who bully students and school behavioral problems reflected in suspensions from school. METHOD: A convenience sample of 214 teachers answered an anonymous questionnaire ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.12.2387Publication date: 01 December 2005
Pages2389–2391OBJECTIVE: This study assessed how many adults completed a research advance directive and the preferences indicated on the completed forms. METHOD: The authors analyzed all 2,371 adults admitted as inpatients to the NIH Clinical Center from March 14 to ...
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.12.2389Letter to the Editor
Book Forum: Autobiography and Biography
Book Forum: Novels
Book Forum: History and Society
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