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American Journal of Psychiatry

  • Volume 161
  • Number 2
  • February 2004

In This Issue

Editorial

Reviews and Overviews

Publication date: 01 February 2004

Pages195–216

OBJECTIVE: Most research on the effects of severe psychological stress has focused on stress-related psychopathology. Here, the author develops psychobiological models of resilience to extreme stress. METHOD: An integrative model of resilience and ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.161.2.195

Publication date: 01 February 2004

Pages217–222

OBJECTIVE: The authors sought to determine the efficacy and acceptability of lithium for relapse prevention in bipolar disorder. METHOD: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials comparing lithium with placebo in the long-term ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.161.2.217

Images in Neuroscience

Introspections

Clinical Case Conference

Images in Psychiatry

Article

Publication date: 01 February 2004

Pages233–241

OBJECTIVE: Drug use reminders are associated with localized changes in brain activity related to intense drug wanting or craving in cocaine-dependent men. While cocaine dependence is prevalent and disabling in women, and certain clinically relevant sex ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.161.2.233

Publication date: 01 February 2004

Pages242–248

OBJECTIVE: Methamphetamine is a highly addictive drug of abuse that is neurotoxic to dopamine terminals. The authors recently reported that decreases in dopamine transporters (used as markers of dopamine terminals) in the striatum of methamphetamine ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.161.2.242

Publication date: 01 February 2004

Pages249–254

OBJECTIVE: The authors’ goal was to study the potential effect on cognitive function of an interaction of HIV infection and a history of alcohol abuse. METHOD: The subjects were 30 HIV-negative and 50 HIV-positive men with and without a past history of ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.161.2.249

Publication date: 01 February 2004

Pages255–261

OBJECTIVE: Recurrent episodes of major depressive disorder are reported to have similar or stable characteristics across episodes. However, symptoms appear to be moderately stable only in consecutive depressive episodes or if episode severity is ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.161.2.255

Publication date: 01 February 2004

Pages262–270

OBJECTIVE: The study aims were to address neuropsychological functioning across different states of bipolar illness and to determine relationships among clinical features, neuropsychological performance, and psychosocial functioning. METHOD: Several ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.161.2.262

Publication date: 01 February 2004

Pages271–277

OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to determine whether or not depression is associated with higher levels of inflammatory markers in patients recovering from acute coronary syndromes. METHOD: Plasma levels of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.161.2.271

Publication date: 01 February 2004

Pages278–285

OBJECTIVE: This study estimates the prevalence of depression and describes the correlates and independent associations of distress and depression among U.S. men who have sex with men. METHOD: A household-based probability sample of men who have sex with ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.161.2.278

Publication date: 01 February 2004

Pages286–293

OBJECTIVE: The authors used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate brain activation in patients with schizophrenia and major depression while they performed two tasks—a vigilance task and a mental arithmetic task—that differed in ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.161.2.286

Publication date: 01 February 2004

Pages294–304

OBJECTIVE: Mismatch negativity is an event-related brain response sensitive to deviations within a sequence of repetitive auditory stimuli. It is thought to reflect short-term sensory memory and is independent of higher-level cognitive processes. Mismatch ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.161.2.294

Publication date: 01 February 2004

Pages305–314

OBJECTIVE: Three thalamic nuclei—the mediodorsal nucleus, pulvinar, and centromedian nucleus—each have unique reciprocal circuitry with cortical and subcortical areas known to be affected in schizophrenia. To determine if the disorder is also associated ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.161.2.305

Publication date: 01 February 2004

Pages315–321

OBJECTIVE: Smooth pursuit eye movements are abnormal in patients with schizophrenia. The investigators used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to compare brain hemodynamic response during a smooth pursuit eye movement task in patients with ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.161.2.315

Publication date: 01 February 2004

Pages322–331

OBJECTIVE: The heteromodal association cortex has been hypothesized to be selectively involved in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. To test this hypothesis, the authors measured prefrontal, inferior parietal, and superior temporal gyrus volumes and ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.161.2.322

Publication date: 01 February 2004

Pages332–342

OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the effectiveness of a supervised benzodiazepine taper, singly and combined with cognitive behavior therapy, for benzodiazepine discontinuation in older adults with chronic insomnia. METHOD: Seventy-six older adult ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.161.2.332

Publication date: 01 February 2004

Pages343–351

OBJECTIVE: The authors compared the efficacy and acceptability of continuous versus intermittent treatment with a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor in women with severe premenstrual syndrome and determined the effects of postmenstrual symptom ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.161.2.343

Brief Report

Publication date: 01 February 2004

Pages352–355

OBJECTIVE: The authors compared the clinical treatment given older psychiatric inpatients on a geriatric psychiatry unit and a general psychiatry unit. METHOD: The charts of 50 randomly selected general psychiatry inpatients over the age of 65 years and ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.161.2.352

Publication date: 01 February 2004

Pages356–358

OBJECTIVE: The authors’ goal was to test the hypothesis that DSM-IV symptoms of oppositional defiant disorder and conduct disorder can be validly applied to preschoolers. METHOD: Using a semistructured diagnostic interview, they assessed rates of symptoms ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.161.2.356

Publication date: 01 February 2004

Pages359–361

OBJECTIVE: The catechol O-methyltransferase (COMT) Val158Met polymorphism has been associated with cognitive and behavioral phenotypes in schizophrenia. Whether COMT genotype is beneficial may depend on phenotype definition. The authors examined the ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.161.2.359

Publication date: 01 February 2004

Pages361–363

OBJECTIVE: This prospective study examines the effect of clozapine on glucose control and insulin sensitivity. METHOD: Glucose homeostasis was measured in nine female and 11 male patients with schizophrenia (mean age=30.5 years, SD=7.4) before clozapine ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.161.2.361

Publication date: 01 February 2004

Pages364–367

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the effects of clozapine and risperidone on social skill and problem solving in patients with schizophrenia. METHOD: The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test and the Maryland Assessment of Social ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.161.2.364

Publication date: 01 February 2004

Pages368–370

OBJECTIVE: The authors used magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) to assess the effect of acute administration of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) citalopram on cortical levels of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). METHOD: Ten healthy volunteers ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.161.2.368

Publication date: 01 February 2004

Pages370–372

OBJECTIVE: The authors examined gender differences in response to tricyclic antidepressants. METHOD: A total of 30 randomized, placebo-controlled trials that included 3,886 patients (1,555 men and 2,331 women), submitted between 1979 and 1991 in order to ...

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.161.2.370

Letter to the Editor

Book Forum: Neuroscience

Book Forum: PIONEERS IN PSYCHIATRY

Book Forum: SOCIAL PSYCHIATRY

Book Forum: PSYCHIATRY AND THE LAW

Correction

APA Official Actions

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